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AP US History > Final Exam Vocab. > Flashcards

Final Exam Vocab. Flashcards

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1
Q

governor of NY who built the Erie Canal

A

Dewitt Clinton

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2
Q

wrote Common Sense, an influential propaganda pamphlet, in 1776, he was a radical who believed in the idea of republicanism, came from England

A

Thomas Paine

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3
Q

established as part of the Hamiltonian economic system in 1791, opposed by Jefferson, strengthened economy, (destroyed by Jackson), modeled after England’s version, chartered for 20 years

A

Bank of the United States

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4
Q

a system that allows each branch of government to limit the powers of the other branches in order to prevent abuse of power

A

Checks and balances

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5
Q

first steamboat, invented by Robert Fulton, went up Hudson River in 1807

A

Clermont

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6
Q

counted slaves as 3/5 of a person for representation and taxation

A

three-fifths compromise

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7
Q

TURNING POINT OF AMERICAN REVOLUTION, a battle near lake champlain, General Burgoyne’s forces forced to surrender to General Horatio Gates’s forces, end of burgoyne’s attempt to capture hudson river valley

A

Saratoga

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8
Q

cause of the Undeclared War, Adams sent envoys to talk to Talleyrand in 1797, France requested they pay tribute to speak with Talleyrand

A

XYZ Affair

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9
Q

Jefferson’s method of cutting off trade with other countries hoping to harm their economies and get them to respect America’s rights, example: Embargo Act

A

economic coercion

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10
Q

rights that a person is born with and that a person deserves, Thomas Jefferson claimed in the Declaration of Independence that the British king had taken away many of these rights

A

natural rights

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11
Q

taxes on imported goods to protect American industry

A

protective tariff

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12
Q

a statement of foreign policy which proclaimed that Europe should not interfere with the affairs of countries in the Western Hemisphere and that the U.S. would in turn not interfere in the affairs of Europe

A

Monroe Doctrine

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13
Q

born in Franklin, MA, he worked on educational reform in MA

A

Horace Mann

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14
Q

term used to describe slavery

A

peculiar institution

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15
Q

nickname for the Constitution

A

“Bundle of Compromises”

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16
Q

meeting of New England states to discuss secession from Union, Federalist ideas, shot in foot of Federalist party (ended them), called by MA, took place in CT

A

Hartford Convention

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17
Q

people who believed that anything not in the Constitution was forbidden, Jefferson est. this principle, generally JDRs were this

A

strict constructionist

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18
Q

machine invented by Eli Whitney used to separate seeds from raw cotton, helped development of the South esp. in economy

A

cotton gin

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19
Q

Eli Whitney, gun industry, est. assembly line for mass production

A

interchangeable parts

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20
Q

a law that divided much of the United States into a system of townships to facilitate the sale of land to settlers

A

Ordinance of 1785

21
Q

method of allowing western territories to join the Union when they had a specific number of inhabitants

A

Northwest Ordinance of 1787

22
Q

treaty between U.S. and native americans (specifically the Miami Confederacy) in 1795 that ceded much of the land in the Ohio River Valley to the U.S.

A

Treaty of Greenville

23
Q

treaty that ended the War of 1812, restored conditions from beginning of war and set. a U.S. - Canadian border

A

Treaty of Ghent

24
Q

“FATHER OF THE CONSTITUTION”, DRAFTED BILL OF RIGHTS, strict constructionist, secretary of state for Jefferson, 4th President starting in 1809, believed in “compact theory” or “states’ rights theory” (belief that the states created the federal gov’t and can nullify any laws), Macon’s Bill No. 2

A

James Madison

25
Q

president during the Era of Good Feelings, revived Bank of U.S., protective tariff, HIS Doctrine

A

James Monroe

26
Q

two rebellions in response to money that were responded to with an unnecessarily large amount of force

(Shay-foreclosure 1786-1787, Whiskey-tax 1794)

A

Whiskey Rebellion / Shay’s Rebellion

27
Q

war with pirates of North Africa from 1801-1805, during first term of Jefferson’s presidency

A

Barbary War

28
Q

an american frontiersman who from 1778-1779 went down the ohio river caputuring British frontier posts by surprise (including Kaskaskia, Cahokia, and Vincennes)

A

George Rogers Clark

29
Q

set up federal court system including Supreme, federal district, and circuit courts, est. offices of Chief Justice, five associates and Attorney General

A

Judiciary Act of 1789

30
Q

est. “midnight judges”, one of the last laws past by the dying Federalist party, created judicial offices to ensure Federalist power in judiciary branch, signed by President John Adams

A

Judiciary Act of 1801

31
Q

writer and author, wrote an essay on CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE (addressed when it is right to break the law and that one must be willing to suffer the consequences for disobeying the law, for example the Underground Railroad)

A

Henry David Thoreau

32
Q

first female graduate of a medical college in mid-1800s, pioneer in a career previously not allowed to women

A

Elizabeth Blackwell

33
Q

allowed Missouri to enter the Union as a slave state and Maine to enter as a free state, prohibited slavery north of 36 3o latitude in Louisiana Territory

A

Missouri Compromise

34
Q

founder of Mormonism, polygamist, The Church of Jesus Christ of the Latter-Day Saints, killed

A

Joseph Smith

35
Q

leader of the Mormons after Joseph Smith was killed, led followers to Utah

A

Brigham Young

36
Q

a political party, they were anti-immigrant and anti-Catholic, they were also called “The American Party”

A

Know Nothings

37
Q

fought for reform for treatment of the mentally insane

A

Dorothea Dix

38
Q

president of the Bank of the United States, Jackson battles him and destroys Bank

A

Nicholas Biddle

39
Q

became one of the “civilized tribes” adopting the American ways, went to Supreme Court when Congress tried to declare the Cherokee tribal council illegal, won but Jackson refused to recognize the decision

A

Cherokee

40
Q

rewarding supporters with government jobs

A

Spoils system

41
Q

state banks where Jackson put the government’s money instead of the national bank, he wanted to spread the wealth, but this created a recession

A

Pet banks

42
Q

EXPLORER, young army officer and cartographer of 1804, explored west of the Mississippi River to Oregon with Meriweather Lewis

A

William Clark

43
Q

after Napoleon gained power, French met with U.S. to annul the alliance of 1778, ended the Quasi War between French and U.S.

A

Convention of 1800

44
Q

rights reserved for people

A

9th amendment

45
Q

rights reserved for states

A

10th amendment

46
Q

a person who favors the equal division of land property and the advancement of agricultural groups

A

agrarian

47
Q

Hamilton’s method of federal government paying off the states’ debts in addition to its own plus interest

A

assumption

48
Q

a name for women’s choice to have fewer children/smaller families and growing power and independence

A

domestic feminism

49
Q

political machine/organization, controlled NY, drew support from immigrants

A

Tammany Hall

AP US History (1 decks)

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