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Electronic Programming > Final Exam Review > Flashcards

Final Exam Review Flashcards

1
Q

MSO

A
  • Multiple system Operator
  • Most cable systems are owned by a big operator company that owns several.
  • Comcast being the largest
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2
Q

Designated Market Area’s

A
  • 400 to 500 households are measured in each DMA

- local audience measurements

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3
Q

Late Fringe

A
  • after primetime
  • 10:30pm and on
  • Kimmel, Leno, and Letterman
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4
Q

Edwin Armstrong

A

-Inventor of FM, frequency modulation

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5
Q

General Electric

A
  • up until about a year ago controlled NBC
  • now Comcast does.
  • In an article from twitter he said that Comcast was buying out the remaining 49% that GE held.
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6
Q

Repurposing

A
  • if you have all the properties you can take the content/programming you have and channel it to different areas
  • You can put it on cable, broadcasting, internet.
  • There is lots of ways to use the content and make money off if it.
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7
Q

Ratings

A
  • are computed by dividing the estimated number of households watching a particular program by the estimated number of households that have TVs.
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8
Q

Shares

A
  • are computed by dividing the estimated number of households watching a particular program (HUTS) by the estimated number of households that actually have their televisions turned on during the time period
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9
Q

Carnegie Comission

A
  • President Johnson appoints the Carnegie commission on educational television to study “educational broadcasting” in the US.
  • Recommendations: replace the term educational with public, provide federal government funding.
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10
Q

CBP Johnson

A
  • Corporation for Public Broadcasting formed to distribute grants to individuals and organiations for producing programs to CPB-qualified stations for operations and maintence.
  • Private corporation created ad funded by the federal government. Does not produce or distribute programs.
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11
Q

Super Stations

A
  • Created by Ted Turner

- Local stations that are distributed nationally

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12
Q

O.W.N.

A
  • Discovery Health was repurposed in the OWN when ratings were suffering
  • got highest ratings with Lance Armstrong interview
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13
Q

Ted Turner

A
  • bought a UHF station (later renames to WTBS) in Atlanta and put the signal on satellite and created the first Super Stations.
  • In 1980 he launched CNN which is now a division of Time Warner.
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14
Q

Vertical Integration

A
  • What you find with many big conglomerates.
  • Where they make the product, distribute product, and own the product.
  • They can sell it and re-sell it again.
  • Comcast, NBC, Universal Studios
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15
Q

ABC

A

: Paul Lee -> Ann Swinney -> Robert Iger -> Disney

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16
Q

NBC

A

Bob Greenblatt -> Stephen Burke -> Brian Voss -> Comcast

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17
Q

CBS

A

Nina Tesler -> Leslie Moonves -> Sumner Redstone -> National Amusement

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18
Q

FOX

A

Kevin Riley -> Rupert Murdoch -> NewsCorp

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19
Q

22 Episodes

A
  • typical broadcast network season

- Cable does 13

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20
Q

CSI

A

Jerry Bruchheimer

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21
Q

Clear Channel, San Antonio

A
  • Largest radio owner.
  • Based in San Antonio
  • Might be referred to as CC Holdings in some articles.
  • Lowry Mayes founded it, family is still involved (<- probably useless information)
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22
Q

Jeopardy Syndicated

A
  • King World

- Owned by CBS

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23
Q

KLRU

A
  • PBS Station
  • Austin
  • ACL
  • Willie Nelson
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24
Q

Blunting

A
  • Opposite of counter programming

- Scheduling a program with identical appeal to a competitor

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25
Q

Counter Programming

A
  • offer TV programs to attract an audience from another TV station that is airing a major event
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26
Q

Howard Stern

A
  • Highest paid individual
  • Works for Sirius Xm
  • Gets paid $100 million/yr
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27
Q

Off-Network Syndication

A
  • Shows that aired initially on the networks
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28
Q

Syndication # of Episodes

A
  • 66 episodes, 3 seasons worth
  • Needs to make 5 yrs. to be marketable in syndication
  • Which is a promise to get to 100 because you don’t want to get repeated
  • It needs to be able to be played everyday
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29
Q

Franchise Agreements

A
  • Applies for cable operators, for the system to be operational to go into business they have to figure out a way to get the shows and channels to you.
  • To get the cable to you that have to dig up “right always” or put up poles and the local governments control that.
  • Nature has changed over the past 5 years because telephone companies who already have the poles and infrastructure already have it all and do not have to go to the local government.
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30
Q

Marketable Off-network Syndication

A

?

