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US History > Final Exam Review > Flashcards

Final Exam Review Flashcards

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1
Q

What negative consequences to American society did Carnegie cause?

A

Destroyed other American businesses

Supplied low income to other families

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2
Q

What positive contributions did Carnegie have towards American society?

A

Boasted economy
Helped railroad production
Provided jobs and steel for America

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3
Q

What economic innovations helped Rockefeller help the US expand?

A

Standard oil
Made oil
Created monopolies and trusts (united with other businesses illegally)

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4
Q

What negative consequences did Rockefeller cause in American society?

A

Destroyed other American businesses

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5
Q

What positive contributions did Rockefeller have on American society?

A

Boasted economy

Provided oil and jobs

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6
Q

Nativism

A

People who only liked native born people not foreigners

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7
Q

New immigrants

A

People who traveled a great distance to come to America for jobs, money, freedom, etc.

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8
Q

Many native born America’s resented the new immigrants for what economic reasons?

A

They were taking their jobs because they worked for lower wages.

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9
Q

Many native born Americans resented the new immigrants for what social and religious reasons?

A

Some of them weren’t Christian

They believed immigrants were beneath them

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10
Q

Chinese exclusion act of 1907

A

Japan was limited of unskilled workers entry into the US

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11
Q

Corporation

A

Large business

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12
Q

Robber baron

A

A ruthlessly powerful us capitalist/industrialist of the late 19th century considered to have become wealthy by exploiting natural resources, corrupting legislators, or other unethical means

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13
Q

Laissez faire

A

Allow to do ( part of social Darwinism)

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14
Q

Social Darwinism

A

An economic and social philosophy supposedly based in the biologist Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection holding that a system of untrained competition will ensue the survival of the fittest.

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15
Q

What factors were responsible for the rapid industrial growth in the late 1800s?

A

Growing market
Creative ideas
Natural resources

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16
Q

What economic innovations helped us industry expand for Andrew Carnegie?

A

Developed steel

Vertical and horizontal integration (buying out competitors and suppliers)

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17
Q

Plessy vs. ferguson 1896

A

A case in which the Supreme Court ruled that separation of the races in public accommodations was legal, thus establishing the separate but equal doctrine

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18
Q

Inflation

A

An increase in prices or decline in purchasing power caused by an increase in the supply of money

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19
Q

Bryan

A

Populist candidate in the 1896 election who lost to republican McKinley; said famous speech The Cross of Gold

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20
Q

Populist party

A

Political party that believed that people have a greater voice in the govt. and seeking to advance the interests of farmers and laborers

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21
Q

Why was overproduction a problem for the American farmer in the 1890s?

A

It ruined the soil, and no one needed much food, so it was wasted.

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22
Q

What did Bryan promise to do during the election campaign of 1896?

A

He promised the silver standard (more money in circulation for more people, bymetalism, value of money decreases, protects lower class, and prices rise).

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23
Q

Trust

A

Illegal mergers to gain control of businesses and strike it rich

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24
Q

Suffrage

A

Right to vote

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25
Q

Initiative

A

A procedure by which a legislative measure can be originated by the people rather than by lawmakers

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26
Q

Referendum

A

A procedure by which a proposed legislative measure can be submitted to a vote of the people.

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27
Q

Recall

A

A procedure for removing a public official for office by a vote of the people

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28
Q

Muckraker

A

One of the magazine journalists who exposed the corrupt side if business and public life in the early 1900s.

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29
Q

Nationalism

A

A devotion to the interests and culture of ones nation.

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30
Q

Militarism

A

The policy of building up armed forces in aggressive preparedness for war and their use as a tool of diplomacy.

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31
Q

Alliances

A

A formal agreement or union between nations

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32
Q

What event lead to the fighting of WWI in 1914?

A

The assassination of Franz fernandid

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33
Q

What was the US,s reaction to WWI?

A

Stay neutral

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34
Q

What event lead to the US entry into WWI in 1917?

A

The Zimmerman note or a message sent in 1917 by the german foreign minister to the ambassador in Mexico proposing a German mexican alliance and promising to help Mexico regain NM and AZ if the US entered WWI.

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35
Q

How did the US entree into WWI affect African Americans?

A

Caused the great migration, which was when AA moved north for job opportunity.

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36
Q

How did the US entree into WWI affect immigrants?

A

Banned to enter due to danger

Immigrants in America were treated worse due to war with their country

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37
Q

How did the US entree into WWI affect women?

A

Women took he men’s job as they went off to war, this gave them a chance to step

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38
Q

Why were the espionage (1917) and sedition act (1918) passed?

A

This way no one would get away with speaking badly about the war because thy would be punished.

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39
Q

Why did the Supreme Court uphold the espionage and sedition acts in the case of Schneck vs. US?

A

Schneck spoke badly about US and WWI in order to convict him they needed to use this acts to provoke his free of speech.

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40
Q

What did president Wilson’s 14 points say about secret alliances and treaties?

