Final Exam - Romantic Era

Question 1

Romantic Era Dates

Answer 1

1830-1900

Question 2

Themes of the Romantic Era

Answer 2

Love, Fear, Death, Longing, Love of country

Question 3

Characteristics of the Romantic Era

Answer 3

Long musical lines
increased chromaticism
Increased use of prolonged dissonance & suspension in harmony

Question 4

Chromaticism

Answer 4

name given to the use of tones outside the major or minor scales

Question 5

Dissonance

Answer 5

discordant sounds, or lack of harmony in music

Question 6

What increased in the Romantic era?

Answer 6

the size of orchestras and the works written for them

Question 7

What was Hector Berlioz’s major piece?

Answer 7

Symphonie Fantastique

Question 8

Key details of Symphonie Frantastique

Answer 8

Composed in 1830- Kicking off Romantic era
5 movements

Question 9

Programmatic music

Answer 9

instrumental music that attempts to musically render an extramusical narrative

Question 10

5 Movements of Hector Berlioz Symphonie Fantastique

Answer 10

1. Daydreams- filled w passion and longing. The initial statement of the idee fixe.
2. A Ball- festive dance w many distractions but the image of his beloved disturbs his mind
3. Scene in the country- 2 shepherds play a duet. giving a sense of hope until one stops answering
4. March to the Scaffold- a drug fueled nightmare where the artist kills his beloved and watches his own execution.
5. Dream of Witches’ Sabbath- where a horriffic party of witches/monsters/ creatures gather for his funeral. The beloved appears grotesque.

Question 11

Idee Fixe

Answer 11

an idea or desire that dominates the mind; an obsession.

Question 12

Dies irae

Answer 12

Medieval Chant for the dead

Question 13

How did Hector Berlioz come up with Symphonie Fantastique?

Answer 13

inspired by his relationship with Irish actress Harriet Smithson

Question 14

antidote

Answer 14

a medicine taken or given to counteract a particular poison.

Question 15

Vial

Answer 15

a small container, typically cylindrical and made of glass, used especially for holding liquid medicine

Question 16

What composer wrote a piano transcription for Symphonie Fantastique?

Question 17

When was the piano transcription for Symphonie Fantastique written?

Question 18

What is a piano transcription?

Question 19

Who was Franz Liszt?

Answer 19

Virtuoso pianist who toured all over Europe who induced hysteria

Question 20

How did Franz Liszt earn a living?

Answer 20

Ticket sales alone!

Question 21

How often was Franz Liszt performing?

Answer 21

in 10 years he preformed over 1000 concerts, 3-4 per week in Europe

Question 22

What is it called when a composer takes another composer piece of music and writes it for their own instrument?

Question 23

Who inspired Franz Liszt?

Answer 23

Violin Virtuoso Niccolo Paganini

Question 24

Franz Liszt life notes

Answer 24

• Hungarian/
• pianist/composer 1811-1886
  -musical father he died when Franz was 15
  -began composing at 10
• very difficult works
• turned to religion in his life

Question 25

Romantic Era Themes in Franz Liszt work

Answer 25

Super Natural - Mephisto Waltz
love of country- Hungarian Rhapsody # 2.
Religion- two legends
love Liebestraum #3
death- From the Cradle to the Grave

Question 26

Clara Schumann

Answer 26

1819–1896
Famous German concert pianist, composer and music teacher, wife of the composer Robert Schumann, whose innovations in performance during a 60-year career helped to shape the standard modern-day piano repertory.

Question 27

Georges Bizet

Answer 27

a French composer of the Romantic era. Best known for his operas in a career cut short by his early death, Bizet achieved few successes before his final work, Carmen, which has become one of the most popular and frequently performed works in the entire opera repertoire.

Question 28

Carmen (composed 1875)

Answer 28

-Not so subtle themes of love
- Georges Bizet
- Bridged the gap between opera buffa and realism
- a searing depiction of a woman who craves love, but creates obsession and jealousy, is one of the most popular operas ever written.

Question 29

Opera Buffa

Answer 29

“comic opera”,is a genre of opera. It was first used as an informal description of Italian comic operas variously classified by their authors as commedia in musica, commedia per musica, dramma bernesco, dramma comico, divertimento giocoso.

Question 30

Claude Debussy (french)

Answer 30

-1862- 1918
-Most influential impressionist composer
-stubborn rebel
- Broke barriers by arranging notes in ways that has not been done before
- left his wife for a singer
- created large sweeping sounds like water in The Sunken Cathedral

Question 31

Maurice Ravel

Answer 31

• 1875- 1937
• coined an impressionist composer
• French father Spanish mother

https://www.classicfm.com/composers/ravel/guides/ravel-15-facts/joseph-ravel-2/

Question 32

Salon

Answer 32

where composers perform their music, likely on a piano. 19 Century romantic era

Question 33

Lied/Lieder

Answer 33

German work for Songs

Question 34

song cycle

Answer 34

set of related songs often on a romantic theme intended to form a single musical entity.

Question 35

impressionism

Answer 35

19 century France. music based on mood and atmosphere

Question 36

suspension

Answer 36

accented non chord tones occurring on downbeats.

Question 37

Tonality

Answer 37

character of a piece of music as determined by the key in which it is played

Question 38

Atonality

Answer 38

without tone.
Composers started to break notes free from their scales and traditional rules of harmony
chords were no longer consonant or dissonant
every note equally important.
“modern Art”
Arnold Schoenberg

Question 39

Indeterminate Music

Answer 39

Composing approach in which some aspects of a musical work are left open to chance or to the interpreters free choice. John Cage

Question 40

Prepared piano

Answer 40

has objects placed on or between the strings, or some strings returned to produce unusual tonal effect

Question 41

minimalism

Answer 41

use of limited resources (pitches, rhythm, instruments) Which change very slow over time