Final Exam Review

Question 1

What aspect of the Cold War arms race made it so terrifying?

Answer 1

The weapons were more powerful than ever before

Question 2

A “red scare” was the fear of

Answer 2

communists in the United States

Question 3

After Germany surrendered, the Allies decided at Yalta to

Answer 3

divide it in four parts, to be governed by Britain, the United States, the Soviets, and France

Question 4

During the Korean War, which nation provided hundreds of thousands of troops to help North Korea

Answer 4

China

Question 5

After World War II, the United States offered assistance to war-torn European nations through which of the following?

Answer 5

the Marshall Plan

Question 6

Which alliance was dedicated to the security of communist nations in Europe during the Cold War

Answer 6

The Warsaw Pact

Question 7

What is a major reason why countries were drawn to communism after WWI

Answer 7

Communist groups promised economic equality and better living standards for the population

Question 8

The Truman Doctrine was rooted in the idea of

Answer 8

containment

Question 9

The Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution were social reform programs led by which leader

Answer 9

Mao Zedong

Question 10

The Great Leap Forward

Answer 10

was strongly criticized as a failure

Question 11

Which alliance was created after WWII as a defensive measure against aggressor nations

Answer 11

NATO

Question 12

What did the US claim justified involvement in Southeast Asia

Answer 12

The Domino Theory

Question 13

The Berlin Wall was built in order to

Answer 13

prevent East Germans from defecting (escaping) to West Germany

Question 14

The US became involved in Vietnam, in part, because of the Truman Doctrine which emphasized

Answer 14

stopping the spread of communism

Question 15

The “Bay of Pigs” refers to

Answer 15

a US attempt to overthrow the Cuban government

Question 16

During the Vietnam War, the Tet Offensive

Answer 16

turned American public opinion against the war

Question 17

The Tet Offensive damaged American moral because it

Answer 17

demonstrated that the communists had not lost the will or ability to fight

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the Vietcong’s war strategy in Vietnam

Answer 18

fight small skirmishes

Question 19

The end of the Vietnam War resulted in

Answer 19

communist control of Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam

Question 20

What conflict was called the Soviet Union’s “Vietnam”

Answer 20

the Soviet war in Afghanistan

Question 21

Why has Jerusalem been a stumbling block in peace negotiations between Arabs and Israelis

Answer 21

Jerusalem is sacred to both Jews and Muslims

Question 22

What was the reaction in 947 to the United Nations plan to divide Palestine into separate Jewish and Arab states

Answer 22

The Jews accepted the plan but the Arabs rejected it

Question 23

The Middle East has strategic global importance because

Answer 23

it has large oil and gas reserves

Question 24

Great Britain stopped the German Luftwaffe at the Battle of

Answer 24

Britain

Question 25

What did the Soviet Union do during Germany's invasion of Poland in 1939

Answer 25

It attacked Poland from the east as part of the Nazi-Soviet Pact

Question 26

Hitler decided to invade the Soviet Union because

Answer 26

he wanted the Soviet Union's vast natural resources

Question 27

Who inspired the British people to resist the German invasion

Answer 27

Winston Churchill

Question 28

Which country had gained control of most of Western Europe by 1940

Answer 28

Germany

Question 29

What US action influenced the Japanese decision to attack the US in 1941

Answer 29

The US banned the sale of iron, steel, and oil to Japan

Question 30

Because of the war, large numbers of women in the United States began to work as

Answer 30

steelworkers and welders

Question 31

People considered by the Nazis to be undesirable were

Answer 31

imprisoned in concentration camps

Question 32

The Japanese leaders believed they could destroy the American Pacific Fleet

Answer 32

at Pearl Harbor

Question 33

What caused the US to enter WWII

Answer 33

the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor

Question 34

During WWII, Rosie the Riveter came to symbolize

Answer 34

the women who worked in US manufacturing plants

Question 35

In 1942, what priority did Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin set in the war

Answer 35

to achieve victory in Europe before trying to achieve it in Asia

Question 36

The US strategy of island hopping in the pacific

Answer 36

allowed the US to gradually move north toward Japan

Question 37

What battle is considered the turning point in the Pacific War

Answer 37

the Battle of Midway

Question 38

Instead of making cars, the Ford Motor Company converted to making

Answer 38

B-24 Bombers

Question 39

The Germans were finally halted in their advance into the Soviet Union at

Answer 39

the Battle of Stalingrad

Question 40

Why was island hopping important during WWII

Answer 40

to allow American forces to capture key Pacific islands and use them to get closer to Japan