A

They were not allowed

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41
Q

What did president Wilson’s 14 points say about freedom of the seas?

A

They should be maintained for all.

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42
Q

What did president Wilson’s 14 points say about arms reduction?

A

They should be reduced to the lowest possible, so they have backup.

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43
Q

What did president Wilson’s 14 points say about self determination?

A

They lead to boundary changes due to distinct ethnical groups that were to form their own nation or stated or decide for themselves where they wanted to go.

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44
Q

What did president Wilson’s 14 points say about a League of Nations?

A

It should be made to provide a forum for nations to discuss and settle their grievances without acing to resort to war.

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45
Q

The Allies feared the rise of Germany and wished to punish her. How was this achieved in the Treaty of Versailles?

A

They had to pay for damages (reparations)

Barred from maintaining an army

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46
Q

Many Americans feared that the League of Nations would entangle the US in future foreign wars who led the opposition to passage of the Treaty of Versailles?

A

Henry Lodge

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47
Q

What was the inal verdict regarding US support of the League of Nations?

A

Americans didn’t support it, so the US never joined, however it was still created.

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48
Q

Sacco and Vanzetti trial

A

Anarchists (people who believed in no form of government) who were killed after being set on trail of a theft that had very little evidence.

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49
Q

Red scare

A

Fear of communists

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50
Q

Quota system

A

A system that sets limits on how many immigrants from various countries a nation will admit each year

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51
Q

Flappers

A

Women with short skirts and shorter hair who had money and liked to have fun in the 1920s.

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52
Q

Scopes trial

A

A sensational 1925 court case in which the biology teacher John T. Scopes was tried for challenging a TE law that outlawed the teaching of evolution.

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53
Q

Lost Generation

A

Literary movement that focused on sadness darkness, and at life is meaningless, impacted by WWI

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54
Q

Harlem Renaissance

A

A flowering of AA artistic creativity during the 1920s, centered in the Harlem community in NYC

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55
Q

Margin Buying

A

Buying securities with cash borrowed from a broker

56
Q

Credit Purchases

A

Bought using credit or money they didn’t have, and they planned to pay later

57
Q

Why did the Stock Market Crash bring an end to the prosperity of the 1920s?

A

They owed credit and didn’t have money

58
Q

Dust bowl

A

The region, including TX, OK, KA, CO, and NM, that was made worthless for farming by drought and dust storms during the 1930s.

59
Q

Bonus army

A

A group of WWI veterans and their families who marched in Washington DC, in 1932 to demand the immediate payment of a bonus they had been promised for military service.

60
Q

Hoovervilles

A

Slanty towns that had nothing

61
Q

New Deal

A

Plan for fighting the Great Depression using the government by using the 3 R’s

62
Q

3 R’s

A

US needs this to overcome the Great Depression

63
Q

Relief

A

Direct assistance to people in need (short term)

64
Q

Recovery

A

Getting American businesses back to normal; economy

65
Q

Reform

A

Changing laws to prevent another Great Depression (long term)

66
Q

Who did the National Industrial Recovery Act help?

A

American Businesses

67
Q

What kind of organization was the National Industrial Recovery Act?

A

Recovery

68
Q

Who was the Agricultural Adjustment Act help?

A

Farmers

69
Q

What kind of organization was the Agricultural Adjustment Act?

A

Relief

70
Q

Who did the Securities Exchange commission help?

A

Stock holders

71
Q

What kind of organization was the Securities Exchange Commission?

A

Reform

72
Q

Who did the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. help?

A

People with money in the bank

73
Q

What kind of organization was the Civilian Conservation Co. And Works Progress Administration?

A

Relief

74
Q

What kind of organization is the federal deposit insurance corporation?

A

Reform

75
Q

Who does the civilian conservation co. And works progress administration help?

A

Young men and unskilled workers

76
Q

Who does the national labor relations act help?

A

Working class

77
Q

What kind of organization is the national labor relations act?

A

Recovery

78
Q

Who does the social securities act help?

A

Elderly and injured workers

79
Q

What kind of organization is the social securities act?

A

Reform

80
Q

Appeasement

A

The granting of concessions to a hostile power in order to keep the peace

81
Q

Lend-lease act

A

A law passed in 1941, that allowed the US to ship arms and other supplies, without immediate payment, to nations fighting in the Axis powers

82
Q

Bilizkrieg

A

Lightning war

83
Q

Island hopping

A

Crossing on ocean by a series of jumps between islands

84
Q

Yalta agreement

A

FDR, Stalin, Churchill plan final stages of WWII and agree to the territorial division of Europe

85
Q

In what ways were the German Nazis and the Japanese militarists similar?

A

A. Both were dictatorships
B. both conquered nations
C. Both despised common rivals

86
Q

What was the League of Nations reaction to the military aggression of the japanese and Germans in the late 1930s?

A

They couldn’t control it so it lead to appeasement, which was appealing to a countries likes to prevent conflict

87
Q

What was the Munich Agreement in 1938?

