Final Exam Review Flashcards
Renin and Erythropoietin secretion Activation of vitamin D are what type of function?
Endocretory
What type of kidney functions are :Fluid Balance, Electrolyte balance, waste removal and acid base balance?
Excretory
Sepsis, trauma, anaphylaxis drugs and acute glomerulonephritis are examples of what type of cause of AKI?
: Intra-Renal Causes of AKI
What are some causes of a more negative pre-pump arterial pressure?
-Clamped lines, kink in the arterial line between the access and the monitor, clot, increased blood pump speed, needle placement
What is the dialysate flow pattern that increases the rate of diffusion?
Counter Current Flow
What % is considered an excessive IDWG?
> 5% of Target Weight
Patients should be educated to take their phosphate binders when?
with all meals and snacks
When is a pre-treatment Assessment Required?
A pre-treatment must be completed by the nurse and documented PRIOR to treatment initiation under these conditions:
Abnormal findings on data collection, state regulation, AKI patient, new patient, Nurse is initiating treatment
*In the absence of one of the above situations the nurse has 1 hr from the start of Tx to complete and document the assessment.
Clotting of a High Flux Dialyzer will cause the TMP to do what?
Decrease
What are the symptoms of elevated potassium?
-extreme muscle weakness
-Abnormal heart rhythm
What is albumin(protein) needed for?
Maintains health
Builds/Maintains muscle
Helps fight infection
Heals wounds
Prevents anemia
How far apart do needle tips need to be?
1.5 inches
A hemostatic sponge is ordered, does the patient go home with it in place?
No, remove the sponge after hemostasis has been acheived and dress the needle sites with a sterile gauze or band-aid
Good needle site rotation and complete needle site clotting techniques prevent which 2 vascular access complications?
Prevents the formations of aneurysms and pseudo aneurysms
What are the 3 steps in complete access site evaluation?
look, listen, feel
What are the steps to administering Topical Anesthetic spray?
-Spray after access site disinfection has been completed
-Hold the can 3-7 inches from access site
- Spray for 4-10 seconds, until the skin BLANCHES.
DO NOT FROST THE SKIN
Why is it not necessary to flip the arterial needle?
- Because it has a back eye and flipping the needle unnecessarily can lead to damage of the access.
These steps are completed for recirculation during treatment interruption, such as a bathroom break:
- The saline line remains open and the heparin pump remains on
What are the different cannulator levels?
Beginner: Less than 6 months experience or less than 10 successful cannulations
Intermediate: 6 months experience cannulation of AVF and 10 successful cannulations
Advanced: has completed all the competencies for NFACT training, expert cannulation skills documented and can determine is rule of 6’s have been met.
What is the required length of time to perform scrub the hub of a CVC?
15 seconds
What is an intervention for muscle cramps?
Turn of UF
What complication is the patient placed in the Left Side Trendelenburg position for?
Air embolism
True or False: Hypertension and Hypovolemia are associated with increased mortality rate
True
True or False: Additional blood loss is prevented by providing appropriate heparin dose per physician order, using good cannulation technique, and proper rinse back after Tx
True
What is the difference between Data Collection from a PCT and a Nurse Assessment?
Data collection PCT: Noting presence of edema, HR and Rhythm, Resp. Rate, Machine parameters and safety checks *PCTS are to document abnormal findings and notify the RN
Assessment Nurse: Determining depth of edema, rate, rhythm and quality of sounds, respiration rate, rhythm effort being put into breathing, identifying unusual sounds
