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Wildlife Pathology Course > Final Exam Questions > Flashcards

Final Exam Questions Flashcards

1
Q

Name the species Most commonly affected by white nose syndrome in bats

A

Little brown bats Northern Long eared bats Tricolored bats

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2
Q

Which blood factor triggers anthrax spore germination?

A

L – alanine in serum

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3
Q

In which cells do anthrax bacteria grow?

A

Macrophages

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4
Q

In primates, where the gross findings associated with measles infections?

A

Facial edema Rash

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5
Q

Lyssaviruses. Which glycoprotein is responsible for attachment and pathogenicity?

A

G glycoprotein

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6
Q

Which genotype causes rabies in North America

A

Genotype one

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7
Q

Which species in North America is most commonly found positive for rabies virus?

A

Big brown bats

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8
Q

Which species is responsible for the majority of the Zoomotic rabies transmission in North America?

A

Silver haired Bats

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9
Q

In carnivores infected by canine distemper virus, what is the most common secondary infection?

A

Toxoplasma

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10
Q

Which type of virus causes Aleutian disease in ferrets and mink?

A

Parvovirus

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11
Q

What are the two major diseases caused by pesti virus infection?

A

BVD Classical swine fever

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12
Q

In black footed ferrets infected with canine distemper virus, what is the most common secondary infection?

A

Coccidiosis

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13
Q

Which mineral is necessary for anthrax spore dormancy and survival

A

Calcium

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14
Q

In dogs infected with canine distemper virus, what is the most common secondary infection?

A

Pneumocystis carnii

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15
Q

What are the four broad disease syndromes associated with retroviruses?

A
  1. Malignant tumors 2. Wasting disease 3. Neuro disease 4. Immunodeficiency
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16
Q

Important hosts of Tularemia

A

Lagomorphs, rodents including voles, muskrats, lemmings, hamsters, beavers

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17
Q

What are the two important avian paramyxovirus

A

Newcastle’s disease Avian influenza

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18
Q

Which avian diseases are associated with birdfeeders?

A

Avian pox Salmonella

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19
Q

Differential diagnoses for multifocal, small white spots on liver in mammals

A

Tyzzer’s disease – Clostridium piliforme Yersiniosis – Yersinia pseudorubedculosis Tularemia - Francisella tularensis Less common salmonella/E. coli septicemia

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20
Q

Describe the pathogenesis resulting ultimately in death from rabies

A

Decrease nerve input + apoptosis = organ dysfunction = death

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21
Q

What key feature distinguishes Tyzzer’s Disease from Tularemia and Yersiniosis?

A

No splenic lesions

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22
Q

Name the molecular typing used for Mycobacterium

A

Spoligotyping PCR of 43 conserved segments

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23
Q

Why are birds resistant anthrax?

A

Body temperature is too high for replication

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24
Q

Describe anthrax bacteria morphology

A

Gram-positive Long rod in short chains

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25
Q

What triggers anthrax sporulation?

A

Decreased nutrients Decreased water

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26
Q

Why do anthrax spores congregate after flooding?

A

Hydrophobic surface layers – increased buoyancy – moves up the water table and from water onto vegetation

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27
Q

How many known neurotoxins are there for avian botulism? Which are most common?

A

7 Type C Type E

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28
Q

CWD – how does dose affect incubation period?

A

Increased dose = decreased incubation.

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29
Q

What species is responsible for the majority of Canadian zoonotic cases of Tularemia?

A

Snowshoe hare – hunters

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30
Q

Differential diagnoses for 1. myocardial necrosis/infarct

  1. Hemorrhage
A
  1. Lead poisoning West Nile virus
  2. Duck Plague & Avian cholera
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31
Q

Is yersiniosis a zoonotic risk?

A

Yes – Y. Entercolitica

32
Q

Which avian diseases cause multifocal hepatic necrosis?

A

Avian cholera ( P. multocida) Avian herpesvirus – should also have hemorrhage Systemic avian pox

33
Q

Name the 4 diseases of feral swine in the US

A

Brucella suis Trichinellosis Classical swine fever Pseudorabies

34
Q

Which two species cause ringworm in Wild deer?

A

Microsporidim sp. and Trichophyton verrucosum

35
Q

Define force of infection

A

Fraction of susceptible population that an infected host can contact and infect per-unit time

36
Q

Which environmental conditions favor mycobacterium survival in the environment?

