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Plant Systematics > Final Exam Study Deck > Flashcards

Final Exam Study Deck Flashcards

1
Q

Crassulaceae

A

o Succulent

o CAM Photosynthesis

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2
Q

Saxifragaceae

A

o Panicle inflorescence with tiny flowers

o Simple leaves

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3
Q

Hamamelidaceae

A

o 2 carpels fused at the base

o Fruit = woody capsule

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4
Q

Euphorbiaceae

A

o Milky juice
o Cyathium
o Ex. Poinsetta and Cassava

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5
Q

Violaceae

A

o Zygomorphic flowers with spurred lower petal
o One locule
o Cleistogamous

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6
Q

Passifloraceae

A

o Colorful, showy flowers
o Parietal placentation
o Ex. Passionfruit

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7
Q

Geraniaceae

A

o 5 of everything
o Schizocarp fruit
o Ex. Cranesbill

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8
Q

Oxiladaceae

A

o 5 of everything except 10 stamens
o Fruit = berry
o Ex. Shamrock plant

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9
Q

Salicaceae

A

o Willows and Poplars
o Male and Female specific catkin inflorescences
o Salix→Asprin from capsule

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10
Q

Mimosoideae (Fabaceae)

A
  • Bipinnate leaves

* Actinomorphic flowers

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11
Q

Papilionoideae (Fabaceae)

A
  • Never pinnate leaves

* Zygomorphic flowers

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12
Q

Rosoideae (Rosaceae)

A
  • Herb

* Aggregate fruit (raspberry)

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13
Q

Prunoideae (Rosaceae)

A
  • Woody

* Drupe fruit

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14
Q

Maloideae (Rosaceae)

A
  • Woody

* Pome fruit from hypanthium (apple)

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15
Q

Cucurbitaceae

A

o Parietal/Axile Placentation

o Pepo Fruit

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16
Q

Ulmaceae

A

o Elm family

o Alternate, simple leaves

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17
Q

Moraceae

A

o Milky sap
o Syconium inflorescence
o Wasp pollinated

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18
Q

Fagaceae

A

o Beech Family
o Staminate inflorescence – catkin like spike/head for males and small group of flowers surrounded by involucre for females
o Nut fruit

