Final Exam Study Guide

Question 1

__________ about others are those made quickly and based on only a few bits of information and preconceived notions. On the other hand, ___________ require more controlled processing.

Answer 1

Snap judgements; systematic judgements

Question 2

Which of the following statements best represents the confirmation bias?

Answer 2

All of these are examples of the confirmation bias.

Question 3

Stereotypes are beliefs about an individual based on their:

Answer 3

Membership in a group

Question 4

Superordinate goals are one way to reduce intergroup hostility. The best definition for these types of goals is:

Answer 4

Goals that require two or more groups to work together to achieve mutual ends

Question 5

Assuming a person speeding on the freeway is probably just late for work is an example of what type of attribution?

Answer 5

External attribution

Question 6

Which of the following is the most accurate description of Rosenthal’s study on “academic blooming”:

Answer 6

Teachers were given names of students chosen at random and were told to expect them to do very well that year.

Question 7

Regina thought that Katie resembled The Plastics enough so they invited her to be a member of their group. They welcomed her into the ______________.

Answer 7

In-group

Question 8

Many Silicon Valley companies have been accused of _________________ based on the fact that they hire predominantly white males.

Answer 8

Discrimination

Question 9

“Old-fashioned” or __________ discrimination has declined in recent years.

Answer 9

Overt

Question 10

True or false : Authoritarianism was described in the text as being one of the sources of prejudice.

Answer 10

True

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT one of the principles of nonverbal communication?

Answer 11

It is always under the conscious control of the speaker.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT one of the common facial expressions recognized around the world?

Answer 12

Impatience

Question 13

When considering personal space, what distance do we tend to keep those people whom we have a close friendship?

Answer 13

18 inches to 4 feet

Question 14

When managing conflict, a “collaborating” style indicates that a person has a ___________ consideration for self and others.

Answer 14

High

Question 15

Aggressive communication is different from assertiveness in that aggressiveness:

Answer 15

Focuses on saying and getting what you want at the expense of others

Question 16

When it comes to emotion, there are culture-specific norms, called ___________________ , that govern the expression of emotion.

Answer 16

Display rules

Question 17

____________ of eye contact is the most meaningful aspect of this channel of nonverbal communication.

Answer 17

Duration

Question 18

Body language that implies a listener is paying attention to a speaker include all of the following except:

Answer 18

Touching the speaker often

Question 19

Most people tend to believe that they handle conflict ____________.

Answer 19

Badly

Question 20

Athena received some good advice on how to handle confrontation with her boyfriend which included all of the following except :

Answer 20

Include all of the past behaviors that have been upsetting

Question 21

The paradox of close relationships is that :

Answer 21

Relationships arouse intense feelings that are both positive and negative

Question 22

When your neighbor painted their house yellow and red, you hated it. Now, several months later, after passing it every day, you don’t mind it as much. This would be an example of:

Answer 22

The mere exposure effect

Question 23

Many relationships begin because of ____________________.

Answer 23

The proximity of the two people

Question 24

Even more than physical attractiveness, many people rate ___________________ as most important.

Answer 24

Intelligence

Question 25

Your friend Marlin said he feels like all women want is a guy’s money. When you asked him if he wants his girlfriends to be pretty, he said, “Of course!” You then explained to Marlin the theory called:

Answer 25

The “resource exchange” theory

Question 26

True or false : When making up with her friend after a fight, Samantha decided to take responsibility for her behavior and offer an apology. This action would constitute the REMEDY approach to relationship repair.

Answer 26

True

Question 27

Of the factors that contribute to heterosexual American males having less intimate same-sex relationships, which of the following was not on the list?

Answer 27

Because saying, “No homo” when hugging another man is offensive to gay men

Question 28

What are the two other elements of consummate love?

Answer 28

Intimacy and commitment

Question 29

The theory that proposes that people of similar levels of physical attractiveness gravitate towards each other is called the “_____________” hypothesis.

Answer 29

Matching

Question 30

Some of the most common reasons relationships end include all of the following except:

Answer 30

The realization that one is gay

Question 31

True/false: Sternberg’s theory of love is referred to as the quadrangular theory.

Answer 31

False: Sternberg’s theory is actually referred to as the “triangular” theory of love.

Question 32

Hazen and Shaver’s research indicates that how a person acts in adult relationships is impacted by their _________________ styles.

Answer 32

Attachment

Question 33

__________% of world cultures practice arranged marriages.

Answer 33

80

Question 34

The definition: “Aggression toward those who are in a close relationship with the aggressor” is best suited to which of the following:

Answer 34

Intimate partner violence

Question 35

Select which of the below is not one of the 6 stages of the family life cycle:

Answer 35

Switching families

Question 36

True/false: Polyamory is defined as having more than one spouse at a time.

Answer 36

False

Question 37

All were mentioned as predictors of marital success except:

Answer 37

Age of first sexual encounter

Question 38

Five communication patterns that are risk factors for divorce are: contempt, defensiveness, belligerence, criticism, and ________________.

Answer 38

Stonewalling

Question 39

Research shows that unhappy couples do which of the following:

Answer 39

All of these

Question 40

About half of all gay males in committed relationships have ________ sexual relationships.

Answer 40

Open

Question 41

The sexual orientation of children raised by gay or lesbian parents is usually:

Answer 41

Heterosexual (like the general population)

Question 42

Children who witness abuse are at risk for developing:

Answer 42

Anxiety and depression

Question 43

Ways a woman might protect herself from becoming a victim of date rape include all of the following except:

Answer 43

Only dating someone you know well

Question 44

Unemployment, drinking and drug problems, a tendency to anger easily, attitudes that condone aggression, and high stress are all factors that can increase the likelihood of:

Answer 44

Partner abuse