A

Cold and damp

37
Q

Which bacteria most often cause secondary infections in white nose syndrome

A

Hafnia alvei Serratia sp. - chitinase producing

38
Q

Name the fish associated tapeworm

A

Metorchis conjunctus

39
Q

Diseases leading to Hawaiian bird extinctions

A

Haemosporidia Avian pox Rats

40
Q

How are botulism toxins activated?

A

Needs protease/trypsin digestion Increased in autolytic carcasses

41
Q

What virus causes inclusion body hepatitis in raptors?

A

Columbid herpesvirus one

42
Q

Which two diseases cause explosive die-offs in waterfowl?

A

Avian botulism – type C Avian cholera – P. multocida

43
Q

What are the three components of hemorrhagic syndrome in EHD/bluetongue infections?

A

Edema/transudate Thrombosis-necrosis Coagulation-DIC

44
Q

Describe the 2 effects of latitude on hemorrhagic disease in deer

A

At northern latitudes decreased frequency of outbreaks but increased disease severity

45
Q

Disease characterized by hemorrhagic enteropathy, upper G.I. erosions ulcerations, histology – vasculitis

A

Adenovirus hemorrhagic disease of deer

46
Q

Lesions associated with adenovirus hemorrhagic disease in Deer

A

Pulmonary edema Intestinal hemorrhage Necrotizing stomatitis – Vasculitis related

47
Q

Three viruses associated with pulmonary edema and/or hemorrhagic enteropathy in deer

A

Bluetongue virus Epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus Adenovirus hemorrhagic disease

48
Q

Describe inclusion bodies associated with adenovirus hemorrhagic disease

A

Endothelial cells Eosinophillic Intracytoplasmic

49
Q

Describe the lesion associated with canine infectious hepatitis in Black Bears

A

Neutrophilic meningoencephalitis

50
Q

Which two general types of diseases are caused by adeno virus in deer

A

Hemorrhagic disease Renal epithelial necrosis

51
Q

Etiology of Hepatic necrosis in California sea lions

A

Adenovirus

52
Q

Main histologic Lesion associated with malignant catarrhal fever

A

Vasculitis

53
Q

Describe the main lesions in mink with Aleutian disease

A

Decreased reproductive success We kits Renal failure/ wasting

54
Q

Describe the lesions associated with Aleutian disease in ferrets

A

Wasting hindlimb ataxia/paresis Nonsuppurative meningoencephalomyelitis

55
Q

Describe the pathogenesis of Aleutian disease

A

Non- neutralizing AB to AMDV -AB overproduction – increased plasma cells – hyper globulinemia – immuno complex vasculitis and glomerulonephritis

56
Q

What type of virus causes myxomatosis

A

Poxvirus

57
Q

What type of virus causes rabbit hemorrhagic disease

A

Calicivirus

58
Q

Which age class survives rabbit hemorrhagic disease And European brown hair syndrome

A

< six weeks old

59
Q

Characteristic histology lesions in rabbit hemorrhagic disease

A

Fibrin thrombi in glomeruli Hepatic necrosis

60
Q

Differentials for hemorrhage from the nose of a rabbit

A

Rabbit hemorrhagic disease Myxomatosis

61
Q

zoonotic disease associated with hantavirus in rodents

A

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome

62
Q

Increases in which species’ population results in an increased risk of yersiniosis

A

Muskrats

63
Q

What molecule blocks flea gastrointestinal tracts and results in transmission of plague

A

Heme

64
Q

Three clinical forms of plague

A

Bubonic Septicemic Pneumonic

65
Q

Name the disease

A

myxomatosis

66
Q

Which hemoglutinin subtypes are historically assoc. with high path. Avian Influenza?

A

H5 H7

67
Q

Avian hosts of St. Louis Encephlitis

A

House sparrows House finches

68
Q

Important viral disease of whooping cranes

A

Eastern Equine Encephalitis

69
Q

Virus that causes Bollinger Bodies

A

Avian Pox Virus

70
Q

Which hemosporidium species does not produce black pigment (hemozoin)?

A

Leucocytozoan

71
Q

Sarcocystis of ducks

A

Sarcocystis rileyi

72
Q

2 most important lesions of duck plague

A

Fibrinonecrotic foci in GI

GI Hemorrhage

73
Q

How many hosts does the winter tick have?

A

One

74
Q

Microparasites - SIR Macroparasite - X

A

Distribution model

75
Q

Fungal species responsible for white nose syndrome

A

Geomyces destructans

Wildlife Pathology Course (1 decks)

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