final exam operative

Question 1

What are supporting cusps

Answer 1

STAMP CUSPS
the ones that contact in MIP
OPPOSITE OF BULL

Question 2

what are guiding cusps

Answer 2

IDLING CUSPS
NON-SUPPORTING
MAY contact when mandible moves laterally
BULL

Question 3

What are the two forms of MIP contacts

Answer 3

combination of cusp to marginal ridge and cusp to fossa (more common)

only cusp to fossa

Question 4

what if often referred to as ideal or normal occlusion

Answer 4

Cusp-to-marginal ridge and cusp-to-fossa occlusion (combination of both)

Question 5

describe functional activiities and border movements of max and mand

Answer 5

max - the lines come off anterior

mand - the lines come off posterior (tip/point is most anterior part)

Question 6

what is the purpose of a fossa

Answer 6

it channels food that is being chewed AWAY from the interproximal spaces and into the fossa instead

Question 7

what kind of lever is the mandible

Answer 7

clss 3

because of the location of the masseter and TMJ

Question 8

the further anterior in the arch,

Answer 8

the less force/load the masseters can exert on the teeth

Question 9

describe mutual protection

Answer 9

Anterior teeth protect the posterior teeth in eccentric movements of the mandible

Posterior teeth protect anterior teeth in MI

Question 10

with regards to occlusion, what do you do before you place the rubber damn

Answer 10

pre mark the occlusion

Question 11

if there is canine guidance… there is NO…

Answer 11

no contact in eccentric

Question 12

In a group-function occlusal scheme, any eccentric contact should …

Answer 12

harmonize with other eccentric markings, and should only involve facial (buccal) cusps.

Question 13

which contacts do you exaggerate with thicker tape

Answer 13

excursives

Question 14

which contacts go first

Answer 14

excursives

MIPs go on top of excursives

Question 15

when you place a restoration and adjust occlusion in MI…

Answer 15

make sure there are no heavy marks in CR position or in slide between CR and MIP.

Question 16

What contacts should remain on the teeth?

Answer 16

MI

Question 17

What marks should be removed off the teeth?

Answer 17

eccentric movements

Question 18

what are the 4 class 5 lesions

Answer 18

Cervical caries lesions (primary lesions)
Root caries lesions (primary lesions)
Recurrent caries lesions (secondary lesions)
Non-carious cervical lesions (NCCL)

Question 19

how can you tell the difference between an arrested nad active lesion

Answer 19

arrested - dark brown

active - yellowish brown

Question 20

what is the reason for seenig root caries before caries ont he crown

Answer 20

cementum and enamel respond differently to acid challenge

Question 21

hard, shiny, dark brown, distanced from gingival margin.

Answer 21

Advanced lesions

Question 22

Active lesions

Answer 22

soft, highly infected, found close to gingival margin.

Question 23

where does demineralization occur more rapidly?

root or enamel

Answer 23

on root

Question 24

6.2 is the pH of

Answer 24

dentin and cementum

Question 25

5.5 is the pH of

Answer 25

enamel

Question 26

why is demineralization more intense on the root surface

Answer 26

Caries process enhanced by reduced salivary flow.

Question 27

You will see that the SOFT TISSUE IS HEALTHY – no gingival inflammation because there is NO CARIES. No biofilm. No plaque. It is HEALTHY. NON CARIOUS

Answer 27

Non-Carious Cervical Lesions(NCCLs)

