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World History > Final Exam Review > Flashcards

Final Exam Review Flashcards

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1
Q

What aspect of the Cold War arms race made it so terrifying?

A

The weapons were more powerful than ever before

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2
Q

A “red scare” was the fear of

A

communists in the United States

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3
Q

After Germany surrendered, the Allies decided at Yalta to

A

divide it in four parts, to be governed by Britain, the United States, the Soviets, and France

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4
Q

During the Korean War, which nation provided hundreds of thousands of troops to help North Korea

A

China

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5
Q

After World War II, the United States offered assistance to war-torn European nations through which of the following?

A

the Marshall Plan

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6
Q

Which alliance was dedicated to the security of communist nations in Europe during the Cold War

A

The Warsaw Pact

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7
Q

What is a major reason why countries were drawn to communism after WWI

A

Communist groups promised economic equality and better living standards for the population

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8
Q

The Truman Doctrine was rooted in the idea of

A

containment

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9
Q

The Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution were social reform programs led by which leader

A

Mao Zedong

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10
Q

The Great Leap Forward

A

was strongly criticized as a failure

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11
Q

Which alliance was created after WWII as a defensive measure against aggressor nations

A

NATO

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12
Q

What did the US claim justified involvement in Southeast Asia

A

The Domino Theory

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13
Q

The Berlin Wall was built in order to

A

prevent East Germans from defecting (escaping) to West Germany

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14
Q

The US became involved in Vietnam, in part, because of the Truman Doctrine which emphasized

A

stopping the spread of communism

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15
Q

The “Bay of Pigs” refers to

A

a US attempt to overthrow the Cuban government

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16
Q

During the Vietnam War, the Tet Offensive

A

turned American public opinion against the war

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17
Q

The Tet Offensive damaged American moral because it

A

demonstrated that the communists had not lost the will or ability to fight

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18
Q

Which of the following best describes the Vietcong’s war strategy in Vietnam

A

fight small skirmishes

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19
Q

The end of the Vietnam War resulted in

A

communist control of Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam

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20
Q

What conflict was called the Soviet Union’s “Vietnam”

A

the Soviet war in Afghanistan

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21
Q

Why has Jerusalem been a stumbling block in peace negotiations between Arabs and Israelis

A

Jerusalem is sacred to both Jews and Muslims

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22
Q

What was the reaction in 947 to the United Nations plan to divide Palestine into separate Jewish and Arab states

A

The Jews accepted the plan but the Arabs rejected it

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23
Q

The Middle East has strategic global importance because

A

it has large oil and gas reserves

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24
Q

Great Britain stopped the German Luftwaffe at the Battle of

A

Britain

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25
Q

What did the Soviet Union do during Germany’s invasion of Poland in 1939

A

It attacked Poland from the east as part of the Nazi-Soviet Pact

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26
Q

Hitler decided to invade the Soviet Union because

A

he wanted the Soviet Union’s vast natural resources

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27
Q

Who inspired the British people to resist the German invasion

A

Winston Churchill

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28
Q

Which country had gained control of most of Western Europe by 1940

A

Germany

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29
Q

What US action influenced the Japanese decision to attack the US in 1941

A

The US banned the sale of iron, steel, and oil to Japan

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30
Q

Because of the war, large numbers of women in the United States began to work as

A

steelworkers and welders

31
Q

People considered by the Nazis to be undesirable were

A

imprisoned in concentration camps

32
Q

The Japanese leaders believed they could destroy the American Pacific Fleet

A

at Pearl Harbor

33
Q

What caused the US to enter WWII

A

the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor

34
Q

During WWII, Rosie the Riveter came to symbolize

A

the women who worked in US manufacturing plants

35
Q

In 1942, what priority did Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin set in the war

A

to achieve victory in Europe before trying to achieve it in Asia

36
Q

The US strategy of island hopping in the pacific

A

allowed the US to gradually move north toward Japan

37
Q

What battle is considered the turning point in the Pacific War

A

the Battle of Midway

38
Q

Instead of making cars, the Ford Motor Company converted to making

A

B-24 Bombers

39
Q

The Germans were finally halted in their advance into the Soviet Union at

A

the Battle of Stalingrad

40
Q

Why was island hopping important during WWII

A

to allow American forces to capture key Pacific islands and use them to get closer to Japan

