Final Exam Review

Question 1

Which location do most out of hospital cardiac arrest occur?

Answer 1

Homes

Question 2

What is the most common cause of cardiac arrests in children?

Answer 2

Respiratory failure or shock

Question 3

What is the 3rd link in the adult out-of-hospital chain of survival?

Answer 3

Rapid Defibrillation

Question 4

What is cardiac arrest?

Answer 4

when an abnormal rhythm develops and the heart stops beating expectantly.

Question 5

What is the first action you should take when arriving upon a victim in need of help?

Answer 5

Ensure the scene is safe for you and the victim

Question 6

A victim does not respond when you tap his shoulders and ask if he is OK, what is your next best action?

Answer 6

Shout for help nearby

Question 7

Several rescuers respond, and you ask them to activate the emergency response and retrieve the AED and emergency equipment. As you check for a pulse and breathing, you notice that the man is gasping for air and making snorting sounds. You do not feel a pulse. What is your next best action?

Answer 7

Start with high quality CPR, beginning with chest compression.

Question 8

What is the ratio of chest compression to breaths when providing CPR to an adult?

Answer 8

30 compression’s to 2 breaths

Question 9

What are the rate and depth of chest compressions on an adult?

Answer 9

A rate of 100 to 120 compressions per minute and a depth of at least 2 inches

Question 10

What action should you take when more rescuers arrive?

Answer 10

Assign tasks to other rescuers and rotate compressions every 2 minutes or more frequently if needed to avoid fatigue

Question 11

If you suspect that an unresponsive victim has head or neck trauma, what is the preferred method for opening the airway?

Answer 11

Jaw Thrust

Question 12

What is the most appropriate first step to take as soon as the AED arrives at the victims side?

Answer 12

Power on the AED

Question 13

Which step is one of the universal steps for operating an AED?

Answer 13

Placing the pads on the victims bare chest

Question 14

If a victim of cardiac arrest has an implanted pacemaker of defibrillator, what special steps should be taken?

Answer 14

Avoid placing the AED pads directly over the implanted device

Question 15

What action should you take when the AED is analyzing the heart rhythm?

Answer 15

Stand clear of the victim

Question 16

After performing high-quality CPR for 5 minutes, the team leader frequently interrupts chest compressions to check for a pulse even though the victim has no organized rhythm when the AED analyzes the rhythm. Which action demonstrates constructive intervention?

Answer 16

Suggest to resume chest compressions without delay

Question 17

The team leader asks you to perform bag-mask ventilation during resuscitation attempt, but you have not perfected that skill. What would be an appropriate action to acknowledge your limitations?

Answer 17

Tell the team leader that you are not comfortable performing that task

Question 18

What is the appropriate action to demonstrate closed-loop communication when the team leader assigns you a task?

Answer 18

Repeat back to the team leader the task you were assigned

Question 19

What is the correct compression-to-ventilation ratio for a single rescuer of a 3 year-old child?

Answer 19

30 compressions to 2 breaths

Question 20

What is the correct compression-to-ventilation ratio for a 7-year-old child when 2 of more rescuers are present?

Answer 20

15 compressions to 2 breaths

Question 21

For what age victim is the 2 thumb-encircling hands technique recommended when 2 or more rescuers are present?

Answer 21

An infant younger than 1 year

Question 22

What is the correct chest compression depth for a child?

Answer 22

At least one third the depth of the chest, or about 2 inches

Question 23

What is the correct chest compression depth for an infant?

Answer 23

At least on third the depth of the chest, or about 1 ½ inches

Question 24

What should you do when using an AED on an infant or a child less than 8 years of age?

Answer 24

Use adult pads if the AED does not have child pads

Question 25

If a manual defibrillator is not available for an infant victim, which action should you take?

Answer 25

Use an AED without a pediatric dose attenuator

Question 26

What is important to remember about AED pad placements on infant?

Answer 26

You may need to place 1 pad on the chest and 1 pad on the back, according to the diagrams on the pads

Question 27

Which victim would only need rescue breathing?

Answer 27

No breathing with a pulse

Question 28

How often should rescue breaths be given in infant and children when a pulse is present?

Answer 28

1 breath every 3-5 seconds

Question 29

Which action can rescuers perform to potentially reduce the risk of gastric inflation?

Answer 29

Delivering each breath over 1 second

Question 30

Which is the preferred technique for giving rescue breaths to an infant?

Answer 30

Mouth-to-mouth-and-nose

Question 31

What is not an example of an opioid?

Answer 31

Naloxone

Question 32

Your 27 year-old roommate uses opioids. You find him unresponsive with no breathing, but a strong pulse. You suspect an opioid-associated life-threatening emergency. A friend is phoning 911 and is looking for the naloxone auto injector. What action should you take?

Answer 32

Provide rescue breathing; 1 breath every 3-5 seconds

Question 33

You encounter unresponsive 56-year-old man who has been taking hydrocodone after a surgical procedure. He is not breathing and has no pulse. You notice that his medication bottle is empty. You suspect an opioid-associated life-threatening, emergency. A colleague activates the emergency response system and is retrieving the AED and naloxone, what is the most appropriate action for you to take next?

Answer 33

Begin CPR, starting with chest compressions

Question 34

Which is an example of a mild foreign-body airway obstruction?

Answer 34

Wheezing between coughs

Question 35

Which victim of a severe airways obstruction should receive abdominal thrusts?

Answer 35

An average-sized 27 year-old man

Question 36

You are performing abdominal thrusts on a 9-year-old child when e suddenly becomes unresponsive. After you shout for nearby help, what is the most appropriate action to take next?

Answer 36

Begin high quality CPR, beginning with chest compressions

Question 37

Steps for when arriving upon a victim?

Answer 37

1. Scene is safe 2. Shout-tap-shout 3. Call for nearby help 4. Check for breathing and pulse (5-10 sec) 5. Phone 911, get AED 6. Start CPR, beginning with chest compressions

Question 38

4 ways to spread a disease?

Answer 38

1. direct contact 2. Indirect contact 3. Vector borne 4. Air borne

Question 39

4 conditions which must be met in order for a disease to be spread?

Answer 39

1. pathogen 2. entry site 3. quantity 4. susceptible

Question 40

SAMPLE history

Answer 40

``` Signs & Symptoms Allergies Medications Past medical history Last oral intake Event prior ```

Question 41

5 steps for a unresponsive victim?

Answer 41

1. scene is saf e 2. shout-tap-shout 3. checking for breathing and pulse 4. phone 911 get AED 5. begin PR

Question 42

5 B's?

Answer 42

- bleeding - broken bones - burns - bites - Bling

Question 43

6 ways to move a person

Answer 43

- collar bone - foot drag - two person carry - walking assist - pack strap - blanket drag

Question 44

AED 7 steps

Answer 44

1. turn on 2. examine chest 3. apply pads 4. plug in 5. analyze/clear switch 6. shock/no shock 7. start CPR (begin with chest compression)