Final Exam Questions Flashcards
T or F. The atomic weight is only an average of relative weights of an atom and it’s isotopes, and it may vary from the weight of a specific isotope
T
T or F. Final preparation for cell division is made during the cell life cycle sub phase called G2.
T
T or F. The genetic information is coded in DNA by the regular alternation of sugar and phosphate molecules
F
T or F. Lipids are a poor source of stored energy.
F
T or F. The elbow is proximal to the shoulder.
F
T or F. The serous membrane that lines the peritoneal cavity wall is called visceral peritoneum
F
What produces ATP aerobically?
Mitochondrian (B)
Site of enzymatic breakdown of phagocytized material?
Lysosome (E)
Packages proteins for insertion in the cell membrane or for exocytoises
Golgi apparatus (C)
Site of synthesis of lipid and steroid molecules
smooth endoplasmic reticulum (A)
Replicate for cell division
centrioles (D)
Which of the following is a function of a plasma membrane protein in cells?
molecular transport through the membrane
What does CH4 mean?
There is one carbon and 4 hydrogens
Which of the following is not an electrolyte?
h2o
Amino acids going together to make a peptide is a good example of?
a dehydration synthesis reaction
Crenation is likely to occur in blood cells in what type of solution?
Hypertonic
A gene in a genome can best be defined as?
A segment of DNA that carries the instructions for one polypeptide chain.
Thermo regulatory responses to increased heat are regulated by the sympathetic nervous devision?
true
Sound is generally perceived in the occipital lobe
false
The optic disc in Shay and the location of the eyeball
true
Theoretically if you were born without a middle ear you would be able to hear by bone conduction of sound waves?
true
What are the main function of rods in your eye?
provide vision in dim light
What structure regulates the amount of light passing through the eye?
iris
Balance organ is?
semicircular canal
Houses the organ of corti?
cocchlea
Some taste receptors are stimulated by hydrogen ions
true
Retinal detachment always results in loss of vision?
false
Through direct neural stimulation, the sympathetic nervous system promotes many metabolic affects by hormone division
true
the cranial sacral division is another name for the parasympathetic division
true
Which does not describe the automatic nervous system?
innervates the muscle cells
Which of the following is true about gustatory receptors?
complete adaptation occurs in 1-5 mins
Select the correct statement about olfaction?
some of the sensation of olfaction is actually one of pain
Receptors for hearing are located in the?
cochlea
Select the correct statement about our sense of taste
unami can be triggered by glutamine
The secretion of the adrenal medulla to act is a result of?
sympathetic stimulation
cardio vascular effects of the sympathetic division include all of the following EXCEPT
dilation of blood vessels serving the skin and viscera
Which of these effectors is not directly controlled by the ANS?
skeltal muscle
The smooth muscle of the digestive viscera is served largely by the?
10th cranial nerve
90% of all parasympathetic fibers stem directly from?
cranial nerve 10
Which of the following is not a direct response to parasympathetic stimulation/
dilatation of pupils
Dark adaptation involves?
accumulation of rhodopsin
Olfactory cells and tastebuds are normally stimulated by?
substances in solution
Information in balnce receptors goes directly to?
brain stem reflex centers
The vagus nerve does not innervate the?
parotid gland
Middle of inner ear bones is called the?
incas
Goblet cells are found with pseudo stratified ciliated columnar epithelium?
true
An increased rate of breathing as a result of an increased buildup of CO2 in the bloodstream would be best described as an example of?
excretion of metabolic waste
What is a specific name for your hip region?
coxxal region
The anatomical position is characterized by all of the following except?
palms posteriorly
In which cavity are the lungs located?
pleural, ventral and thoracic cavities
Which of the following is not true of proteins?
they appear to be molecular carriers of coded hereditary information
A solution that has a pH of 2 can best be described as being?
acidic
Which of the following does not describe ATP molecules?
pigments
What tissue has lacunae, calcium salt and blood vessels?
osceous tissue
Epithelial tissue has?
a basement membrane
What feature characterizes the simple columnar epithelium in the digestive track?
microvilli
Which of these is not considered connective tissue?
muscle
Select the correct statement regarding adipose tissue
its primary function is nutrient storage
The most common extracellular ion is?
sodium
muscle cells that are multi nucleated?
skeletal cells
Protein found in large amounts in the outermost epithelial cells is?
colagen
The periosteum is a tissue that serves only to protect bone bc not supplied with blood vessels
false. lots of blood vessels
All bones formed by inter membranous ossification are called irregular bones
false
Ribs number 11 and 12 are true ribs bc they have no anterior attachments
false
the largest and strongest facial bone is the maxilla
false (mandible)
The site of the dermal ridges that produce the ridges in our fingers
e. Fingerprints
Hold hair muscles up in place
a. errector pili muscle
Psedoriferous gland
c.
region that thickens remarkably when one gains weight
b. hypodermis
a fracture in the shaft of a bone would break the
diaphysis
Select the most correct statement concerning skin cancer
melanomas are rare but must be removed quickly to prevent them from metastasizing
Osteogenisis is the process of?
bone formation
Which of the following bones is not weight bearing?
the fibula
Which of the folliwng glands produces hormones that tend to decrease blood calcium levels?
the thyroid gland
Acne is a disorder associated with?
sebaceous glands
Burns are devastating because of grand fluid loss. How do physicians estimate?
