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Radiographic Positioning > Final Exam Review 12/11/12 > Flashcards

Final Exam Review 12/11/12 Flashcards

1
Q

The body habitus of the very slender person

A

What is asthenic

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2
Q

In computed radiography, this houses the image storage phosphors that acquire the latent image

A

What is the imaging plate?

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3
Q

This refers to parts or angulation toward the feet

A

What is caudad or caudal?

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4
Q

This refers to parts nearest the point of attachment, point of reference, origin, or beginning

A

What is proximal?

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5
Q

The term that refers to a hole in a bone through which blood vessels and nerves pass

A

What is a foramen?

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6
Q

The number of primary branches of the right bronchus

A

What is 3?

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7
Q

The three projections that comprise an acute abdomen series

A

What are AP supine abdomen, AP upright abdomen, and PA chest?

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8
Q

The abdominal projection that will not demonstrate free air levels within the abdomen

A

What is the AP supine abdomen?

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9
Q

The cavity that contains the heart and lungs

A

What is the thoracic cavity?

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10
Q

The thoracic structures that are of primary interest with the left lateral projection of the chest

A

What are the heart and left lung?

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11
Q

Another name for the scaphoid

A

What is the navicular?

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12
Q

The bony process that is located on the anterior surface of the proximal humerus

A

What is the lesser tubercle?

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13
Q

This structure articulates with the ulna to form the humeroulnar joint

A

What is the trochlea?

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14
Q

Of the following digits of the hand, the one that produces the least OID in the lateral projection of that digit:
Second digit, third digit, fourth digit

A

What is the second digit?

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15
Q

The projection of the forearm that requires the elbow be flexed 90 degrees

A

What is the lateral projection?

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16
Q

The end of the clavicle that articulates with the scapula

A

What is the lateral end?

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17
Q

The part of the scapula that articulates with the head of the humerus to form the scapulohumeral joint

A

What is the glenoid fossa?

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18
Q

The joint classification of the shoulder joint

A

What is ball and socket?

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19
Q

The bone that forms the anterior part of the shoulder girdle

A

What is the clavicle?

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20
Q

The bone that articulates with the medial end of the clavicle

A

What is the sternum?

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21
Q

The name of the small round bones located on the plantar surface of the foot, typically beneath the first MTP joint

A

What are sesamoids?

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22
Q

The tarsal bone located on the medial side of the foot between the talus and the three cuneiforms

A

What is the navicular?

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23
Q

The projection of the foot that will demonstrate the metatarsals nearly superimposed on each other

A

What is the lateral projection?

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24
Q

The degree of rotation for an AP oblique projection of the knee

A

What is 45 degrees?

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25
Q

The joint formed by the articulation of the head of the fibula with the lateral condyle of the tibia

A

What is the proximal tibiofibular joint?

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26
Q

A health professionals moral responsibility and the science of appropriate conduct toward others

A

What are ethics?

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27
Q

Receives the energy of the x-ray beam and forms the image of the body part

A

What is the image receptor?

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28
Q

The degree of film blackening

A

What is radiographic or optical density?

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29
Q

The factor that controls radiographic contrast

A

What is kVp?

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30
Q

The person with this body habitus possesses a high, transverse stomach

A

What is hypersthenic?

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31
Q

The name of the double-walled serous membrane that encloses the lung

A

What is the pleura?

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32
Q

The central ray location for a supine AP projection of the abdomen

A

What is the iliac crest?

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33
Q

The term for the area between the two lungs

A

What is the mediastinum?

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34
Q

The number of ribs that should be demonstrated above the diaphragm on a well-inspired PA chest radiograph

A

What is 10?

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35
Q

The serous membrane that lines the abdominopelvic walls

A

What is the peritoneum?

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36
Q

The bones that comprise the palm of the hand

A

What are the metacarpals?

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37
Q

The two bones that comprise the forearm

A

What are the radius and ulna?

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38
Q

The central ray location for a lateral projection of the second through fifth digits

A

What is the proximal interphalangeal joint or PIP?

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39
Q

The projection of the elbow that best demonstrates the radial head free of bony superimposition

A

What is the AP oblique in lateral or external rotation?

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40
Q

The projection of the humerus that will place the humeral epicondyles parallel to the plane of the image receptor

A

What is the AP projection?

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41
Q

Classification of bone the scapula belongs in

A

What are flat bones?

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42
Q

The border of the scapula that extends from the superior angle to the inferior angle

A

What is the medial or vertebral border?

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43
Q

The border of the scapula on which the scapular notch is located

A

What is the superior border?

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44
Q

The central ray location for an AP projection of the shoulder

A

What is 1 inch inferior to the coracoid process?

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45
Q

The projection of the shoulder that best demonstrates the greater tubercle of the humerus in profile

A

What is the AP projection with external rotation?

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46
Q

The lateral bone of the lower leg

A

What is the fibula?

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47
Q

The largest tarsal bone

A

What is the calcaneus?

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48
Q

Large process at the distal end of the tibia

A

What is the medial malleolus?

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49
Q

The constricted portion of the femur just inferior from the head

A

What is the neck?

