Final Exam Part II

Question 1

Timothy Mitchell (1955) thoughts on democracy

Answer 1

Democracy = the rule of people and ability of people are means for achieving political demands… Democratization requires the ability to exploiting vulnerabilities.(Growing power of workers post-1880).

Question 2

the Bretton Woods Institutions?

Answer 2

IMF: International Monetary Fund— Regulated; fixed exchange rate system with currency convertibility. Gave loans to ensure balance-of-payments maintained.

GAT then the WTO;
—systematic bias favors wealthy countries

World bank;—-Promoted growth of world trade▪▪ Infrastructure focused: Financed postwar reconstruction

Question 3

The cold war historical context?

Answer 3

The Marshall Plan (1948) and the Cold War
Grants and loans from the US to rebuild war-torn Europe
Required economic cooperation – widened markets for US exports and capital expansion in the long run
Purpose: Prevent Soviet communism from spreadin

Question 4

At least 2 crises between 1970 & 1999.

Answer 4

Oil Crisis;
Oil used as tool for political ends – price increase falsely described as OPEC tax increase

Environmental Crisis;
Environment emerges as rival to economy; a new object

Question 5

Mitchells theory?

Answer 5

Michell’s Theory = Workers exploit vulnerabilities by cutting of energy supplies to industrial systems

Question 6

Mitchells idea of power

Answer 6

Power is the power to not produce (not the power to produce) ironic because traditional capitalism = maximization of profit
Being inefficient is important to the system

Question 7

Mitchell oil strategies

Answer 7

Maintaining oil - scarcity strategies
Sabotage - control supplies
Interrupt, restrict or slow supplies
“Technological zone” - govern oil flows

Question 8

Escobar’s development discourse

Answer 8

idea that a development strategy created poverty, inequity, identities. Discourse is a system of representaitons that produces object and subjucts and thereby allocates power. The states started to see themselves as underdeveloped and then tried state interventions. Developed countries created theories about poor.

Question 9

Marazzi Externalization of production

Answer 9

outsourcing in economic downfalls to gain profitability

Question 10

Wallerstein

Answer 10

Core vs periphery strong vs weak state and in relation to black gold cancun conference.