Final Exam Study Guide

Question 1

Define a secondary metabolite

Answer 1

• A compound that is not directly involved in the growth, reproduction, or photosynthesis of the plant
• Derived from primary metabolites
• Generally associated with defense from other organisms, attraction of pollinators and other symbiotes, and protection from environmental factors

Question 2

Know the basic structure of a simple phenolic

Answer 2

• Has a ring shape

Question 3

Know the basic structure of a tannin

Answer 3

Hydrolyzable

• Phenolic acids linked with ester bonds to a central sugar
• Very tightening feel on the tongue
• In Oak, Agrimony, and Uva Ursi

Condensed

• Polymers of flavon-3-ol molecules
• Green tea

Question 4

Know the basic structure of coumarins and furanocoumarins

Answer 4

Coumarins

• Phenolic group with 2 ring structure
• Can ferment and make dicoumarols (which gave the idea for warfarin), but they aren’t strong blood thinners on their own

Furanocoumarins
- Coumarins with a furano group attached

Question 5

Know the basic structure of chromones and furanochromones

Answer 5

Furanochromones
- Chromone with a furano group attached

Question 6

Know the basic structure of anthraquinones

Answer 6

• Double-bonded oxygens off each side
• Found in laxatives
• Often in glycoside form (**be able to pick out the glycone vs the aglycone in a picture)

Question 7

Know the basic structure of lignans

Answer 7

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Question 8

Know the basic structure of stilbenes

Answer 8

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Question 9

Know the basic structure of flavanoids

Answer 9

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Question 10

Know the basic structure of phenolic acids

Answer 10

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