Rule of 9s
The term dipole refers to?
the internal layer of spongy bone in flat bones
Bones are protected and lined with a tissue called?
periosteum
The inner osteogenic layer consists primarily of
osteoclasts and osteoblasts
Which of the following is a bone marking that indicates a projection that helps to form joints
ramus
Normal bone formation is dependent on the adequate intake of?
calcium, phosphate and vitamin d
Which of the following bones is adapted to support weight and tension stress?
compact bone
The cell responsible for secreting the matrix of bone is?
osteoblast
The periosteum is secured to the underlying bone by connective tissue called?
perferating fibers
the articulation that most closely resembles a hinge in the body involves which bones?
humorous and ulna
what are the small spaces in bone tissue in which osteocytes live?
lacunae
Cause goose bumps?
errector pili
multinucleate cells that destroy
osteoclasts
endomysium=B fascicle=D binds muscle into functional groups=A perimysium=E muscle fiber the smallest part=c
memorize
During isometric contraction, the energy used produces movement
false
all joints permit some degree of movement
false
movement at the hip does not have as wide a range as at the shoulder
true
muscles only pull, never push
true
Thin filaments, actin, contain a polypeptide substance called g actin that is an active site for myosin attachments
true
trapezius=b
trees major
levator =a
memorize
What does oxygen deficit represent?
difference bw amount needed and amount actually used
which of the following would be recruited later in muscle stimulation when contractile strength increases?
motor units with larger less excitable neurons
Myoglobin stores oxygen in
muscle cells
which of the following are composed of myosin
the thick filaments
the muscle cell membrane is called the?
sarcolemma
Fibrous joint that is a peg and socket joint is a?
gomphosis
Ligaments that protect the alignment of the tibial and fibril condyles?
cruciate ligaments
What are menisci?
semilunar cartilage pads
A hip joint is a good example of?
a multiaxial joint
What is a muscle that provides a major force proudcing a specific movement called?
an agonist
Which of the following statements is true regarding the total number of skeletal muscles in the human body?
there are over 600
The term biceps, triceps, quadriceps, tells you what about this muscle
the number of origins
In the synaptic cleft of the neuromuscular junction there is a neurotransmitter called?
ACh
A fluid filled sac that slides over a tendon
bursa
When cross bridges fail to detach due to absent ATP after death
rigormortis
Powerful forearm extenson
triceps brachii
Reflexes are rapid automatic responses to stimuli
true
large diameter nerve fibers conduct impulses much faster that small diameter
true
There are 41 pairs of spinal nerves
false
Flat EEG is a good indicator of deep sleep
false
integration center E sensory neurons C effector B motor neuron D receptor A
memorize
The patellar knee jerk reflex is an example of?
a stretch reflex
gateway to cerebrum
thalamus
motor command center
cerebellum
survival center
brainstem
executive suite
cerebrum
visceral command center
hypothalamus
this cranial nerve along with one and two is purely somatic sensory
E
this nerve along with the abducens ocular motor passes through the superior orbital fissure
C
the purely sensory nerve that has two divisions
E
one of the alternatives this nerve along with 9 and 12 is primarily and exclusively a motor nerve
C
this nerve is characterized by a crossing at the ventral midline of the brain
B
The nerve has 3 major branches, the maxillary, mandibular and ophthalmic divisions
D
Which of the following is not considered a special somatic?
pain
What are the ciliated CNS neuroglia that play an active role in moving CSF called?
ependymal cells
Bipolar neurons are commonly found in?
the retina of the eye
Which of the following is not a special characteristic of neurons?
they are mitotic
Saltatory conduction is made possible by?
a myelin sheath
The arbor vitae refers to?
cerebellum white matter
The brainstem consists of?
the midbrain, pons and medulla
the blood brain barrier is effective against
metabolic waste such as urea
Inhibitory post synaptic potential is associated with?
hyperpolarization
Which of the following nerves does not arise from your brachial plexus?
phrenic nerve
A reflex that causes muscle relaxation
golgi tendon reflex
The ___ nerve is the largest of the cranial nerves and provides sensation from 3 branches to our face
trigeminal