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31
Q

Churn Rate

A
  • College markets have a huge churn rate with people leaving quite frequently, unstable for cable systems
  • Subscribers coming and going.
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32
Q

114 million households

A
  • Neilson ratings says that nationally 114 million households have television.
  • They use this number in calculating their national ratings. Apart of the calculation.
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33
Q

Appointment Viewing

A
  • if you wanted to watch a show you better be in front of the TV when it comes on.
34
Q

VCR, DVR, On Demand, Online

A
  • so now we have plenty of ways to access a show whenever we want to see it.
35
Q

Largest Cable System Operator

A
  • Comcast is the largest with 22.9 million subscribers
36
Q

February and July Viewership

A
  • February
  • Highest viewing rates
  • July
  • Lowest viewing rates
37
Q

ESPN

A
  • among the cable channels available this one collects the most in subscription fees.
  • Has high attention programming, and loyal followers.
  • Owned by Disney.
38
Q

Ken Burns

A
  • PBS
  • Makes award winning documentary’s for public television
  • Civil war being the most prominent but he continues year after year
39
Q

Early Fringe

A
  • Right before primetime 4:00-6:00
  • It is important for local broadcasters because they want to put something relatives popular there to promote their newscast
  • Was Oprah for awhile, now Ellen
40
Q

I Love Lucy

A
  • 1953
  • Three camera technique
  • First successful syndicated product shot on film.
  • Had the highest rated episode of all time, got over 70% of all households.
  • Lucille Ball and Desi Arnez (he was executive producer).
  • Also created Star Trek and Mission Impossible
41
Q

Voice Tracking

A
  • Technique used at radio stations now where they have their voices, air personalities, in maybe a half our/45 minutes and they do an entire show.
  • They do their “bits”.
  • It is a way for broadcasters to now pay less to get more.
  • Con: it isn’t live and as spontaneous as it use to be.
42
Q

DirecTV

A

Satellite

43
Q

Alex Trebek

A

Jeopardy

44
Q

ASCAP, BMI, SESAC

A
  • Radio
  • Composers write songs and they want to be paid for those songs. We have these groups called ASCAP, BMI, SESAC.
  • They collect money from radio stations and other venues such as bars, or anywhere that music is preformed.
  • Royalties should be paid. They collect it and disperse the money to the composers.
45
Q

Reginald Fessenden

A
  • First broadcaster
  • Brant Rock, Massachusetts.
  • December 24, 1906
  • Played a phonograph record
  • Read from the book of Luke
  • Played violin.
  • He advertised it prior.
46
Q

Non-commercial Cable Networks

A
  • Government
  • Community
  • Religious
47
Q

Focus Group

A
  • 10 to 12 people in a group
  • They preview a show, then talk about the show, then a report is written up about the show.
  • A facilitator in the room leads the way for discussion. Sometimes they do 5 or 6 focus groups for one show.
  • Networks use it to get feedback.
  • This and Q’s are helpful for a network executive because it helps determine direction of a show.
  • They are inaccurate because they are not randomly chosen usually people who have free time in Vegas or LA.
48
Q

Fairness Doctrine

A
  • 1987
  • It was repealed and is no longer in effect.
  • Before 1987 if you covered controversial issues to the public you had to be fair and balanced with it and be sure that both sides were mention.
  • You could not go on for hours talking about the republican side and not the democratic side.
  • Since then we have had a rise of radio stations that tilt one way of the other
49
Q

Wheel of Fortune

A
  • # 1 syndicated show (as far as game shows are concerned)
  • It is not something that networks air
  • Local stations pick it up and chose where to air it in their particular market
  • Pat Seajack and Vanna White
50
Q

Broadbased

A
  • Channels like TNT, fX, TBS, and USA
51
Q

Narrowcasting

A
  • Cable programmers

- Channels like MTV, Spike, Lifetime, and Oxygen

52
Q

Hammocking

A
  • an unpopular/new program is scheduled in between two popular programs in hopes that the viewers will watch it
53
Q

Oprah WInfrey

A

OWN network, filled the 4-6 slot

54
Q

First-run Syndication

A
  • shows that have not aired on the networks and are being shown for the first time on local stations
55
Q

A La Carte

A
  • cable subscribers, multi channel subscribers, would pick and choose what networks they are allowing into their homes and are paying only for that, with a hope that they would pay less (probably not)
56
Q

Law & Order

A
  • Dick Wolf

- dates aired?