41
Q

In what part of the world were the battles of Guadalcanal, Iwo Jima, and Okinawa fought

A

the Pacific

42
Q

The complicated Allied invasion to take Europe back from the Axis powers began

A

on D-Day

43
Q

What was the final solution to the Jewish question announced by the Nazis at the Warsaw Conference

A

kill all the Jews

44
Q

The slaughter of European Jews by the Nazis became known as what

A

the Holocaust

45
Q

The goal of the Manhattan Project was what

A

develop an atomic bomb

46
Q

Who were the kamikaze

A

Japanese pilots who crashed into Allied warships

47
Q

V-E Day, May 8, 1945, marked

A

the end of the war in Europe

48
Q

What important idea came out of the Nuremberg and Tokyo Trials

A

Individuals are responsible for their own actions

49
Q

What finally brought an end to WWII

A

the dropping of atomic bombs by the US on Hiroshima and Nagasaki

50
Q

What was one of Stalin’s major goals in Eastern Europe after WWII

A

to create a protective buffer zone of friendly governments

51
Q

The provisions of the Treaty of Versailles focused mainly on

A

punishing Germany

52
Q

In Italy’s fascist state, the state was glorified over the individual; the government controlled the people and tolerated no

A

opposition

53
Q

What was a key characteristic of fascism in the 1920s and 1930s

A

supremacy of the state

54
Q

As a show of force, Mussolini orchestrated what event which showed the constitutional monarchy in Italy that he was willing to take over the government by force if need be

A

March on Rome

55
Q

France occupied Germany’s coal-rich Ruhr Valley and Rhineland region in 1923

A

because Germany had fallen behind in reparation payments outlined in the Treaty of Versailles

56
Q

Under Mussolini’s rule in Italy,

A

there was a one-party dictatorship

57
Q

What was a cause of Stalin’s Great Purge

A

Stalin feared rival party leaders

58
Q

In implementing purges, Stalin was attempting to

A

eliminate the competition to his authority

59
Q

A ___ state is a government that aims to control the political, economic, social, intellectual, and cultural lives of its citizens

A

totalitarian

60
Q

In writing ___ ____ Hitler outlined his blueprint for Germany’s future

A

Mein Kampf

61
Q

A factor in leading many Germans to accepted Hitler and the Nazis was

A

the belief that Hitler had ended Germany’s economic depression

62
Q

In 1931, Japanese ultranationalists seized the Chinese province of

A

Manchuria

63
Q

The Japanese attacked Manchuria in large part because they needed the

A

resources and living space

64
Q

Who emerged as the military leader of Japan prior to WWII

A

General Hideki Tojo

65
Q

How did the League of Nations respond when Japan invaded Manchuria in 1931

A

It condemned Japan’s action but did nothing to stop it

66
Q

In 1935, the Nazis passed the Nuremberg Laws, which

A

deprived Jews of German citizenship

67
Q

What measure did the Nazis take that was a rejection of the Treaty of Versailles

A

They rearmed Germany

68
Q

What did the Nazi-Soviet Pact accomplish for Germany

A

It gave Germany a free hand in western Poland without fear of a Soviet attack

69
Q

Which policy did the British use to attempt preventing another war

A

Appeasement

70
Q

Through what action did Hitler violate the Treaty of Versailles in 1936

A

He sent troops into the Rhineland

71
Q

What was usually the first stage of Hitler’s blitzkrieg strategy

A

The Luftwaffe attacked ground targets from the air

72
Q

WWII began in Europe when Germany invaded ___ in September 1939

A

Poland

73
Q

Hitler used which military strategy when invading Poland

A

Blitzkrieg

74
Q

What happened at Dunkirk in the spring of 1940

A

British forces successfully retreated across the English Channel

World History (2 decks)

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