Question 28

what are the two shapes of NCCLs

Answer 28

U shape | V shape

Question 29

what is a cited causes of NCCL | BUT THESE REASONS ARE WRONG

Answer 29

``` tooth flexure (bending) abfraction lesions the tooth is “bending” – intereference in occlusion so the enamel breaks. This isn’t really why it happens. ```

Question 30

WHAT are the CORRECT reasons for NCCLs

Answer 30

Toothbrush vs Toothpaste Abrasion Combined effects in an acid challenge, caused by diet, gastric reflux, etc.

Question 31

So.. NCCLs are caused by..

Answer 31

MULTIFACTORIAL Tooth bending (abfraction) Erosion (acid effect) Abrasion (wear from toothpaste and brushing) Evidence shows no single etiological factor, but instead a combination.

Question 32

what are some things you need to consider when restoring a Class V lesion

Answer 32

Esthetics Access and isolation Variability of dentin composition

Question 33

what are 4 materials that can be used to restore a class V lesion

Answer 33

Glass ionomer Compomer RMGI Resin based composite

Question 34

why is the cervical margin of crowns weak?

Answer 34

the margin may be in dentin or cementum (over enamel) moisture contamination is more likely Mismatch of Coefficient of Thermal Expansion of enamel and that of restorative materials.

Question 35

how do you treat a NON CAVITATED lesion

Answer 35

preventive measures

Question 36

how do you treat a SHALLOW LESION

Answer 36

debride and fluoride

Question 37

how do you treat an ARRESTED LESION

Answer 37

fluoride and OHI

Question 38

how do you treat a cavitated lesion

Answer 38

Be aware of the restorative challenges in isolation, access, preparation, restorative material placement, etc.

Question 39

when do you consider restoring an NCCL

Answer 39

``` Intolerably or uncontrollably sensitive. Deep enough to endanger pulpal health. Deep enough to compromise the structural integrity of the tooth. Lesion is esthetically unacceptable. Under the clasp of an RPD. Lesion is cariously involved. ```

Question 40

if a PT is at high risk for caries... consider using

Answer 40

RMGI

Question 41

if esthetics is of main concern.. use

Answer 41

composite

Question 42

if you want to benefit from both RMGI and compsoite

Answer 42

just sandwich them

Question 43

as fluoride release increases...

Answer 43

``` bond strength and physical propertie DECREASE glass ionomer (most fluoride) RMGI next compomer resin composite least fluoride ```

Question 44

Resin Modified Glass Ionomers are more esthetic than

Answer 44

conventional glass ionomers | still release fluoride and have chemical adhesion to tooth

Question 45

RMGI is the best balance of

Answer 45

F- release. Recharge. Physical properties.

Question 46

how do you treat the dentin in RMGI

Answer 46

condition it not etch it Removal of smear layer to expose tooth mineral for bonding. Usually accomplished with polyacrylic acid. Varies from 10% - 20% Rule of 200 (% X Time = 200)

Question 47

does RMGI extend to margin in a closed sandwich

Answer 47

no | it is overlaid with resin compsoite

Question 48

which sandwich technique do you use in PTs with high caries risk

Answer 48

opepn sandwich

Question 49

Technique for Mini-flap

Answer 49

First incision started at line angles: At right angle to free gingival margin. Second incision directed more apically: Confined to attached tissue.

Question 50

how do you modify the rubber dam for Class V lesions

Answer 50

place hole 2-3mm more facial modify the clamp by bending the lingual beak UP so the facial beak sits more apical and away from gingival margin of prep

Question 51

Fine finishing bur

Answer 51

12 flutes = Red stripe = $6.00

Question 52

Extra fine finishing bur

Answer 52

30 flutes = Yellow stripe = $10.50

Question 53

Cutting burs

Answer 53

6 flutes

Question 54

which is first | finishing or polishing

Answer 54

finsih first | then polish

Question 55

what happens if you polish before you finish

Answer 55

the top of the scratch is all that gets polished (bad plan)

Question 56

should you use a cup or a wheel jiffy?

Answer 56

The outer edge of cups and wheels spin faster than points so, in places cups fit, it is more efficient to use the cup

Question 57

is a low viscosity resin (like Permaseal) a good substitute to good polishing

Answer 57

no

Question 58

what sof-lex disc is stiffeer

Answer 58

thinner disk is more stiff

Question 59

which sof lex disk is more abrasive

Answer 59

darker colored ones

Question 60

visual perception of something is not only color | what else effect it

Answer 60

``` tooth shape tooth size texture position light source ```

Question 61

the best way to detect root caries is

Answer 61

softness of the lesion surface.

Question 62

what do you use (radiograph) to detect PROXIMAL lesions

Answer 62

vertical bitewings

Question 63

materials used for bulk replacement | or to block out undercuts

Answer 63

bases

Question 64

a material used for therapeutic effect CaOH formulations Glass-ionomers including RMGIs

Answer 64

Liners

Question 65

a protective coating for freshly cut tooth stucture Varnishes Resin Bonding Agents

Answer 65

Sealers

Question 66

many characteristics of a good restoration what do sealers and liners and bases help with two bullet points

Answer 66

Mitigate the effect of noxious stimuli | Seal the margins from leakage

Question 67

what fibers are activated in a noxious stimuli

Answer 67

a delta

Question 68

how can you mitigate the effects of noxious stimuli

Answer 68

use light pressure when prepping use water use SHARP instruments slow speed handpieces are often more traumatic than high speed

