Final Exam Multiple Choice Questions 2023 Flashcards
If you are looking at an ECG with right axis deviation and also notice a wide QRS complex showing RSR’ with strain in V1 and the opposite in V6. Lead I has a negatively deflected QRS and III has a positively deflected QRS. What would this indicate?
A. RBBB with LPHB
B. RBBB with LAHB
C. RBBB
D. LBBB with LAHB
A. RBBB with LPHB
Submitted by BS
Which wall of the left ventricle is supplied by the circumflex coronary artery?
A. Anterior wall
B. Posterior wall
C. Inferior wall
D. Lateral wall
D. Lateral wall
Submitted by BS
If the S wave voltage in V1 is measuring 15mm and the R wave voltage in V5 is measuring 29mm what would this indicate?
A. RVH
B. LVH
C. LAE
D. RAE
B. LVH
Submitted by BS
What class of medication interferes with the movement of potassium ions into the cardiac cell during phase 3 of the action potential?
A. Class II Antiarrhythmic, Antihypertensive
B. Class IV Antiarrhythmic, Antihypertensive
C. Class III Emergency Antiarrhythmic
D. Class I Antiarrhythmic
C. Class III Emergency Antiarrhythmic
Submitted by BS
The ability of the systolic blood pressure to rise with exercise is known as ____.
A. Inotropic incompetence
B. Inotropic reserve
C. Chronotropic response
D. Chronotropic incompetence
B. Inotropic reserve
Submitted by BS
During an Action Potential, what phase is depolarization in?
A. Phase 0
B. Phase 1
C. Phase 2
D. Phase 3
A. Phase 0
Submitted by VB
A Lateral MI will show up where?
A. 1, aVF, V1-V3
B. 1, aVR V1-V3
C. 1, aVL, V5-V6
D. 1 aVF, V5-V6
C. 1 aVL, V5-V6
Submitted by VB
What is the MAX VO2 formula?
A. 2.34 x TM - 7.89
B. 2.34 x TM + 7.89
C. 2.94 x TM - 7.65
D. 2.94 x TM + 7.65
D. 2.94 x TM + 7.65
Submitted by VB
Determine the following axis quadrant, negative Lead 1 and a positive aVF. Which quadrant are we looking in?
A. Normal
B. LAD
C. RAD
D. Indeterminate
C. RAD
Submitted by VB
The Inferior wall of the heart is supplied by what coronary artery?
A. Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery
B. Right Coronary Artery
C. Circumflex Coronary Artery
D. Right Anterior Descending Coronary Artery
B. Right Coronary Artery
Submitted by VB
When looking for Miscellaneous Effects on the patient’s EKG you notice a long QT Interval. A long QT puts the patient at risk of what?
A. Bradycardia
B. Ventricular Tachycardia
C. 1st Degree AV Block
D. Junctional Bradycardia
B. Ventricular Tachycardia
Submitted by BB
Which of the follow should you advise your patient to do before coming to their stress test?
A. Do not eat anything 4 hours prior
B. Hair up and out of face
C. Do not take medications morning of
D. Avoid caffeine prior to exam
D. Avoid caffeine prior to exam
Submitted by BB
A normal T Wave is rounded with an amplitude of ___ in the frontal leads.
A. Less than 4 mm
B. Greater than or equal to 3 mm
C. Greater than 5 mm
D. Greater than or equal to 5 mm
D. Greater than or equal to 5 mm
Submitted by BB
What effect does hypothyroid medication have on an EKG?
A. Lowers heart rate
B. Flattening of T waves
C. Raises heart rate
D. Has no effect
C. Raises heart rate
Submitted by BB
When looking at a 12 Lead, when is the only time you have to evaluate for a Hemiblock?
A. When you see LBBB
B. When you see RBBB
C. When you see LVH
D. When you see WPW
B. When you see RBBB
Submitted by BB
When looking at a 12-lead you notice flattened T waves and prominent U waves. Which of the following could cause this EKG change?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypercalcemia
D. Hypocalcemia
B. Hypokalemia
Submitted by VM
Which of the following EKG changes appears immediately before an MI starts, and is indicative of ischemic cardiac tissue?
A. ST elevation
B. Significant Q wave
C. Inverted T wave
D. Significant R wave
C. Inverted T wave
Submitted by VM
When looking at each P wave on a 12-lead EKG, which of the following would indicate RAE?
