final exam vocab Flashcards
accommodation
allows religious or ethnic groups to maintain their distinctive cultures within mainstream society
adam smith
father of capitalism
accumulate
gain a increasing amount of something
artifacts
an object made by a human being, typically an item of cultural or historical interest
acculture
change as a result of contact with other cultural groups
adaption
the action or process of adapting or being adapted
anti-globalization
perspective of individuals and groups opposed to global trade agreements and their negative consequences for people in less developed countries, for the environment, and for peace
affirm
to state or assert positively; maintain as true
ancestral
of, belonging to, inherited from, or denoting an ancestor or ancestors
anglophone
english-speaking
assimilation
the absorption of a minority group by a dominant group
abundant
existing or available in large quantities; plentiful
atlantic slave trade
atlantic slave trade was the selling of african slaves by europeans that happened in and around the ttlantic ocean; lasted from the 15th century to the 19th century, most slaves were brought over on a slave ship.
americanization
the action of making a person or thing american in character or nationality
act
an instrument that records a fact or something that has been said, done, or agreed
apartheid
a policy of the south african government from 1948 to 1990 that denied rights to non-white citizens
apartheid movement
racial seggreation in south africa
aptn (aboriginal people’s television network)
aboriginal canadian television network that produces programming by and for aboriginal peooples
bias
an inclination that makes it hard to judge fairly
bilingualism
ability to speak more than one language
bio waste
any material that contains or has been contaminated by a biohazardous agent
bretton woods agreement
an agreement forged after the second world ware in bretton woods, new hempshire, by 44 countries to establish a system of rules, institutions, and procedures for the postwar global economy
belgian congo
a belgian colony in central africa from 1908 until independence in 1960
berlin conference
made rules for european colonization and trade in africa
boycott
a consumer’s refusal to purchase goods or services from a company because of disagreement with its corporate policies
border wars
a disagreement between countries about where the border between them should be drawn
can con (canadian content)
the amount of canadian participation in canada’s broadcasting industry in such areas as direction, writing, performance, cinematography, music composition, and so on
compensation
something, typically money, awarded to someone as a recompense for loss, injury, or suffering
culture
the customs, arts, social institutions, and achievements of a particular nation, people, or other social group
capitalism
an economic system for increasing individual wealth, requiring a relatively free market, open competition, the profit motive, and at least some private ownership of the means of production
consumerism (consumer)
a person who purchases goods and services for personal use
cottage industry
domestic system, also called putting-out system, production system widespread in 17th-century western europe in which merchant-employers “put out” materials to rural producers who usually worked in their homes but sometimes laboured in workshops or in turn put out work to others
corporations
a legal entity that’s separate from its owners; can make a profit, be taxed, and can be held legally liable
collective identity
the combination of beliefs, values, view of history, and language of a people
cash crops
a crop produced for its commercial value rather than for use by the grower
competition
the activity or condition of competing
complexity
the state or quality of being intricate or complicated
colonialism
the policy or practice of acquiring full or partial political control over another country, occupying it with settlers, and exploiting it economically
cause and effects
relationship in which one event (the cause) makes another event happen (the effect)
columbian exchange
the process by which plants, animals, diseases, people, and ideas have been introduced from europe, asia, and africa to the americas and vice versa
communist
a planned economic system in which government owns all means of production and all people work for government-owned and government-run enterprises
capitalist
a wealthy person who uses money to invest in trade and industry for profit in accordance with the principles of capitalism
cultural diversity
the existence of a variety of cultural or ethnic groups within a society
cultural institutions
organization within a culture/subculture that works for the preservation or promotion of culture
cultural pluralism
a condition in which minority groups participate fully in the dominant society, yet maintain their cultural differences
cultural dominance
culture over another other, by a deliberate policy or by economic or technological superiority; cultural domination can take the form of an active, formal policy or a general attitude
child labour
the use of children in industry or business, especially when illegal or considered inhumane
common currency
widely used and accepted
commercialism
emphasis on the maximizing of profit
cultural contact
the interaction of diverse cultures and perspectives, which may result in changes in values, beliefs, and traditions
cultural legislation
aims at the introduction of a legal framework regarding cultural rights
cultural revitalization
a process through which unique cultures regain a sense of identity, such as through promoting heritage languages or reviving traditions and customs
cultural conflict
conflict of behavior patterns and values that results when different cultures are incompletely assimilated
commodity
a raw material or primary agricultural product that can be bought and sold, such as copper or coffee
convergence
the act of converging and especially moving toward union or uniformity
crown corporations
government-owned companies within canada
crtc (canadian radio and television commission)
the public authority that regulates and promotes canadian culture in the broadcast media
common market
an agreement between or among countries that includes the free trade of goods and services and the free movement of capital and labour within the trading block
diversity
variety
devlopment
the process of developing or being developed
domination
the exercise of control or influence over someone or something, or the state of being so controlled
displace
take over the place, position, or role of (someone or something)
doubling time
the time it takes for a population to double in size/value
democratization
the introduction of a democratic system or democratic principles
economic
the dimension of life that concerns the production and exchange of goods, services, money, and resources
emigration
people moving out somewhere
exchange rates
the price at which one national currency can be purchased for another
exports
send (goods or services) to another country for sale
eurocentrism
a belief that the european world view is superior to all others
equal distribution
allowing the natural resources to be distributed equally to each section of the society rather than accumulating the resources in the hand of few persons
ethnocentrism
ethnicity, inter-ethnic relations, and similar inter-group issues are of concern; thinking one’s own group’s ways are superior to others
environmentalism
concern about and action aimed at protecting the environment
ethnical
deriving from or distinctive of the ways of living built up by a group of people
environmental stewardship
responsible use and protection of the natural environment through conservation and sustainable practices to enhance ecosystem resilience and human well-being
economic globalization
the increasing interdependence of world economies as a result of the growing scale of cross-border trade of commodities and services, flow of international capital and wide and rapid spread of technologies
extinct
having no living members; no longer in existence
european union
the world’s largest and most powerful common market, which works to develop common foreign and security policies and to address other issues such as citizens’ rights, job creation, regional development, and environmental protection
francophone
french-speaking
fluent
able to express oneself easily and articulately
fundamental
forming a necessary base or core; of central importance
free trade (pta)
a preferential trade area with increased depth and scope of tariffs reduction
factory
a building or group of buildings where goods are manufactured or assembled chiefly by machine
free market
a market in which government would regulate nothing and all businesses and property would be privately owned
french immersion
form of bilingual education where students learn french
free market economy
a system in which government does not intervene (or intervenes only minimally) in the production and control of goods and services
free trade agreement
1989 economic treaty between canada and the united states that sought to promote trade by reducing tariffs and other barriers between the two countries
government intervention
regulatory action taken by government that seek to change the decisions made by individuals, groups and organizations about social and economic matters
global market
market in which goods and services of one country are traded (purchased or sold) to people of other counties