FINAL EXAM REVIEW Flashcards
What were living and working conditions like during the industrial revolution?
- Rent was high
- Women had low pay
- kids had more dangerous jobs
- Entrepreneurs got super rich while the poor are suffering
Effects of the Industrial Revolution
- Jobs and population growth
- A better economy
- Helped with developing war machinery
- Dictators rose to power
- Imperialism
How did Japan become a modern industrial power?
- Emperors gained more power
- Meij restoration
- Imperialism
- Took ideas from the west
- Got Industrial Revolution
How did Imperialist European Powers Get control over the majority of Africa in the 1800s?
- Berlin Conference divided Africa to determine who got what
- Europe got most of it (Belgium)
- Stripped them of their natural resources
Motivations behind Imperialism
- Nationalism
- Social Darwinism (white evolves faster)
- White man’s burden - “help” them because they arent as smart
- Christain Missionaries
How did China deal with its Internal division and foreign Invasion prior to WWI?
- China had struggled with many losses like… Taiping Rebellion, boxer, and Opium War
- Realized they needed to embrace Western ideas
- Did industrial revolution better
How did Britain slowly extend their control over most of India despite their opposition?
- The Suez Canal was created to have more direct shipping from Europe to Asia
- Gave BEI company loooots of $$$$$$$$$$ leading to even more imperialism
- Took tea, spices, and drugs and sold them to China
Allied and Central Powers
Allied - British, Russia, France
Central - Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottomans
Why and How Did WWI Begin in 1914
- A teenager in Bosnia named Princep
- Shot Franz Ferdinand and was “the shot that started the war”
- MAIN (militarism, alliances, imperialism, nationalism)
- Certain alliances were formed (central and allied)
How and Where Was WWI Fought?
- Germany draws up Schiefflan plan - 6 weeks to win against France bc they thought Russia would take longer
- Fought with bad methods of poisonous gas but then gas masks were invented
- Tanks, planes, and zeppelins
- Trench Warfare
What are the characteristics of communism and fascism?
Communism = everyone gets equal pay, no
hierarchy, derived from Karl Marx, economic
equality
-Fascism = Single powerful leader of citizens, with
extreme nationalism and militarism. Has
classes/roles, and dictators in their society
What were the causes ad effects of the Russian Revolution?
- Russia vs Bolsheviks
- Dissatisfaction among the peasants
- Bolsheviks took over the Russian gov, kidnapped the Tsar
- Bolsheviks were communists
- Everyone goes against the Tsar
- They sign a peace treaty with the central powers
- Becomes the Soviet Union
What were the plans and impacts of the Treaty of Versailles?
- Make Germany take the fault for WWI
- Pay for all damage, reduce military size, and loose land
- Lead to the Impeasement of Hitler. He kept taking, and eventually took over again
What were the causes and effects of the Chinese Civil War?
- Communists vs Nationalists
- Striff of power when Mao wanted Communism
- Chain Kai Sheck wanted (w/US)
- Mao won and they became communists
- Caused the “Great Leap Forward”
- Religion banned by Mao
What were the effects of the Chinese Communist revolution?
- Great Leap Forward tried to modernize their farming and use industrial revo
- Tried combining seeds, and all the crops died, causing 25M to die
- Set them back
- Propaganda attacks gov.
How and Why Did Fascism Rise in Europe?
- Great depression
- RABID nationalism
- Treaty of Versailles
- (Mussolini and Hitler)
What were the failures of appeasement and the League of Nations?
- Kept giving Hitler more and more wiggle room
and he never abode to treaty of Versailles - League of Nations does nothing to help, say their
going to but never does - League of Nations after war changes to United
Nations say their for peace and peace only
How did Stalin transform the Soviet Union into a totalitarian communist state?
- Purges
-secret police & cult of personality - 5-year plan to industrialize (famine hits)
What were some characteristics and phases of the holocaust?
- Nuremberg laws
- Gestapo created
- Kristallnacht
- ppl sent to Ghettos
- Concentration camps ready
- Shaved heads and one-size clothes and shoes and
tight living quarters - Eradication and forced labor
How/Where was WWII fought?
- Easter European countries
- Started in Poland
- fought with industry. Rev.
- fought with Guerrilla warfare
- Lots of nuclear action
How did Japan’s role change during the interwar years in Asia?
- Japan invades China for natural resources
committing many war crimes - Great depressions change Japan
- Unlocked military and emperor power
- More ultra-nationalism
What issues arose in the aftermath of WWII and how did the new tensions develop?
- Nuclear age
- Cold War began
- Proxy wars began
- Issue on who would pay for rebuilt of Germany
- USA holding secrets from Soviets after WWII
- Making Nucs and didnt tell them
What were the causes and consequences of the cold war around the world?
Causes = rebuild of Germany, USA disobeying ally
Cause of end = Soviet Union split and berlin wall came down
Effects = Everyone is terrified of nuclear war
- Sooooooooooo many deaths
- Conflict and new allies
- Increase and decrease of powers
- Economy
ASK
How did Gandhi work for independence in India?
- Had non-violent marches and protests
- Peaceful protests
- Salt march
- Got beat, but did not fight back