A. P wave duration is 0.16 seconds
B. P wave duration is 0.10 seconds
C. P wave amplitude of 1 mm
D. P wave amplitude of 3 mm
D. P wave amplitude of 3 mm
Submitted by VM
Which of the following medications was most likely given to a patient if on their EKG you observe several seconds of asystole convert into sinus rhythm?
A. Adenosine
B. Dopamine
C. Nitroglycerine
D. Atropine
A. Adenosine
Submitted by VM
Which kind of stress test can help determined if the cardiac walls are receiving adequate blood and oxygen at peak exercise by observing if the walls thicken or contract well in systole?
A. Pharmacologic stress test
B. Exercise stress test
C. Stress Echo
D. Nuclear Stress Test
C. Stress Echo
Submitted by VM
What is hyperkalemia?
A. excessive Potassium in the bloodstream
B. excessive calcium
C. Potassium deficit
D. Calcium deficit
A. excessive Potassium in the bloodstream
submitted by AD
How can we identify Pericarditis in a QRS?
A. pointy P waves
B. convex ST elevation (frowny face)
C. concave ST elevation (smiley face)
D. Horizontal ST depression
C. concave ST elevation (smiley face)
submitted by AD
If there is a significant Q wave and ST elevation in leads ll, lll, and aVF which type of infarct occured?
A. Posterior
B.Antero-septal
C.lateral
D.Inferior
D.Inferior
submitted by AD
During which situation will epinephrine be used?
A. Pharmacologic stress test
B. Heart failure
C. allergic reactions
D.SVT’s
C. allergic reactions
submitted by AD
If seen which of the following an absolute reason to not perform a stress test?
A. severe hypertension
B. second or third degree AV Block
C. uncontrolled tachyarrhythmias
D. Acute MI <48 hours old
D. Acute MI <48 hours old
submitted by AD
Which of the following is not a cause of axis deviation?
A. Arrhythmias
B. Advanced pregnancy or obesity
C. Endocarditis
D. Chronic lung disease, Pulmonary embolus
C. Endocarditis
Submitted by JA
If the QRS in lead 1 is negative and AVF is positive what would the axis quadrant be?
A. Right axis deviation
B. Left axis deviation
C. Indeterminant axis
D. Normal axis
A. Right axis deviation
Submitted by JA
Symptoms of Myocardial infarction include all of the following except?
A. Shortness of breath
B. Diaphoresis
C. Nausea/ vomiting
D. Tinnitus
D. Tinnitus
Submitted by JA
Which type of ST depression is most indicative of CAD?
A. Upsloping
B. Downsloping
C. Horizontal
D. J point
B. Downsloping
Submitted by JA
Which of the following is not a generic/ brand name for calcium channel blockers?
A. Verapamil
B. Ibutilide
C. Diltiazem
D. Amolodipine
B. Ibutilide
Submitted by JA
The Indeterminate axis is between?
A. 0 and +90°
B. -90° and ±180°
C. +90° and ±180°
D. 0 and -90°
B. -90° and ±180°
Submitted by LK
Which Infarct Imposter has the following: “fishhook”, common in young people, often accompanies LVH?
A. Pericarditis
B. LVH
C. Early Repolarization
D. Digitalis Effect
C. Early Repolarization
Submitted by LK
When looking for a RBBB, what should you see in V1?
A. Significant Q in V1
B. QS or RS in V1
C. T wave inversion
D. RSR’ in V1
D. RSR’ in V1
Submitted by LK
Which of the following is an acceptable peak rate pressure product?
A. 24,250
B. 24,800
C. 22,700
D. 26,450
D. 26,450
Submitted by LK
What are Bronchodilators used to treat?
A. Chronic Lung Disease
B. Edema
C. Angina
D. Depression
A. Chronic Lung Disease
Submitted by LK
A degree of +150º would fall under which axis quadrant?
A. indeterminate axis
B. left axis deviation
C. normal axis
D. right axis deviation
D. right axis deviation
Submitted by BC
When the myocardial tissue becomes ischemic due to an occluded artery, it becomes what color?
A. blue
B. black
C. white
D. brown
C. white
Submitted by BC
A 12-lead shows a shortened ST segment that also causes a shortened QT interval.What could be the reason of this EKG change?
A. hypocalcemia
B. hypercalcemia
C. hyperkalemia
D. hypokalemia
B. hypercalcemia
Submitted by BC
Nytroglycerin is a type of medication given to patients who suffer from what?
