Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Y3 T1 Geography 222 > Final Exam Text > Flashcards

Final Exam Text Flashcards

1
Q

remote sensing

A

the process of collecting information related to the electromagnetic energy reflected or emmited by a target on the ground using a device a considerable distance away from the target on board an aircraft of spacecraft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

wavelength & frequency

A

the distance between the crests of two waves

  • think of it like the ocean
  • longer wavelength means increased space between crest
  • longer wavelength means less frequency
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

micrometer

nanometer

A

one-millionth of a meter

one-billionth of a meter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

visible light spectrum

A

0.4-0.7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

band

A

a narrow range of wavelengths that may be measured by remote sensing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

infrared

Near Infrared

shortwave infrared

thermal infrared

A

wavelengths between 0.7 and 100

  1. 7 and 1.3
  2. 3-3.0
  3. 0-14.0
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

atmospheric windows

A

those wavlengths of electromagnetic energy in which most of the energy passes through earths atmosphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Why is there no point to have a sensor measuring wavelengths such as untrviolet because…

A

they are completley absorbed by the atmosphere, so no reflectant energy to measure
atmospheric window

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Rayleigh scattering

A

scatteering of light caused by atmoshoeric particles smaller than the wavelength being scattered

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

mie scattering

A

scattering of light caused by atmospheric particles the same size as the wavelength being scattered

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

non-selective scattering

A

scattering of light caused by atmospheric particles larger than the wavelength being scattered

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

_____ wavlengths are scattered more then _____ wavelengths

A

shorter, longer

-explains why sky is blue during day, shorter blue wavelengths scattered far more then longer red

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

transmission

absorption

A

occures when light passes through a target and interacts with something else after

when light is trapped and held by a target

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

incident energy

spectral reflectance

A

total ammount of energy that strikes a surface
-calculated by adding up the ammounts of energy that were transmitted, absorbed, and reflected by a surface
I=R+A+T
the percentage of the total incident energy that was reflected from that surface
(R/I) x 100

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

spectral signature

A

a unique identifier for a particular item, generated by charting the percentage of reflected energy per wavelength against a value for that wavelength

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

NDVI returns a value between __ and __, the ______ the value the healthier he vegetation.

A

-1, +1

higher

.low values mean unhealthy vegetation
. very low means nothing is growing at all
. more red energy reflection and low near infrared means unhealthy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

spatial resolution

A

the size of the area on the ground represented by one pixels worth of energy measurment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

brightness values

A

the energy measured at a single pixel according to a predetermined scale;also refered to as digital numbers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

8 bit imagery is a digital image that carries a range of brightness values from __ to __

A

0(black) to 255(white)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

multispectral imagery

A

remotely sensed imagery created from the bands collected by a sensor capable of sensing several bands of energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

hyperspectral imagery

A

remotely sensed imagery created from the bands collected by a sensor capacble of sensing hhundreds of bands at once

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

color gun

colour composite

A

equipment used to display a color pixel on a screen through the use of the colours red, green, and blue

an image formed by placing a band of imagery into each of the three colour guns to view an image in colour rather than grayscae

23
Q

true colour composite vs. false colour composite

A

aranged normally vs. arranged with different colours

.standard false composite: when infrared is in red gun

24
Q

z value

A

the elevation assigned to an X/Y coordinate

25
vertical datum
a baseline used as a starting point in measuring elevation values( which are either abive or below this value)
26
Much geospatial data in N.A utilize the _____ as this origin point for elevations
NAVD88(North American Vertical Datum 1988)
27
Digital Raster Graphic Digital Line Graph
a scanned version of a USGS topographic map that has been georeferenced so that they'll match up with other geospatial data sources when used in GIS. the features such as roads, rivers, or boundaries digitized -vector datasets representing transporation features,hydrography features, or boundaries
28
Digital Terrain Model
a representation of a terrain surface calculated by measuring elevation vaalues at a series of locations -used in conjunction with GIS
29
X and Y: X, Y, and Z: X, Y, and Zs:
``` 2 dimensional -no z value 2.5 dimensional -one z value for each coordinate 3 dimensional -multiple z values for each coordinate ```
30
TIN
Triangulated Irregular Network - a terrain model that allows for non-equally spaced elevation points to be used in the creation of the surface - selected elevation points deemed most important are used in constructing the model - type of DTM
31
DEM
Digital Elevation Model - a representation of the terrain surface, created by measuring a set of equally spaced elevation values - can be converted to a raster grid representation for use with other geospatial data, such as satellite images or GIS - DEM resolution size is equal to raster grid cells size
32
LIDAR
a process in which a series of laser beams fired at the ground from an aircraft is used both to create highly accurate elevation models and also to measure the height of objects from the ground
33
point cloud
name given to the massive number of elevation data measurements collected by lidar
34
Digital Surface models
a measurement of the heights of ground elevations as well as the objects on top of the ground as captured by LIDAR
35
the industry standard data format used for LIDAR data is ___
LAS
36
slope aspect
the direction that a slope is facing
37
hillshade
a shaded relief map of the terrain created by modelling the position of the sun in the sky relativve to the landscape
38
sun altitude sun azimuth
the value between 0 and 90 used in constructing a hillshade to model the suns elevation above the terrain the value between 0 and 360 used in constructing a hillshade to model the suns position in the sky to show the direction of the suns rays striking the surface
39
draping base heights
a process in which an image is given z values to match the heights in a digital terrain model the z values of a digital terrain model that can then be applied to an image in the process of draping
40
vertical exageration
a process whereby the z-values are artificially enhanced for purposed of terrain visualization
41
____ are working maps
charts
42
geographic scale vs. map scale
geographic is real-world size
43
large scale map means...
smaller area shown 1:1 vs 1:40,000 largest scale is 1:1
44
small scale maps mean...
larger area shown 1:1 vs 1:40,000 smallest scale is 1:40,000
45
GPS
A technology usinng signals broadcast from satellites for navigation and position determination on earth
46
constellation
the full complement of sattelites comprising a GNSS
47
almanac ephermis pseudorange trilateration multipath
data concerning the status of GPS sattelite, which is included in the information being transmitted by the sattelite data refering to the GPS sattelites position in orbit the calculated distance between a GPS sattelite and reciever finding a location in relation to three points of reference an error caused by delay in the signal due to reflecting from surfaces before reaching the reciever
48
Differential GPS
a method of using a ground based correction in addition to the sattelite signals to determine position -need to have known coordinates
49
Wide area augemented system
a sattelite based augmentation system that covers the united states and other portions of N.A -imporves overall GPS position accuracy
50
swath width
the width of the ground area the sattelite is imaging as it passes over earth surface
51
spatial resolution
the ground area represented by one pixel of sattelite imagery
52
Pan-sharpening
the technique of fusing a higher resolution panchromatic band with lower resolution multispectral bands to improve the clarity and detail seen in the image
53
temporal resolution spectral resolution
length of time a sensor takes to come back and image the same location on the ground -finer a sensor's temporal resolution, the fewer days it will take between return times the bands and wavelengths measured by a sensor
54
Describe how Landsat 1,4,5,7,and 8 are equipped
1- MSS(multispectral scanner) which can map 4 bands 4,5- added TM(Thematic Mapper) which can map seven bands 7-had neither MSS or TM but had ETM+(Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus) -seven bands+ an 8th band which is panchromatic 8-OLI(Operational Land Imager), which has similar capabilities to ETM+ - TIRS:Thermal infrared sensor, the instrument that aquires thermal imagery - 2 new bands aimed at monitoring clouds and coastal zones - so 3 new bands making 11

Y3 T1 Geography 222 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions