Final Exam Review Flashcards
Chronic means __________________.
the conditions last a long period of time
Dementia is ___________________.
the loss of mental abilities, such as thinking, remembering, reasoning, and communicating
To be empathetic means to __________________.
care about other people’s problems
Know the members of the care team.
- Resident (most important) - Resident’s family - Nurse (RN/LPN) - Advanced Practice Nurse (APRN) - Physician or Doctor - Medical Social Worker - Physical Therapist - Occupational Therapist - Dietitian - Speech-Language Pathologist - Activities Director - CNA
The chain of command describes ___________________.
the line of authority in the facility
Giving holistic care means caring for ________________.
treating the body as a “whole”, not dividing the system up in parts (physical, social, emotional, intellectual, and spiritual
Is the nurse aide allowed to discuss the resident’s condition with one of the resident’s family members? __________ Why or why not? ____________.
No, it is best to get the nurse
Are nurse aides allowed to accept tips or gifts from residents or their family members or friends? _______________
No
The Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA) requires that nursing assistants complete at least _____ hours of training.
75 hours
Scope of practice – you must have a general knowledge of what is, and what is not, within the NAI’s scope of practice.
Specifies the tasks nursing assistants are legally permitted to perform as allowed by state or federal law - Provide better uniformity of care - Promote educational standards
Explain Residents’ Rights * A resident’s complaints should be taken seriously and should be reported to the nurse.
Specify how residents must be treated while living in a facility Right to: - Quality of life - Services and activities to maintain a high level of wellness - be fully informed about rights and services - participate in their own care - privacy and confidentiality - dignity, respect and freedom - security of possessions - during transfers and discharges - complain - visits - regard to social services
Assault is ____________________
threatening to touch a person without his or her consent
Battery is ____________________________
a person is actually touched without his or her consent
Negligence is ____________________________
actions, or a failure to act or give proper care, that result in injury to a person
What does it mean to be a mandated reporter?
people who are required to report suspected or observed abuse or neglect because they have regular contact with vulnerable populations, such as the elderly in long-term car facilities
An ombudsman is ________________________.
legal advocate for residents - advocates for Residents’ Rights - Educates consumers and care providers - Investigates and resolves complaints (with police, Adult Protective Services, and Health Departments) - Appears in court or legal hearings - Gives information to the public
The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) was passed to protect ______________________________
the privacy of patients’ health information - identifies (PHI) protected health information that mus remain confidential - facilitate the transfer of PHI for payment and research needs
What is a root word?
main part of the word that gives it meaning
What is a prefix?
the front of the word
What is a suffix?
found at the end of the word
Know how to convert regular time (12 hour clock) into military time (24 hour clock).
Example: 10:30 pm - 22:30
To correct a mistake in a medical record the nurse aide should ___________________
Draw a line through it, write the correct information, write your initials and the date * Do not erase or use correction fluid
What is a care plan?
a written plan for each resident; outlines the steps taken by the staff to help the resident reach his or her goals
Who writes the care plan?
nurse, using data collected from the resident, their family, and care team members
Where should the call signal be left?
within the resident’s reach before leaving the room
When communicating with a non-ambulatory resident in a wheelchair the nurse aide should ___________.
position him/herself at eye level to the resident.
Guidelines for Professional Behavior (Recognize what is, and what is not, professional behavior)
- Neatly dressed - Do not discuss personal problems with residents - Be on time - Avoid unnecessary absences - Never leave early without permission - No drugs/alcohol use before reporting to work - Keep a positive attitude - No gossiping - Speak politely to all persons in the facility - Address residents, family members, and visitors the way they want to be addressed (avoid honey, dear, or sweetie) - Do not curse - Keep resident information confidential - Follow all policy and procedures - Report concerns or problems to your supervisor - Meet and maintain all educational requirements - Ask questions when you do not understand something - Be honest. Document and report carefully and truthfully - Accept constructive criticism - Do not accept tips or gifts - Be loyal to your facility - Be a positive role model
Advanced directives are ________________.
legal documents that allow people to decide what kind of medical care they wish to have if they are unable to make those decisions themselves - can designate someone else to make medical decisions for a person if that person is disable - Examples: living will, power of attorney, DNR
DNR stands for ___ _____ ____________. A resident’s DNR orders must be respected by the staff regardless of their personal feelings.
do-not-resuscitate
Verbal communication is _________________.
communication involving the use of spoken or written words or sounds
Is a written note verbal communication?
yes
Nonverbal communication consist of _________________.
communicating without using words - body language - posture - body movements - facial expressions - gestures
Explain barriers to communication
when residents have trouble understanding or using verbal communication
Never speak to a resident as though they are a child.
A violation of the resident’s right to dignity and respect
Resident’s Rights - Confidentiality
Do not share observations you gather about residents with anyone other than the care team.
When is it appropriate to use medical terminology and abbreviations?
when communicating with the care team
Objective information is ______________.
information based on what you see, hear, touch, or smell; it is collected using four of the five senses: sight, hearing, smell, and touch * also called “signs”
Subjective information is ________________.
information collected from something that residents or their families reported to you, may or not be accurate; you can’t or did not observe *also called “symptoms”
ADLs
activities of daily living
amb
ambulatory
BID, b.i.d.
two times a day
BM
bowel movement
BP, B/P
blood pressure
c (may have line on top)
with
c/o
complains of
Dx, dx
diagnosis
h, hr
hour
H2O
water
I&O
intake and output
inc
incontinent
isol
isolation
IV
intravenous (within vein)
meds
medications
min
minute
mL
milliliter
NKA
no known allergies
min
minute
meds
medications
mL
milliliter
NPO
nothing by mouth
PPE
personal protective equipment
pr.n., prn
when necessary
q2h, q3h, etc.
every 2 hours, every 3 hours, and so on
q.h., qh
every hour
s (line on top)
without
stat
immediately
T, temp
temperature
TID, t.i.d.
three times a day
TPR
temperature, pulse, and respiration
v.s., VS
vital signs
w/c, W/C
wheelchair
Know how to communicate with a patient who is visually and/or hearing impaired. For example, if a patient is hearing-impaired, from what direction should the nurse aide approach the patient? ____________ If a patient is visually impaired how can the nurse aide explain the position of objects? ______________________
from the front using the face of a clock
Is shouting an effective way of communicating with a resident who is hearing impaired?
No, use a low tone of voice
What is a defense mechanism?
unconscious behaviors used to release tension and/or help a person cope with stress
Be able to list the various defense mechanisms and explain each one.
Denial Displacement Projection Rationalization Repression Regression
Denial
Blocking reality; rejecting the thought or feeling Example: a resident refuses to believe his diagnosis of cancer
Displacement
Transferring a strong feeling to a less threatening object Example: a resident who is mad at her aunt yells at the nursing staff
Projection
Seeing feelings in others that are actually one’s own Example: a staff member says that a resident does not like her
Rationalization
Making excuses to justify something Example: an elderly man fails a driving test and says the test was “unfair”
Repression
Blocking painful events or feelings from the mind Example: a woman can’t recall abuse she suffered as a child
Regression
Going back to behavior from the past for comfort Example: a resident who is stressed starts to rock back and forth
Guidelines: Anxiety or Fear
- Greet the resident when entering the room - Identify yourself before touching patient - speak softly - speak slowly and calmly - listen to the resident - be patient - ask gentle questions - be empathetic - avoid demanding behavior - reassure the resident that they are safe
What is depression?
a mental illness that causes withdrawal, lack of energy, and loss of interest in activities, as well as other symptoms
Guidelines: Depression
- Be pleasant, respectful, and supportive - Use touch if it helps comfort the resident - Sit down and listen carefully - lean forward and keep good eye contact - think before you speak, empathize with patient’s feelings - use a normal tone of voice when speaking - talk about feelings if resident wishes - encourage social interaction
Guidelines: Angry Behavior
- Be pleasant and supportive - try to find out the cause - watch the resident’s body language - think before you speak - do not argue with an angry resident - stay calm - use a normal tone of voice - treat the resident with dignity and respect - answer call lights promptly - if anger increases, get the nurse immediately - stay a safe distance away if resident becomes violent - try to involve resident in activities such as taking a walk or listening to music
What is the difference in assertive and aggressive behavior?
Assertive: being confident when dealing with other people, expressing thoughts and feelings in a direct, honest, and respectful way Aggressive: expressing thoughts and feelings in a way that humiliates or overpowers another person, does not show respect for the needs or feelings of others
What does the word combative mean?
violent or hostile
Guidelines: Combative Behavior
- call nurse immediately - keep yourself and others at a safe distance - stay calm - be reassuring - try to find out what triggered the behavior - do not respond to insults - follow directions of the nurse - report facts you know - when anger passes, sit with the resident for awhile to provide comfort
Know about the resident’s right to be sexually active.
they have the right to make choices about sex
Guidelines: Inappropriate Sexual Behavior include: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
- Do not overreact 2. Listen to the resident if he or she wants to talk 3. Do not judge the behavior 4. Watch for problems that may appear to be inappropriate behavior: rash, clothing too tight, too hot, or too scratchy, resident may need to use bathroom 5. Always report inappropriate behavior
Guidelines: Comatose Resident
- introduce yourself when entering the room - explain each procedure you will be performing. List the steps you will take - Do not hold personal discussions while caring for a comatose resident - Announce when you are going to leave the room
