Final Exam Review Flashcards by Emily Horton

Important industries in Southern Europe

Automobiles, clothing, textiles, biotechnology

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Social welfare system

EU, regulates political and economic decisions for allied countries, other countries use socialism which is fully based and run by the citizens

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Alps

Mountain range located in Northern Italy, Switzerland, Austria and France

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Yugoslavia’s breakup

Dissolved in 1991, when Slovenia and Croatia declared independence starting a decade of conflict within the area

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Berlin Wall

Wall that splits Germany after WW2

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Dividing line between Europe and Asia

Ural Mountains

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Economy in which a centralized government makes all of the country’s economic policy decisions

European Union

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Region known for its frigid temperatures and natural resources

Nordic countries (Sweden, Finland, Norway)

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Continentality

Where the distance from the ocean effects the country’s weather

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Cold War

Soviet state set up communist governments all over Eastern Europe, communism goals were to spread communism, build a military and explore space, WARSAW pact peace treaty settles Europe and Soviet Union

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Name given to Europe and Asia when referred to as one continent

Eurasia

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Body of water severely damaged because of poorly planned irrigation policies

Aral Sea

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States in Transcaucasia

Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan

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Africa’s economic situation since the 1960s

Poor economy because mother countries have used up all natural resources and haven’t invested in infrastructure

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Africa’s valuable resources

Diamonds, gold, copper, salt, iron, wood

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Egypt’s water source

Nile River

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Deforestation causes in Africa

Need space for farmland, need space for over population, need lumber for houses

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Results of colonialism in Africa

Darfur and Rwanda genocide

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Africa’s highest peak

Mt Kilimanjaro

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Suez Canal

Man made waterway that connects the Mediterranean Sea and Red Sea

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Government controlled by religious leaders

Theocracy

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2 ethnic groups involved in a civil war over control of Jerusalem

Israelis and Palestinians

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Systems necessary for large scale farming in SW Asia

Drop irrigation, creating dams, desalination

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Human resources

The skilled working people of a country

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Structure where Muslims worship

Mosque

Stateless nation in SW Asia

Kurds

Pilgrimage site in SW Asia

Jordan River, golden dome, church of Gethsemane, Dome of the Rock, Western Wall, Holy Sepulture

Purpose of OPEC

To control the Middle East's oil, which controls gas prices in the US

Founder of Islam

Muhammad

Taliban characteristics

Leader is Omar, invaded Northern Pakistan, Muslim Terrorist group

Strategic commodity

A commodity that is so valuable that other countries are willing to fight over it

Brain drain

Educating the people of a country, to have them leave for more education instead of staying and benefitting their own country

Diversification

Having sources of economy in different countries so you are not depending on one country's exports in case they fail

Storm surge

The rising of the sea that is an effect of the changes of the atmosphere

Source of political tensions between India and Bangladesh

The partition of India

Constitutional monarchy

A ruling family follows a written form of a constitution

Ability to read

Literacy rate

Government of India encourages what kind of government

Democracy, teaches people to be pro-democratic

Social class system in India

Caste system which separates the people by their skin color and economic status

Institution needed to reduce birth rates

Higher quality infrastructure, education

India's major religion

Hinduism

Ramadan

Muslim ritual where they fast for one month

Reason for high birth rates

Poor infrastructure, disease, uncleanliness

Estuary

Part of a mouth of a river that empties out into the ocean, mixing fresh and salt water

Ghandi's protest movement

Non-violence resistance to fight for India's independence from Great Britain

Basic necessity

Food, water, air

Monsoons

Seasonal winds

Population location for Japan

East and west coasts mainly for farmland and trade

Population location for China

East coast, away from mountains/desert, best farmland, access to water, trade ports

Volcanic areas for East Asia

Countries located on the ring of fire (Japan)

Positives about building Three Gorges Dam

+largest hydroelectric dam in the world +consistent water supply +ships can travel +provides electricity for the surrounding community

Negatives about building Three Gorges Dam

- floods factories (chemicals get in water) - people have to relocate/move - towns flood - animal habitats are destroyed - new breeding ground for mosquitos

Tsunami

A large wave created from the movement of tectonic plates in the ocean

Consequences of building in an earthquake-prone area

Buildings could collapse, resulting in the death of many people

Shogun

Japanese prime minister

Spheres of influence

The outside countries/cultures that influence East Asia

Dynasty

A family that rules until a natural disaster happens

Samurai

Equivalent to a knight

Chiang Kai-Shek

Formed a pro-democracy "Nationalist party" that later fled to Taiwan to flee from Mao

Mao Zedong

Communist dictator who industrialized China, terrorized people and denied basic human rights to the people

Deng Xiaoping

Tried to deMAOize China and gave capitalism to the people

Term for a group of islands in the Pacific

Archipelago

Stolen generation

When the British were in Australia, they stole native children and forced them to adopt western culture

Location of US bomb testing in the Pacific

Bikini atoll

Rapid urbanization effects

Unplanned growth, urbanization, pollution, more crime, more poverty

Terra Nulius

Philosophy that states that if you are using the land, you claim that land, but if you aren't using the land, then it's unclaimed land

Reason the US got involved in the Vietnam War

Containment policy, US tried to stop communism

Archipelago

A group of islands in the pacific

Reason for agricultural problems in Australia

Over population of rabbits are eating crops

CFC effect

It destroyed the ozone layer

ASEAN

Economic cooperation for south east Asia, Oceania, free trade zone, like NAFTA

Ring like island

Atoll

Why Australia's population is on the east side

Best farmland, flat land, trade ports