Question 41

In what part of the world were the battles of Guadalcanal, Iwo Jima, and Okinawa fought

Answer 41

the Pacific

Question 42

The complicated Allied invasion to take Europe back from the Axis powers began

Answer 42

on D-Day

Question 43

What was the final solution to the Jewish question announced by the Nazis at the Warsaw Conference

Answer 43

kill all the Jews

Question 44

The slaughter of European Jews by the Nazis became known as what

Answer 44

the Holocaust

Question 45

The goal of the Manhattan Project was what

Answer 45

develop an atomic bomb

Question 46

Who were the kamikaze

Answer 46

Japanese pilots who crashed into Allied warships

Question 47

V-E Day, May 8, 1945, marked

Answer 47

the end of the war in Europe

Question 48

What important idea came out of the Nuremberg and Tokyo Trials

Answer 48

Individuals are responsible for their own actions

Question 49

What finally brought an end to WWII

Answer 49

the dropping of atomic bombs by the US on Hiroshima and Nagasaki

Question 50

What was one of Stalin's major goals in Eastern Europe after WWII

Answer 50

to create a protective buffer zone of friendly governments

Question 51

The provisions of the Treaty of Versailles focused mainly on

Answer 51

punishing Germany

Question 52

In Italy's fascist state, the state was glorified over the individual; the government controlled the people and tolerated no

Answer 52

opposition

Question 53

What was a key characteristic of fascism in the 1920s and 1930s

Answer 53

supremacy of the state

Question 54

As a show of force, Mussolini orchestrated what event which showed the constitutional monarchy in Italy that he was willing to take over the government by force if need be

Answer 54

March on Rome

Question 55

France occupied Germany's coal-rich Ruhr Valley and Rhineland region in 1923

Answer 55

because Germany had fallen behind in reparation payments outlined in the Treaty of Versailles

Question 56

Under Mussolini's rule in Italy,

Answer 56

there was a one-party dictatorship

Question 57

What was a cause of Stalin's Great Purge

Answer 57

Stalin feared rival party leaders

Question 58

In implementing purges, Stalin was attempting to

Answer 58

eliminate the competition to his authority

Question 59

A ___ state is a government that aims to control the political, economic, social, intellectual, and cultural lives of its citizens

Answer 59

totalitarian

Question 60

In writing ___ ____ Hitler outlined his blueprint for Germany's future

Answer 60

Mein Kampf

Question 61

A factor in leading many Germans to accepted Hitler and the Nazis was

Answer 61

the belief that Hitler had ended Germany's economic depression

Question 62

In 1931, Japanese ultranationalists seized the Chinese province of

Answer 62

Manchuria

Question 63

The Japanese attacked Manchuria in large part because they needed the

Answer 63

resources and living space

Question 64

Who emerged as the military leader of Japan prior to WWII

Answer 64

General Hideki Tojo

Question 65

How did the League of Nations respond when Japan invaded Manchuria in 1931

Answer 65

It condemned Japan's action but did nothing to stop it

Question 66

In 1935, the Nazis passed the Nuremberg Laws, which

Answer 66

deprived Jews of German citizenship

Question 67

What measure did the Nazis take that was a rejection of the Treaty of Versailles

Answer 67

They rearmed Germany

Question 68

What did the Nazi-Soviet Pact accomplish for Germany

Answer 68

It gave Germany a free hand in western Poland without fear of a Soviet attack

Question 69

Which policy did the British use to attempt preventing another war

Answer 69

Appeasement

Question 70

Through what action did Hitler violate the Treaty of Versailles in 1936

Answer 70

He sent troops into the Rhineland

Question 71

What was usually the first stage of Hitler's blitzkrieg strategy

Answer 71

The Luftwaffe attacked ground targets from the air

Question 72

WWII began in Europe when Germany invaded ___ in September 1939

Answer 72

Poland

Question 73

Hitler used which military strategy when invading Poland

Answer 73

Blitzkrieg

Question 74

What happened at Dunkirk in the spring of 1940

Answer 74

British forces successfully retreated across the English Channel