Final Exam Study Guide Flashcards

Question

what are impressions

Answer 1

imprints left in rocks as remains are squeezed or destroyed

Answer 2

insects getting trapped in tree sap

Answer 3

tracks, or burrows

Answer 4

connections between rocks from different places: fossils---> connect to a period of time

Answer 5

used to establish ages of rocks

Answer 6

looking at isotopes and seeing how long they been broken down

Answer 7

1. Precambrian 2. Phanerozoic

Answer 8

1. Paleozoic: old life 2. Mesozoic : middle life 3.Cenozoic: new life

Answer 9

1. The Cambrian explosion: increased oxygen, start of predatory vs prey 2. The Great dying started the end of Paleozoic era

Answer 10

the start of the mesozoic- 17% of species survived, largest extinction event

Answer 11

dinosoruars, reptiles, marine recovery

Answer 12

The process by which water soaks into the ground

Answer 13

The sediments in a river that move along the bottom

Answer 14

AMOUNT OF PORE SPACE FOR WATER TO ACCUMULATE

Answer 15

ability for water to get to those pore spaces

Answer 16

carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide

Answer 17

in the burning of fossils fules: like cars

Answer 18

shown through livestock and rice fields)(burps from cattle's bacteria

Answer 19

shown through fertilizers, nitrogen in fertilizer breaks down over time)

Answer 20

Weather is short term, local atmospheric conditions climate is long term: season/ months

Answer 21

Proxy data is indirect evidence of past environmental condition Examples: glacial ice, seafloor sediments and fossils, fossil pollen, tree ringsm and oxygen isotopes

Answer 22

when the sun emits radiation(light plus heat), some radiation is reflected or emitted into space, some radiation gets absorbed and redistributed by greenhouse gases

Answer 23

Effects of climate change are warming oceans, sea level rise, extreme weather, suffering food and water supply, decline in public health, and climate inequity

Answer 24

Warming oceans result in habitat loss, redistribution, fishing disrupted, deoxygenation, and coral bleaching

Answer 25

What can we do?? drive less, take bus, reduce hot water usage, switch to energy efficent appliances, use water bottles, reduce plastic consumption, reduce meat consumption, and avoid fast fashion

Answer 26

heliocentric)

Answer 27

( mercury 1, Venus 2, earth 3, mars 4)

Answer 28

Jupiter 5, Saturn 6, Uranus 7, Neptune 8)

Answer 29

earth sat in center of spheres Spheres around the earth where the moon and sun rotate around the sun Idea that stars were just light coming through holes through the outermost sphere

Answer 30

Ptolemaic model Epicycles(mathematical complex patterns that planets moved around in)(weird trajectories)

Answer 31

Breakthrough using straightforward geometry and says that earth isnt in the center

Answer 32

geocentric e earth is at the center of the universe, and the planets, the sun and the moon, and the stars circles around it. heliocentric models consider the sun as the center, and the planets revolve around the sun.

Answer 33

gravity * pulls matter in thermal nuclear energy * pushes matter out

Answer 34

Big Bang Timeline 1 Second * universe = 10,000,000,000,000° C * quarks → protons, neutrons 3 Minutes * universe = 100,000,000° C * protons + neutrons → nuclei * electrons form ~300,000 Years * nuclei + electrons → atoms * big clouds of gas

Answer 35

Pedagogy: the theory or practice of education

Answer 36

PE’s - over-arching goals DCI’s - science topics CCC’s - recurring themes SEP’s - skills introduced / refined (graphing & statistics)

Answer 37

Gamification: the process of integrating game design elements and principles into non-game contexts, like education. The goal is to enhance engagement, motivation, and participation by making activities more enjoyable and interactive.

Answer 38

Bloom’s taxonomy: framework used to classify educational objectives and learning outcomes 1.Remember 2.Understand 3.Apply 4.Analyze 5.Evaluate 6.Create