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final exam operative Flashcards

1
Q

What are supporting cusps

A

STAMP CUSPS
the ones that contact in MIP
OPPOSITE OF BULL

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2
Q

what are guiding cusps

A

IDLING CUSPS
NON-SUPPORTING
MAY contact when mandible moves laterally
BULL

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3
Q

What are the two forms of MIP contacts

A

combination of cusp to marginal ridge and cusp to fossa (more common)

only cusp to fossa

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4
Q

what if often referred to as ideal or normal occlusion

A

Cusp-to-marginal ridge and cusp-to-fossa occlusion (combination of both)

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5
Q

describe functional activiities and border movements of max and mand

A

max - the lines come off anterior

mand - the lines come off posterior (tip/point is most anterior part)

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6
Q

what is the purpose of a fossa

A

it channels food that is being chewed AWAY from the interproximal spaces and into the fossa instead

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7
Q

what kind of lever is the mandible

A

clss 3

because of the location of the masseter and TMJ

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8
Q

the further anterior in the arch,

A

the less force/load the masseters can exert on the teeth

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9
Q

describe mutual protection

A

Anterior teeth protect the posterior teeth in eccentric movements of the mandible

Posterior teeth protect anterior teeth in MI

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10
Q

with regards to occlusion, what do you do before you place the rubber damn

A

pre mark the occlusion

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11
Q

if there is canine guidance… there is NO…

A

no contact in eccentric

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12
Q

In a group-function occlusal scheme, any eccentric contact should …

A

harmonize with other eccentric markings, and should only involve facial (buccal) cusps.

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13
Q

which contacts do you exaggerate with thicker tape

A

excursives

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14
Q

which contacts go first

A

excursives

MIPs go on top of excursives

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15
Q

when you place a restoration and adjust occlusion in MI…

A

make sure there are no heavy marks in CR position or in slide between CR and MIP.

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16
Q

What contacts should remain on the teeth?

A

MI

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17
Q

What marks should be removed off the teeth?

A

eccentric movements

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18
Q

what are the 4 class 5 lesions

A

Cervical caries lesions (primary lesions)
Root caries lesions (primary lesions)
Recurrent caries lesions (secondary lesions)
Non-carious cervical lesions (NCCL)

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19
Q

how can you tell the difference between an arrested nad active lesion

A

arrested - dark brown

active - yellowish brown

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20
Q

what is the reason for seenig root caries before caries ont he crown

A

cementum and enamel respond differently to acid challenge

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21
Q

hard, shiny, dark brown, distanced from gingival margin.

A

Advanced lesions

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22
Q

Active lesions

A

soft, highly infected, found close to gingival margin.

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23
Q

where does demineralization occur more rapidly?

root or enamel

A

on root

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24
Q

6.2 is the pH of

A

dentin and cementum

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25
Q

5.5 is the pH of

A

enamel

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26
Q

why is demineralization more intense on the root surface

A

Caries process enhanced by reduced salivary flow.

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27
Q

You will see that the SOFT TISSUE IS HEALTHY – no gingival inflammation because there is NO CARIES. No biofilm. No plaque. It is HEALTHY. NON CARIOUS

A

Non-Carious Cervical Lesions(NCCLs)

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28
Q

what are the two shapes of NCCLs

A

U shape

V shape

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29
Q

what is a cited causes of NCCL

BUT THESE REASONS ARE WRONG

A 
tooth flexure (bending)
abfraction lesions the tooth is “bending” – intereference in occlusion so the enamel breaks. 
This isn’t really why it happens.
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30
Q

WHAT are the CORRECT reasons for NCCLs

A

Toothbrush vs Toothpaste Abrasion

Combined effects in an acid challenge, caused by diet, gastric reflux, etc.

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31
Q

So.. NCCLs are caused by..

A

MULTIFACTORIAL

Tooth bending (abfraction)
Erosion (acid effect)
Abrasion (wear from toothpaste and brushing)
Evidence shows no single etiological factor, but instead a combination.