57
Q

Problems with Nielsen Rating

A
  • under-representation of viewing audience

- difficulty in operating meters, fatigue, lack of cooperation, studies and investigations, programming aberrations.

58
Q

Vladimir Zworykin

A
  • Pioneer of television technology
  • invented the Iconoscope (1923) and the Kinescope (1929)
  • worked for RCA
59
Q

Sweeps

A
  • The period each season when ratings are in and studied and advertising is reset
60
Q

H.U.T.S

A
  • Households Using Television.

- Used in calculating ratings and shares by Neilsen

61
Q

“What Hath God Wrought?”

A
  • Baltimore, Washington

- first morse code sent

62
Q

Time Warner

A
  • CW, HBO, TBS
63
Q

Local News

A

-Largest Local TV department

64
Q

Voice Tracking

A
  • common form of syndication.

- It enables one radio personality to be heard on several stations.

65
Q

Don Imus

A
  • Shock Jock who got fired by MSNBC and CBS radio
  • had a simulcast morning show for many years.
  • He created a fury after he had derogatory comments about the Rudkers Woman’s Basketball team after their loss in the championship game against the University of Tennessee.
  • Brought him up when internal and external influences on programming were talked about.
  • Case of pressure groups reacting to something they had seen in the media and telling advertisers to drop his show.
66
Q

MAS*H

A
  • # 1 watched episode recorded.
  • 2 hour final, will never be surpassed
  • 106 million viewers.
67
Q

Rush Limbaugh

A
  • has a lucrative contract with Premiere Radio.
  • In 2000 he signed an 8 year contract worth 250 million.
  • Also received a 35 million signing bonus.
  • His program is heard by an estimated 12-20 million people a week on 600 different stations.
68
Q

Prime-time Access

A
  • Refers to that time period between 6:00-7:00 central time.
  • Prime time is considered 6:00-10:00 60% of viewing happens in this time period.
  • The first hour of primetime is for local stations (they charge high rates in the time and usually show news)
69
Q

Willie Nelson

A
  • PBS, because he was on the very first Austin City Limits.
  • Public Television relies on local stations to provide much of the programming.
  • Was on the inaugural broadcast.
70
Q

Counter Programming

A

offer TV programs to attract an audience from another TV station airing a major even

71
Q

Blunting

A
  • opposite of counter programming; scheduling a program with identical as a competitor
72
Q

Bridging

A
  • making shows last over time so people have no choice but to stay on that network; if they do flip channels they’ll miss the first few minutes of that show
73
Q

Stacking

A

a technique used to develop audience flow by grouping together shows with similar appeals to “sweep” the viewer along from one show to the next

74
Q

Cross-programming

A
  • the interaction of two shows; dragging the storyline over two episodes of two different programs
75
Q

Stripping

A

running a syndicated TV series every day of the week at the same time

76
Q

Stunting

A

scheduling specials, adding guest stars, major plot twist, etc.

77
Q

Repurposing

A

a show will run on one medium (broadcast) then run on another (cable or internet)

78
Q

Hammocking

A

an unpopular/new show is scheduled between two popular programs in hopes that the viewer will watch it

79
Q

Dayparting

A
  • the practice of dividing the day into several parts, during each of which a different type of programming appropriate for that time is aired; geared towards a particular demographic and target audience
80
Q

Seemlessness

A

starting one series directly after the other ends; starting the program before running any opening credits to draw the viewers in

81
Q

Blocking

A

putting a block of similar programs together

82
Q

Cumes

A

cumulative audience; total non-duplicated audience for one program or series

Electronic Programming (1 decks)

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