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50
Q

The number of tarsal bones in the foot

A

What is seven?

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51
Q

This marker should be used on an upright left lateral position

A

What is the left marker?

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52
Q

This person is responsible for obtaining necessary clinical history when the radiologist is unable to see the patient

A

Who is the radiographer?

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53
Q

The difference in adjacent densities on a radiographic image

A

What is radiographic contrast?

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54
Q

The distance between the body part and the image receptor

A

What is OID?

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55
Q

This is the most convenient and effective method for preventing the spread of microorganisms

A

What is handwashing?

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56
Q

Another name for an AP supine abdomen

A

What is KUB?

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57
Q

Level of the central ray for a PA projection of the chest

A

What is T7?

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58
Q

Projection performed to demonstrate air/fluid levels in the abdomen for the patient who is unable to stand

A

What is the left lateral decubitus?

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59
Q

The two large muscles located on either side of the lumbar spine

A

What are the psoas muscles?

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60
Q

The lower, broad aspect of the lungs

A

What is the base?

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61
Q

The joint formed by the articulation of the proximal end of the middle phalanx with the distal end of the proximal phalanx of the ring finger

A

What is the proximal interphalangeal joint of the fourth digit?

62
Q

The structure that articulates with the radial head

A

What is the capitulum?

63
Q

The carpal bone that is most commonly fractured

A

What is the scaphoid?

64
Q

The central area of the long, cylindrical shaft of the radius, ulna and humerus

A

What is the body?

65
Q

The large bony process easily located by touching on the posterior aspect of the forearm

A

What is the olecranon process?

66
Q

The large, rounded, elevated process prominently located on the lateral surface of the proximal humerus

A

What is the greater tubercle?

67
Q

The articulation between the glenoid cavity and the head of the humerus

A

What is the scapulohumeral joint?

68
Q

The type of bone classification of the clavicle

A

What is long bone?

69
Q

The small, synovial fluid-filled sacs, which relieve pressure and reduce friction in joint tissues

A

What are bursae?

70
Q

The projection of the shoulder which will place the humeral epicondyles perpendicular to the image receptor

A

What is AP projection in internal rotation?

71
Q

The bones that articulate with the proximal phalanges of the foot

A

What are the metatarsals?

72
Q

Another projection term that refers to the AP projection of the foot

A

What is dorsoplantar?

73
Q

This projection of the knee best demonstrates the femoropatellar space open

A

What is the lateral projection?

74
Q

The central ray location for an AP oblique projection of the foot

A

What is the base of the third metatarsal?

75
Q

The femoral structures that articulate with the tibia

A

What are the condyles?

76
Q

Forced or excessive extension of a limb or part

A

What is hyperextension?

77
Q

The term that applies to turning the palm of the hand up

A

What is supination?

78
Q

The type of violation committed if a radiographer refuses to perform an exam on an AIDS patient

A

What is ethical?

79
Q

This type of joint only permits flexion or extension

A

What is a hinge joint?

80
Q

This body plane divides the body into equal anterior and posterior halves

A

What is mid-coronal?

81
Q

The part of the lung that extends above the clavicle

A

What is the apex?

82
Q

The largest organ in the abdominal cavity

A

What is the liver?

83
Q

Breathing instructions for an AP upright abdomen

A

What is “hold your breath on expiration”?

84
Q

The central ray location for an AP upright abdomen

A

What is 2 inches above the iliac crest?

85
Q

A pathologic condition of the lung that involves replacement of air with fluid in the lung interstitium and alveoli

A

What is pulmonary edema?

86
Q

The central ray location for the PA projection of the hand

A

What is the third metacarpophalangeal joint or MCP?

87
Q

The projection of the elbow that best demonstrates the olecranon process in profile

A

What is the lateral projection?

88
Q

The largest of the carpal bones

A

What is the capitate?

89
Q

The process that is located on the lateral aspect of the distal forearm

A

What is the radial styloid process?

90
Q

Of these four fingers, index finger, thumb, small finger and ring finger, the one that produces the greatest OID in the lateral projection

A

What is the ring finger?

91
Q

The recommended SID for AC joints

A

What is 72 inches?

92
Q

The projection of the shoulder that best demonstrates the greater tubercle of the humerus in profile

A

What is the AP external rotation shoulder?

93
Q

The central ray location for an AP projection of the scapula

A

What is 2 inches below the coracoid process?

94
Q

The body position used to demonstrate the left shoulder with the PA oblique projection of the shoulder (Scapular Y)

A

What is left anterior oblique or LAO?

95
Q

The breathing instructions for an AP projection of the scapula

A

What is breath normally (or shallow breathing)?

96
Q

Two large eminences located on the distal end of the femur

A

What are the condyles?

97
Q

The tarsal bone that comprises the heel of the foot

A

What is the calcaneus?

98
Q

The largest bone of the lower limb

A

What is the femur?

99
Q

The name of the bones the heads of the metatarsals articulate with

A

What are proximal phalanges?

100
Q

The degree and direction of angulation for the lateral projection of the knee

A

What is five degrees cephalic?