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32
Q

what are some things you need to consider when restoring a Class V lesion

A

Esthetics
Access and isolation
Variability of dentin composition

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33
Q

what are 4 materials that can be used to restore a class V lesion

A

Glass ionomer
Compomer
RMGI
Resin based composite

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34
Q

why is the cervical margin of crowns weak?

A

the margin may be in dentin or cementum (over enamel)
moisture contamination is more likely

Mismatch of Coefficient of Thermal Expansion of enamel and that of restorative materials.

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35
Q

how do you treat a NON CAVITATED lesion

A

preventive measures

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36
Q

how do you treat a SHALLOW LESION

A

debride and fluoride

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37
Q

how do you treat an ARRESTED LESION

A

fluoride and OHI

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38
Q

how do you treat a cavitated lesion

A

Be aware of the restorative challenges in isolation, access, preparation, restorative material placement, etc.

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39
Q

when do you consider restoring an NCCL

A 
Intolerably or uncontrollably sensitive.
Deep enough to endanger pulpal health.
Deep enough to compromise the structural integrity of the tooth.
Lesion is esthetically unacceptable.
Under the clasp of an RPD.
Lesion is cariously involved.
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40
Q

if a PT is at high risk for caries… consider using

A

RMGI

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41
Q

if esthetics is of main concern.. use

A

composite

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42
Q

if you want to benefit from both RMGI and compsoite

A

just sandwich them

43
Q

as fluoride release increases…

A 
bond strength and physical propertie DECREASE
glass ionomer (most fluoride)
RMGI next
compomer 
resin composite least fluoride
44
Q

Resin Modified Glass Ionomers are more esthetic than

A

conventional glass ionomers

still release fluoride and have chemical adhesion to tooth

45
Q

RMGI is the best balance of

A

F- release.
Recharge.
Physical properties.

46
Q

how do you treat the dentin in RMGI

A

condition it
not etch it

Removal of smear layer to expose tooth mineral for bonding.
Usually accomplished with polyacrylic acid.
Varies from 10% - 20%
Rule of 200 (% X Time = 200)

47
Q

does RMGI extend to margin in a closed sandwich

A

no

it is overlaid with resin compsoite

48
Q

which sandwich technique do you use in PTs with high caries risk

A

opepn sandwich

49
Q

Technique for Mini-flap

A

First incision started at line angles:
At right angle to free gingival margin.

Second incision directed more apically:
Confined to attached tissue.

50
Q

how do you modify the rubber dam for Class V lesions

A

place hole 2-3mm more facial
modify the clamp by bending the lingual beak UP
so the facial beak sits more apical and away from gingival margin of prep

51
Q

Fine finishing bur

A

12 flutes = Red stripe = $6.00

52
Q

Extra fine finishing bur

A

30 flutes = Yellow stripe = $10.50

53
Q

Cutting burs

A

6 flutes

54
Q

which is first

finishing or polishing

A

finsih first

then polish

55
Q

what happens if you polish before you finish

A

the top of the scratch is all that gets polished (bad plan)

56
Q

should you use a cup or a wheel jiffy?

A

The outer edge of cups and wheels spin faster than points so, in places cups fit, it is more efficient to use the cup

57
Q

is a low viscosity resin (like Permaseal) a good substitute to good polishing

A

no

58
Q

what sof-lex disc is stiffeer

A

thinner disk is more stiff

59
Q

which sof lex disk is more abrasive

A

darker colored ones

60
Q

visual perception of something is not only color

what else effect it

A 
tooth shape
tooth size
texture
position
light source
61
Q

the best way to detect root caries is

A

softness of the lesion surface.

62
Q

what do you use (radiograph) to detect PROXIMAL lesions

A

vertical bitewings

63
Q

materials used for bulk replacement

or to block out undercuts

A

bases

64
Q

a material used for therapeutic effect

CaOH formulations

Glass-ionomers including RMGIs

A

Liners

65
Q

a protective coating for freshly cut tooth stucture
Varnishes
Resin Bonding Agents

A

Sealers

66
Q

many characteristics of a good restoration
what do sealers and liners and bases help with
two bullet points