Question 69

where are there more dentinal tubules

Answer 69

``` at the pulp bigger diameter more in number more surface area compared to DEJ ```

Question 70

0.5 mm of dentin will reduce the effect of toxic substances by

Answer 70

75%

Question 71

1.0 mm of dentin will reduce the effect of toxic substances by

Answer 71

90%

Question 72

2.0 mm of dentin will reduce the effect of toxic substances by

Answer 72

100%

Question 73

2 types of liners

Answer 73

CaOH | Glass ionomer - fluoride release

Question 74

CaOH can be used for both...

Answer 74

direct and indirect pulp capping

Question 75

what is the max thickness a CaOH liner can be

Answer 75

0.5 mm -- if any thicker, it wont withstand the condensation force of amalgam

Question 76

High Ph is antibacterial Assists in the formation of reparative dentin May result in faster dentin bridge formation when compared to resin adhesives are all reasons you use

Answer 76

CaOH as a liner

Question 77

Successful direct pulp cap is characterized by an

Answer 77

asymptomatic tooth that retains vitality

Question 78

No history of spontaneous pain Pain subsides when hot or cold removed from the tooth No evidence of endodontic periradicular lesion Normal EPT No percussion sensitivity

Answer 78

use an INDIRECT pulp cap

Question 79

CaOH two paste system

Answer 79

Dycal | Mix equal lengths of base & catalyst until uniform in colo

Question 80

Light cured CaOH liner

Answer 80

Ultrablend Plus by ultradent | more controlled delivery

Question 81

When do you use glass ionomer

Answer 81

it can be a liner or a bse use it on top of CaOH chemical bond -- fluoride release

Question 82

which has a higher modulus of elasticity | less flexible

Answer 82

Glass ionomer liner | why you use it on TOP of CaOH

Question 83

Fluoride release Adhesion to dentin Radiopaque Antibacterial descries...

Answer 83

glass ionomer

Question 84

Glass ionomers can be used as... | 5 things

Answer 84

luting agents, restoratives, core buildup materials, or liners and bases

Question 85

Do you use a base for pulp protection

Answer 85

no

Question 86

what is used to block out undercuts and to reduce bulk of metallic restorative materials

Answer 86

bases

Question 87

in a varnish, why is corrosion good

Answer 87

corrosion effectively seals the gap bbetwen tooth and amalgam

Question 88

what corrodes faster low copper amalgam or high copper amalgam

Answer 88

low copper only takes a few months to corrode high copper may take 2 years

Question 89

how do adhesive sealers stick to restortive material

Answer 89

to amalgam - mechanical bond | to resin - free radicals; chemical bond

Question 90

what are the three components of a composite

Answer 90

matrix. filler. coupling agent

Question 91

plastic resin that polymerizes and forms rigid cross linked polymer chains with itself and the filler has monomers initiators pigments for esthetics/opacity

Answer 91

matrix (part of composite)

Question 92

reinforcing particles/fibers scattered throughout the matrix improves physical properties

Answer 92

filler

Question 93

a bonding agent that adheres the matrix and the filler together

Answer 93

Coupling agent

Question 94

how do adhesive sealers stick to restortive material

Answer 94

to amalgam - mechanical bond | to resin - free radicals; chemical bond

Question 95

what are the three components of a composite

Answer 95

matrix. filler. coupling agent

Question 96

plastic resin that polymerizes and forms rigid cross linked polymer chains with itself and the filler has monomers initiators pigments for esthetics/opacity

Answer 96

matrix (part of composite)

Question 97

reinforcing particles/fibers scattered throughout the matrix improves physical properties by reducing shrinkage by taking up space

Answer 97

filler

Question 98

a bonding agent that adheres the matrix and the filler together

Answer 98

Coupling agent

Question 99

what reduce the amount of matrix and strengthen the composite

Answer 99

fillers

Question 100

how are composites classified

Answer 100

classified by the size of the filler particles

Question 101

what are two microfilled composites

Answer 101

heliomolar | renamel microfill

Question 102

what are 3 hybrid composites

Answer 102

z100 vit-l-escnce renamel microhybrid

Question 103

which composites are easier to polish

Answer 103

the ones that have smaller filler particle size | microfill or nanofill