Final Exam Unit 1 Terms

Question 1

Psychology

Answer 1

Scientific study of behavior and mental processes.

Question 2

Empiricism

Answer 2

Gathering information using your five senses (objective).

Question 3

Biological Approach

Answer 3

Human and animal behavior is seen as the direct result of events in the body, also known as neuroscience.

Question 4

Psychodynamic Approach

Answer 4

(Sigmund Freud) Mental and behavior problems are caused by conflicts between acceptable behavior and unacceptable, unconscious desires.

Question 5

Humanistic Approach

Answer 5

(Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow) Emphasizes free will, self-actualization, and human nature as growth seeking experiences as motivation for behavior.

Question 6

Cognition

Answer 6

Study how we think, remember, store, and use information from our environment using a vast array of mental processes.

Question 7

Evolutionary Approach

Answer 7

How does this thought process give us the advantage from a time when we didn’t have thought processes (natural selection, adaption)

Question 8

Socio-Cultural Approach

Answer 8

Cultural behavior, does the behavior change on culture, age, race, occupation, religion, income.

Question 9

Descriptive Research

Answer 9

To observe, collect, and record data.

Question 10

Naturalistic Observation

Answer 10

Watch in natural habitat from afar, without them knowing it.

Question 11

Case Studies

Answer 11

In-Depth study of a single subject or small group of strangers.

Question 12

Survey Research

Answer 12

Form a “polling” to measure wide variety of psychological behaviors and attitudes.

Question 13

Correlational Research

Answer 13

Observing or measuring two or more variables to find the relationship between them.

Question 14

Plasticity

Answer 14

The brain has a special capacity to change and adapt as we experience new things or encounter injuries.

Question 15

Autonomic

Answer 15

Automatic motor system that automatically, and involuntarily activates or inhibits internal organs of the body.

Question 16

Sympathetic

Answer 16

Fight or flight; danger meter

Question 17

Parasympathetic

Answer 17

Calms you down; relaxes you.

Question 18

Organization of the Nervous system

Answer 18

Central: Hindbrain, midbrain, forebrain, spinal cord
Peripheral: autonomic, somatic

Question 19

Somatic

Answer 19

Sensory and motor system that relay information about touch and pain to the central nervous system, and send messages from the brain to the muscles to produce voluntary movement.

Question 20

Hindbrain

Answer 20

Contains the Medulla “critical bodily functions”, cerebellum “walking and balance”, and Pons “arousal and sleep”

Question 21

Cerebellum

Answer 21

“walking and balance”

• Walking and fine motor skills
• muscle memory, forgets extra information.

Question 22

The Limbic System

Answer 22

Emotional response when in a particular situation. Makes your facial expressions and body movements.

Question 23

Amygdala

Answer 23

“Fear and Anxiety”

• Ball at the base of hippocampus
• Helps recognize bonds with people you know
• Remembers when something fearful happens for survival

Question 24

Hippocampus

Answer 24

“learning and memory” Long cord in the middle of the brain, very easily damaged.

Question 25

Hypothalamus

Answer 25

“Body regulation” triangular piece next to the amygdala.

Question 26

Frontal Lobe

Answer 26

Motor Cortex

Question 27

Prefrontal Cortex

Answer 27

Attention and short term memory

Question 28

Parietal Lobe

Answer 28

Somatosensory cortex (touch, pain, stimuli)

Question 29

Temporal Lobe

Answer 29

Auditory cortex

Question 30

Occipital Lobe

Answer 30

Vision cortex

Question 31

Cerebral Cortex

Answer 31

Outside layer of the brain, ‘gray matter’

Question 32

Right Hemisphere

Answer 32

Spatial location, faces, art/music, creativity, “whole units”

Question 33

Left Hemisphere

Answer 33

Logic, mathematics, verbal skills, conscious awareness, doing sequential steps

Question 34

The Neuron

Answer 34

Specialized cell of the nervous system that is used to detect information, transmit information, and affect muscle glands.

Question 35

Soma

Answer 35

Neuron cell body

Question 36

Dendrites

Answer 36

Receive messages from neighboring neurons.

Question 37

Axon

Answer 37

Conducts nerve impulse from the cell body to distant location.

Question 38

Myelin Sheath

Answer 38

(Glial Cells) Protects, increases speed, and efficiency of nerve impulse.

Question 39

Terminal Buttons

Answer 39

Release chemical messages (neurotransmitters) onto neighboring dendrites.

Question 40

Synaptic Vesicles

Answer 40

Store neurotransmitters.

Question 41

Neurotransmitters

Answer 41

Chemical messages.

Question 42

Excitatory Synapse

Answer 42

Neuron more likely to produce an action potential

Question 43

Inhibitory Synapse

Answer 43

Neuron is less likely to produce an action potential.

Question 44

Action Potential

Answer 44

Brief wave of positive electrical charge that sweeps down the axon.