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tqm > Final exam notes > Flashcards

Final exam notes Flashcards

1
Q

a function or system that transforms inputs into outputs of greater value

A

Operations

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2
Q

a series of activities along a value chain extending from
supplier to customer activities that do not add value are superfluous and should be
eliminated

A

Transformation Process

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3
Q

design, operation, and improvement of productive systems

A

Operations Management

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4
Q

as in manufacturing operations

A

Physical

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5
Q

as in transportation operations

A

Locational

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6
Q

as in retail operations

A

Exchange

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7
Q

as in health care

A

Physiological

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8
Q

as in entertainment

A

Psychological

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9
Q

As an auditor you must understand the fundamentals of operations
management

A

Accounting

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10
Q

“IT is a tool, and there’s no better place to apply it than in
operations

A

Information technology

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11
Q

We use so many things you learn in an operations class— scheduling, lean production, theory of constraints, and tons of quality tools.

A

Management

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12
Q

“It’s all about processes. I live by flowcharts and Pareto analysis.

A

Economics

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13
Q

How can you do a good job marketing a product if you’re unsure of its quality or delivery status?

A

Marketing

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14
Q

Most of our capital budgeting requests are from operations, and most of our cost savings, too

A

Finance

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15
Q

process of handcrafting products or services for individual
customers

A

Craft Production

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16
Q

dividing a job into a series of small tasks each performed by a
different worker

A

Division of Labor

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17
Q

standardization of parts initially as replacement parts; enabled
mass production

A

Interchangeable parts

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18
Q

systematic analysis of work methods

A

Scientific Management

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19
Q

high-volume production of a standardized product for a mass market

A

Mass Production

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20
Q

adaptation of mass production that prizes quality and flexibility

A

Lean Production

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21
Q

Steam engine, 1769, James Watt
Division of labor, 1776, Adam Smith
Interchangeable parts, 1790 ,Eli Whitney

A

Industrial Revolution

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22
Q

Principles of scientific management,1911, Frederick W. Taylor
Time and motion studies, 1911, Frank and Lillian
Gilbreth
Activity scheduling chart, 1912, Henry Gantt
Moving assembly line,1913, Henry Ford

A

Scientific Management

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23
Q

Hawthorne studies ,1930,Elton Mayo
Motivation theories ,1950s Frederick Herzberg

A

Human Relations

24
Q

Linear programming ,1947 George, Dantzig
Digital computer ,1951 ,Remington Rand

A

Operations Research

25
Q

JIT (just-in-time), 1970s ,Taiichi Ohno (Toyota)
TQM (total quality management), W Edwards Deming,
Joseph Juran ,1980s

A

Quality Revolution

26
Q

Globalization and Competitiveness

A

Favorable cost
● Access to international markets
● Response to changes in demand
● Reliable sources of supply
● 14 major trade agreements in 1990s Peak: 26% in 2000

27
Q

Risks of Globalization

A

Cultural differences
● Supply chain logistics
● Safety, security, and stability
● Quality problems
● Corporate image
● Loss of capabilities

28
Q

degree to which a nation can produce goods and services that meet
the test of international markets

A

Competitiveness

29
Q

of output to input Output sales made, products produced,
customers served, meals delivered, or calls answered

A

Productivity ratio

30
Q

labor hours, investment in equipment, material usage, or square footage

A

Input

31
Q

output increases with little or no increase in input

A

Become efficient

32
Q

both output and input grow with output growing more rapidly

A

Expand

33
Q

output increases while input decreases

A

Achieve breakthroughs

34
Q
  • output remains the same and input is reduced
A

Downsize -

35
Q

both output and input decrease, with input decreasing at a faster rate

A

Retrench-

36
Q

ranking
Global Competitiveness

A

. Finland
2. United States
3. Sweden
4. Denmark
5. Taiwan
6. Singapore
7. Switzerland
8. Iceland
9. Norway
10.Australia

37
Q

Operations–Oriented Barriers to Entry

A

Economies of Scale
● Capital Investment
● Access to Supply and Distribution Channels
● Learning Curve

38
Q

Finance:

A

KPA: Financial Management
KRI: Profit Margin, Cash Flow, Debt-to-Equity Ratio, Budget Variance, Accounts Receivable

39
Q

Sales Department

A

KPA: Sales Performance
KRI: Sales Revenue, Customer Acquisition Rate, Sales Conversion Rate, Average Order Value,
Sales Growth by Region/Segment.

40
Q

Accounting

A

KPA: Financial Reporting and Compliance
KRI: Timeliness of Financial Reports, Accuracy of Financial Statements, Audit Findings,
Compliance with Tax Regulations, Receivables/Payables Aging

41
Q

HR

A

KPA: Talent Management
KRI: Employee Satisfaction, Training Effectiveness, Turnover Rate, Diversity and Inclusion
Metrics, HR Policy Compliance

42
Q

Logistics:

A

KPA: Supply Chain Efficiency
KRI: On-time Delivery, Inventory Turnover, Transportation Cost per Unit, Order Accuracy,
Warehouse Utilization.

43
Q

Operations Function

A

Operations
 Marketing
 Finance and accounting
 Human resources
 Outside suppliers

44
Q

-Industrial Revolution,
Steam Engine, 1769
Division of labor, 1776,
Interchangeable parts, 1790,

A

James Watt
Adam Smith
Eli Whitney

45
Q

-Scientific Management
Principles of scientific management, 1911
Time and motion studies,1911
Activity scheduling chart ,1912
Moving assembly line, 1913

A

Frederick W. Taylor
Frank and Lillian Gilbreth
Henry Gantt
Henry Ford

46
Q
  • Human Relations
    Hawthorne studies ,1930
    Motivation theories, 1940, 1950,1960
A

Elton Mayo
Abraham Maslow, Frederick Herzberg, Douglas McGregor

47
Q

-Operations Research
, Linear programming, 1947,
Digital computer, 1951 ,
Simulation, waiting line theory, decision theory, PERT/CPM, 1950
MRP, EDI, EFT, CIM, 1960s, 1970s

A

George Dantzig
Remington Rand
Operations research groups
Joseph Orlicky, IBM and others

48
Q

-Quality Revolution
JIT (just-in-time), 1970s ,
TQM (total quality management) ,1980s
Strategy and operations, 1990s,
Business process reengineering, 1990s,

A

Taiichi Ohno (Toyota)
W. Edwards Deming, Joseph Juran
Wickham Skinner, Robert Hayes
Michael Hammer, James Champy

49
Q

-Globalization
WTO, European Union, and other trade agreements, 1990s
2000s,

A

Numerous countries and companies

50
Q

-Internet Revolution
Internet, WWW, ERP, supply chain management, 1990s
E-commerce 2000s

A

ARPANET, Tim, Berners-Lee SAP, i2 Technologies, ORACLE, PeopleSoft
Amazon, Yahoo, eBay, and others

51
Q

set of activities that create and deliver products to customer

A

Value chain

52
Q

Benefits of E-Business

A

Access to customers
worldwide

 Middlemen are
eliminated

 Access to suppliers
worldwide

Online auctions and e-
marketplaces

 Better and faster
decision making

 IT synergy

 Expanded supply
chains

53
Q

Single Factor Productivity

A

Output/Labor, Output/Materials, Output/ Capital

54
Q

Multifactor Productivity

A

Output/Labor+Materials+Overhead, Output/Labor+Energy+Capital,

55
Q

Multifactor Productivity

A

Output/Labors+Materials+Overhead,

56
Q

Total Factor Productivity

A

Goods and Services Produced/ All inputs used to produce item

57
Q

as in communication

A

informational

tqm (2 decks)

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