A

The pact signed by Germany, the United Kingdom, France, and Italy of Sept. of 1938, to settle the crisis over Czechoslovakia, by which the some land was ceded to Germany.

88
Q

How did the Munich Agreement contribute to the starting of WWII?

A

It gave in to Germany giving them power and greed

89
Q

What event led to the starting of WWII in 1939?

A

Hitler invaded Poland

90
Q

Why was the US reaction to WWII?

A

Stay neutral

91
Q

What event led to the starting of the US’s entry into WWII?

A

Bombing at pearl harbor in 1941

92
Q

How did the US entry into WWII affect consumers?

A

Created jobs and people need war supplies

93
Q

How did the US entry into WWII affect women?

A

They had the right to enlist and hold skilled jobs

94
Q

How did the US entry into WWII affect African Americans?

A

They could enlist

95
Q

Why were Japanese-Americans relocated from the west coast to concentration camps?

A

Fear of betrayal and attack

96
Q

Genocide

A

The deliberation and systematic extermination of racial, political, or cultural group

97
Q

16th amendment

A

Congress has power to lay and collect taxes on incomes

Tax reform

98
Q

17th amendment

A

Direct election of senators

Reform tainted voting

99
Q

18th amendment

A

Banning alcohol

Reform prohibition and moral values

100
Q

19th amendment

A

Women’s right to vote

Reform suffrage

101
Q

What factors aided the passage of the women’s suffrage amendment?

A

Determination and campaigns

Media

14th amendment

WWI

102
Q

What factors led to the passage of the Pure Food and Drug Act?

A

The jungle

Health concerns

103
Q

Why were presidents Wilson and Theodore Roosevelt considered progressive presidents?

A

Legality and mortality

Reform

104
Q

Examples of issues or causes that Wilson and teddy Roosevelt promoted during their presidencies.

A

Prohibition

No child labor

Moral and social welfare

105
Q

Imperialism

A

The policy of extending a nations authority over other countries by economic, political, or military means

106
Q

Yellow journalism

A

The use of sensationalized and exaggerated reporting by newspapers or magazines to attract readers

107
Q

Spanish-American War

A

A war between Spain and the US in 1898, as a result of which Spain ceded Puerto Rico, the Philippine Islands, and Guam to the US and abandoned all claim to Cuba,which became independent in 1902.

108
Q

Philippine Insurrections

A

War between the US and the Philippines in 1899-1902 due to the Philippines not gaining their independence after the Spanish American War. Bloody battle which the Americans win.

109
Q

Roosevelt Corollary

A

An extension of the Monroe doctrine announced by T. Roosevelt in 1904, under which the US claimed the right to protect its economic interests by means of military intervention in the affairs of Western Hemisphere nations.

110
Q

Open door policy

A

Roosevelt’s policy of granting equal trade opportunities to all countries

111
Q

Big stick policy

A

Roosevelt’s foreign policy to use ones assets to intimidate opponents rather than ones words

112
Q

Because the Supreme Court declared several key new deal programs to be unconstitutional, what did president Franklin D. Roosevelt ask Congress to do?

A

He planned to add more justices to the US Supreme Court to dilute the votes of the justices who opposed new deal legislation. Drafted the judiciary reorganization bill.

113
Q

What was the outcome of this separation of powers struggle?

A

It angered the people who considered the separation harmful

114
Q

Cuba

A

Break away from Spain US wants to get control, but Cuba fights back

115
Q

Philippines

A

War at the Philippines with the US

116
Q

Puerto Rico

A

Us imperial power

117
Q

Panama

A

Trade route, Panama Canal

118
Q

Hawaii

A

US overthrows and creates an imperial power

119
Q

China

A

Boxer Rebellion

120
Q

Great Britain

A

Allies

121
Q

France

A

Allies

122
Q

Germany

A

Central power

123
Q

Austria Hungary

A

Central power

124
Q

Serbia

A

Allies

125
Q

Russia

A

Allies

126
Q

North Africa campaign

A

Used to combine armies in WWII with allies

127
Q

El Alamein

A

Pushed German forces out of North Africa

128
Q

Stalingrad

A

Marks the high water line in the German invasion of Russia

129
Q

D day

A

Allies launched an invasion of European mainland in wwii (first day)

130
Q

Pearl Harbor

A

Led to US entry into WWII

131
Q

Midway

A

Turning point against Japanese in the pacific

132
Q

Iwo Jima

A

Battle which the US fought for and captured the island of Jima in Japan

133
Q

Hiroshima

A

Ended WWII

134
Q

Why principle did the Nuremberg trails establish?

A

The fact that internal law does not impose a penalty for an act which constitutes a crime under international law does not relieve the person who committed the act from responsibility under international law

135
Q

final solution

A

Eradicate all Jews from Germany and Europe in general

136
Q

Why did the Supreme Court uphold this executive order?

A

It was racists against Japanese

US History (3 decks)

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