101
Q

This term refers to parts farthest from the point of attachment, point of reference or away from the center of the body

A

What is distal?

102
Q

The term referring to toward the head of the body

A

What is cephalic?

103
Q

The term that refers to the path of the x-ray beam

A

What is projection?

104
Q

Movement of a body part toward the midline of the body

A

What is adduction?

105
Q

The best way a radiographer can control voluntary motion

A

What is giving clear instructions to the patient?

106
Q

Name one of the projections of the abdomen that utilizes a horizontal beam

A

What is the AP upright abdomen or the Left Lateral Decubitus abdomen?

107
Q

The respiration phase for an AP abdominal radiograph done in the supine position

A

What is hold your breath on expiration?

108
Q

Inflammation of the bronchi

A

What is bronchitis?

109
Q

The presence of gas or air in the pleural cavity

A

What is pneumothorax?

110
Q

The plane that must be accurately parallel with the IR to prevent distortion of the thoracic structures during a lateral chest radiograph

A

What is the midsagittal plane?

111
Q

The degree of flexion needed for a lateral projection of the elbow

A

What is 90 degrees?

112
Q

The carpal bone that lies between the scaphoid and the triquetrum

A

What is the lunate?

113
Q

The central ray location for an AP projection of the first digit of the hand

A

What is the first metacarpophalangeal joint?

114
Q

The central ray location for an AP projection of humerus

A

What is the mid-humerus?

115
Q

The roughened process of the humerus located superior to the intertubercular groove

A

What is the greater tubercle?

116
Q

The breathing instructions for an AP projection of the shoulder

A

What is stop breathing?

117
Q

The area of the proximal humerus located directly below the tubercles, which is the site of many fractures

A

What is the surgical neck?

118
Q

The position of the humeral epicondyles in relation to the image receptor for an AP shoulder in external rotation

A

What is parallel?

119
Q

Another name for the medial end of the clavicle

A

What is the sternal extremity?

120
Q

The name of the lateral end of the scapular spine

A

What is the acromion?

121
Q

The central ray location for the AP oblique projection of the toes

A

What is the third metatarsophalangeal joint?

122
Q

The term that refers to the inferior tip of the patella

A

What is the apex?

123
Q

The central ray location for a lateral projection of the ankle

A

What is the medial malleolus?

124
Q

The structure of the knee that is best demonstrated with the tangential projection

A

What is the patella?

125
Q

The projection of the knee that will place the patella over the lateral condyle of the femur

A

What is the AP oblique projection with lateral or external rotation?

126
Q

The most common body habitus in the United States

The most common body habitus in the United States

A

What is sthenic?

127
Q

The projection when the central ray enters the anterior body surface and exits the posterior body surface

A

What is AP?

128
Q

This exposure factor is used to control involuntary motion

A

What is exposure time?

129
Q

The respiration phase needed to expand lung fields to the maximum extent possible

A

What is inspiration?

130
Q

The plane passing through the midline of the body dividing it into equal right and left halves

A

What is the midsagittal plane?

131
Q

In the lung, this exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide by diffusion

A

What is alveoli?

132
Q

The optimal respiration phase for a PA or lateral chest radiograph

A

What is full inspiration on the second breath?

133
Q

The recommended SID for chest radiography

A

What is 72 inches?

134
Q

Causes involuntary motion on an AP abdominal radiograph

A

What is peristalsis?

135
Q

This structure of the upper abdomen should be seen on the abdomen radiograph when the patient is upright

A

What is the diaphragm?

136
Q

The central ray location for a lateral projection of the hand

A

What is the second metacarpophalangeal joint or MCP?

137
Q

The process located on the medial side of the distal forearm

A

What is the ulnar styloid process?

138
Q

The joint formed by the articulation of the head of a metacarpal with a digit

A

What is the metacarpophalangeal joint?

139
Q

The projection of the humerus which places the humeral epicondyles perpendicular to the image receptor

A

What is the lateral projection?

140
Q

The degree of rotation required for the PA oblique projection of the wrist in lateral rotation

A

What is 45 degrees?

141
Q

The most anterior bony projection of the scapula

A

What is the coracoid process?

142
Q

The bony part of the humerus that articulates with the glenoid cavity

A

What is the head of the humerus?

143
Q

Respiration phase for the AP and AP axial projections of the clavicle

A

What is expiration?

144
Q

The portion of the humerus located between the tubercles and the head

A

What is the anatomic neck?

145
Q

The central ray location for AP projection of the acromioclavicular joints

A

What is midline of the body at the level of the AC joints?

146
Q

The central ray location for the AP projection of the knee

A

What is ½ in below the apex of the patella?

147
Q

The structure the head of the femur articulates with

A

What is the acetabulum?

148
Q

The structure that is located on the distal tibia

A

What is the medial malleolus?

149
Q

The most commonly performed oblique projection of the foot

A

What is the AP oblique in medial rotation?

150
Q

The bone that articulates superiorly with the calcaneus

A

What is the talus?

Radiographic Positioning (1 decks)

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