A

Mitigate the effect of noxious stimuli

Seal the margins from leakage

67
Q

what fibers are activated in a noxious stimuli

A

a delta

68
Q

how can you mitigate the effects of noxious stimuli

A

use light pressure when prepping
use water
use SHARP instruments
slow speed handpieces are often more traumatic than high speed

69
Q

where are there more dentinal tubules

A 
at the pulp
bigger diameter
more in number
more surface area 
compared to DEJ
70
Q

0.5 mm of dentin will reduce the effect of toxic substances by

A

75%

71
Q

1.0 mm of dentin will reduce the effect of toxic substances by

A

90%

72
Q

2.0 mm of dentin will reduce the effect of toxic substances by

A

100%

73
Q

2 types of liners

A

CaOH

Glass ionomer - fluoride release

74
Q

CaOH can be used for both…

A

direct and indirect pulp capping

75
Q

what is the max thickness a CaOH liner can be

A

0.5 mm – if any thicker, it wont withstand the condensation force of amalgam

76
Q

High Ph is antibacterial
Assists in the formation of reparative dentin
May result in faster dentin bridge formation when compared to resin adhesives

are all reasons you use

A

CaOH as a liner

77
Q

Successful direct pulp cap is characterized by an

A

asymptomatic tooth that retains vitality

78
Q

No history of spontaneous pain
Pain subsides when hot or cold removed from the tooth
No evidence of endodontic periradicular lesion
Normal EPT
No percussion sensitivity

A

use an INDIRECT pulp cap

79
Q

CaOH two paste system

A

Dycal

Mix equal lengths of base & catalyst until uniform in colo

80
Q

Light cured CaOH liner

A

Ultrablend Plus by ultradent

more controlled delivery

81
Q

When do you use glass ionomer

A

it can be a liner or a bse
use it on top of CaOH

chemical bond – fluoride release

82
Q

which has a higher modulus of elasticity

less flexible

A

Glass ionomer liner

why you use it on TOP of CaOH

83
Q

Fluoride release
Adhesion to dentin
Radiopaque
Antibacterial

descries…

A

glass ionomer

84
Q

Glass ionomers can be used as…

5 things

A

luting agents, restoratives, core buildup materials, or liners and bases

85
Q

Do you use a base for pulp protection

A

no

86
Q

what is used to block out undercuts and to reduce bulk of metallic restorative materials

A

bases

87
Q

in a varnish, why is corrosion good

A

corrosion effectively seals the gap bbetwen tooth and amalgam

88
Q

what corrodes faster
low copper amalgam
or high copper amalgam

A

low copper
only takes a few months to corrode
high copper may take 2 years

89
Q

how do adhesive sealers stick to restortive material

A

to amalgam - mechanical bond

to resin - free radicals; chemical bond

90
Q

what are the three components of a composite

A

matrix. filler. coupling agent

91
Q

plastic resin that polymerizes and forms rigid cross linked polymer chains with itself and the filler

has monomers
initiators
pigments for esthetics/opacity

A

matrix (part of composite)

92
Q

reinforcing particles/fibers scattered throughout the matrix

improves physical properties

A

filler

93
Q

a bonding agent that adheres the matrix and the filler together

A

Coupling agent

94
Q

how do adhesive sealers stick to restortive material

A

to amalgam - mechanical bond

to resin - free radicals; chemical bond

95
Q

what are the three components of a composite

A

matrix. filler. coupling agent

96
Q

plastic resin that polymerizes and forms rigid cross linked polymer chains with itself and the filler

has monomers
initiators
pigments for esthetics/opacity

A

matrix (part of composite)

97
Q

reinforcing particles/fibers scattered throughout the matrix

improves physical properties by reducing shrinkage by taking up space

A

filler

98
Q

a bonding agent that adheres the matrix and the filler together

A

Coupling agent

99
Q

what reduce the amount of matrix and strengthen the composite

A

fillers

100
Q

how are composites classified

A

classified by the size of the filler particles

101
Q

what are two microfilled composites

A

heliomolar

renamel microfill

102
Q

what are 3 hybrid composites

A

z100
vit-l-escnce
renamel microhybrid

103
Q

which composites are easier to polish

A

the ones that have smaller filler particle size

microfill or nanofill

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