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19
Q

Betulaceae

A

o Birch Family
o Long male catkins, shorter female catkins
o Tiny flowers

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20
Q

Brassicaceae

A

o Tetradynamous – 2 short and 4 tall stamens

o Special capsule fruit

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21
Q

Malvaceae

A

o Mucilage canals
o Stamen column
o Glandular hairs on flowers

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22
Q

Sterculiaceae

A

o Cocoa and Cola plants

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23
Q

Rutaceae

A

o Citrus Family
o Punctate and scented fruits/leaves
o Hesperidium fruit

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24
Q

Aceraceae

A

o Maple Family
o Opposite, simple leaves
o Samaroid Schizocarp fruit

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25
Hippocastanaceae
o Opposite, simple leaves with palmate venation o Large, showy flowers o Capsule fruit
26
Caryophyllaceae
o Opposite leaves with swollen nodes | o Free Central placentation
27
Chenopodiaceae
o Succulent o Tiny flowers enclosed in bracts o Single ovule o Ex. Quinoa, spinach, or beets
28
Cactaceae
o Succulent o CAM Photo. o Areoles with spines
29
Polygonaceae
o Stipules form sheathing ocrea o Triangular achene/nut (Buckwheat) o Some aquatic
30
Droseraceae
o Fly Trap and Sundews o Carnivorous plants o Plants triggered by multiple follicle hairs
31
Cornaceae
o Woody o Showy bracts around flowers o Drupe or berry fruit
32
Ericaceae
o Stamens with open pores o Acid tolerant o Some mycorrhizal
33
Polemoniaceae
o 5 of everything except 3 fused stigma lobes | o Radial symmetry
34
Apocyanaceae
o Milky sap | o Toxic
35
Asclepiadaceae
o Opposite, simple leaves o Milky sap o Stamens form a Corona
36
Boraginaceae
o Scorpioid cyme infloresence o Style may be gynobasic o Fruit = 1-4 nutlets
37
Solanaceae
o Contain alkaloids o Fruit = berry or capsule o Potato family
38
Lamiaceae
o Opposite leaves rotated 90 degrees o Verticillate inflorescence – whorled o Gynobasic style
39
Scrophulariaceae
o Perfect, bilabiate flowers (two-lipped) | o Some hemiparasitic
40
Apiaceae
o Alternate or basal leaves with sheathing petioles and oil tubules o Umbels of umbels inflorescence o Ex. Carrot family
41
Oleaceae
o 4 sepals/petals with 2 stamens | o Drupe or Samara fruit (Ex. Olive)
42
Aquilfoliaceae
o Dioecious flowers | o Bright colored druped (Ex. Holly)
43
Caprifoliaceae
o Opposite, simple or pinnately compound leaves o Stamens adnate to corolla o Ex. Honeysuckle
44
Heliantheae (Asteraceae)
* Radiate and Discoid heads * Chaffy (hairlike) receptacles * Ex. Sunflower
45
Asterae (Asteraceae)
* Often radiate heads * Usually small heads * Ex. Goldenrod
46
Calendulae (Asteraceae)
* Radiate heads * Staminate disk flowers, fruit producing ray flowers * No pappus
47
Lactuaceae (Asteraceae)
* Milky sap * All ligulate heads * Bristle/Scale pappus
48
Nymphaceae
* Waterlilly Family * Mainly aquatic with submerged rhizomes * Alternate, large leaves
49
Magnoliaceae
* Large, perfect, actinomorphic flowers (Many parts) * Trees and shrubs - Woody * Alternate, simple leaves
50
Piperaceae
* Pepper Family * Spike inflorescence (Reduced flowers) on dense vines * Drupe fruits
51
Rununculaceae
* Perfect, actinomorphic, with many sepals and petals and carpels * Alternate leaves, lobed/dissected or even compound * Ex. Buttercup (Waxy leaves)
52
Papaveraceae
* Milky sap * Perfect and usually actinomorphic flowers * Crumpled leaves * 2 Connate Carpels * Ex. Opium Poppy
53
Platanaceae
* Sycamore Family * Alternate, simple, and palmately lobed leaves * Monoecious, spherical inflorescence * Peeling bark * Achene fruit
54
Araceae
* Herbs, shrubs, vines * Alternate leaves, simple to compound, usually sheathing * Spadix inflorescence – Spike inflorescence surrounded by a spathe (single “leaf” that is a bract) * Berry fruit
55
Lemnaceae
* Duckweed Family * Extremely tiny aquatic plants * No leaves, tiny green thallus with one or two roots * Tiny spathe & spadix
56
Liliaceae
* Storage bulbs, rhizomes, corms * 3 of everything except 6 stamens with superior ovary * Usually perfect flowers with various infloresences * Ex. Lillies and Tulips
57
Agavaceae
* Agave Family * Usually rosette leaves * Fruit – capsule, berry, or samara
58
Alliaceae
* Onion Family (Lacrimony factor and sulfur smell) * Overlapping leaf bases * Raceme inflorescence
59
Amaryllidaceae
* Daffodil Family * Bulbs with characteristic alkaloids * Umbellate inflorescence * Radial symmetry * Inferior ovary (Difference between Liliaceae) * Some with corona
60
Iridaceae
* Iris Family * Equitant leaf arrangement (basal leaves) – fan shaped leaf arrangement * Perfect flowers with 3 of everything and 3 pollination units that act as their own flower
61
Orchidaceae
* Alternate or basal leaves with a fleshy stem (psuedobulb) * Perfect, zygomorphic with labellum petal * Pollen usually in waxy mass called a pollinia * Fruit – Capsule with many seeds (Ex. Vanilla)
62
Arecaceae (Palmae)
o Alt. leaves often in rosette arrangement (Most leaves found up top) o Simple to pinnately or palmately compound (Feather or Fan) o Superior ovaries that mature into a one seeded drupe fruit
63
Bromeliaceae
o Pineapple family o Alternate leaves in basal rosettes o Tiny flowers in a spike florescence surrounded by a showy bract o Multiple fruit
64
Musaceae
o Banana Family o Monoecious and imperfect flowers o Fruit – Elongated berry with a leathery exocarp (Ex. Banana)
65
Commelinaceae
o Spiderwort Family o Swollen nodes with juicy stems o Alternate with closed sheath o Perfect flowers, 3 of everything except 6 stamens (with hair)
66
Juncaceae
* Rush Family * Alternate and 3-Ranked * Open sheath with no ligule * Tiny perfect flowers – 3 of all except 3-6 stamens * Fruit – Capsule
67
Cyperaceae
* Sedge Family * Triangular stems with solid internodes * Alternate or basal leaves, 3-Ranked * No ligule and closed sheath * Tiny monoecious flowers in groups called spikelets
68
Poaceae
* Grass Family * Fruit – Caryopsis (Grain) – Seed and pericarp completely fused, similar to an achene * Stems round or flat, often with hollow internodes and swollen nodes * Alternate leaves, 2-Ranked

Plant Systematics (3 decks)

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