A. Angina
B. hypothyroidism
C. heart failure
D. hypertension
A. Angina
Submitted by BC
Which of the following statements is an example of a relative contraindication?
A. Patient has acute myocarditis
B. Patient has a resting BP of 226/120mmHg
C. Patient has a fever, swollen glands and body aches
D. Patient had an MI yesterday
B. Patient has a resting BP of 226/120mmHg
Submitted by BC
Which of the following conditions do not cause a low voltage EKG?
A. Obesity
B. Hypertension
C. Myxedema
D. Pericardial Effusion
B. Hypertension
Submitted by YO
Which of the following medications is a calcium channel blocker?
A. Adenosine
B. Metoprolol
C. Atropine
D. Amlodipine
D. Amlodipine
Submitted by YO
Which of the following is not a normal EKG change during a stress test?
A. Tall P waves
B. Shortened PR interval
C. Longer R-R intervals
D. Lower voltage QRS complexes
C. Longer R-R intervals
Submitted by YO
A signal-averaged EKG takes up to __ minutes?
A. 15
B. 20
C. 30
D. 45
B. 20
Submitted by YO
What 12 lead interpretation is an imposter for a posterior MI?
A. LVH
B. RVH
C. LBBB
D. RBBB
B. RVH
Submitted by YO
The part of the left bundle branch before it divides into its fascicles is called the:
A. Purkinje Fibers
B. Interventricular Septum
C. Common Bundle Branch
D. Bundle of His
C :Common Bundle Branch
Submitted by MO
What is the correct sequence of the three I’s of infarction?
A. ischemia, injury, infarction
B. injury, infraction, ischemia
C. ischemia,infarction, injury
D. infarction, injury, ischemia
A: ischemia, injury, infarction
Submitted by MO
How will ISCHEMIA of the anterior wall represent itself on a 12 lead EKG?
A. ST segment elevation in leads II, III, aVF
B. ST segment depression in leads II, III, aVF
C. ST segment elevation in leads V3 and V4
D. ST segment depression in leads V3 and V4.
D. ST segment depression in leads V3 and V4.
Submitted by MO
What type of medication are given to dilate the coronary arteries and improve coronary blood flow, thus reducing or eliminating chest pain?
A. Diuretics
B. Nitrates
C. Beta Blockers
D. Vasodilators
B. Nitrates
Submitted by MO
For submaximal stress testing, how much percentage of the heart rate must be reached?
A. 70%
B. 85 %
C. 65%
D. 90%
A. 70%
Submitted by MO
We cannot interpret RVH on a 12 lead if what is present?
A. RAE
B. LBBB
C. RBBB
D. Hemiblock
C. We do not interpret RVH if RBBB is present
Submitted by AW
which MI imposter involves an elevated ST segment that is concaved along with symptoms of inflamed endocardium and pericardium?
A. Digitalis
B. Severe angina
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Pericarditis
C. Pericarditis
Submitted by AW
In order to rule in a NONSTEMI, where on the 12 lead must we see ST depression and T wave inversion?
A. V1
B. Lead I
C. widespread throughout many leads
D. aVR
C. in order to rule in a nonstemi, we must see widespread (diffuse) ST depression and T wave inversion.
Submitted by AW
WHich emergency medication raises the HR by blocking acetylcholine?
A. Atropine
B. Lanoxin
C. Epinephrine
D. Dobutamine
A. Atropine; it is an anticholinergic. Atropine is sometimes given along with Dobutamine to raise HR
Submitted by AW
100 patients all tested positive for CAD on an angiogram. 72 of the patients test positive CAD on a stress test. What is the sensitivity percentage of the stress test?
A. 72 %
B. 100%
C. 28%
D. 38%
A. 72% sensitivity
Submitted by AW
Which of the following is a correct criterion for determining LVH?
A. Largest R wave plus largest S wave in precordial leads > 45 mm
B. R wave greater than or equal to S wave in V1
C. S wave depth in V1 + tallest R wave height in V5-V6 < 35 mm
D. R/S ratio greater than or equal to 1
A. Largest R wave plus largest S wave in precordial leads > 45 mm
Submitted by AS
Which of these is true about infarct imposters?
A. LBBB is an imposter for lateral MI
B. RVH in V1 is an imposter for inferior MI
C. LVH is an imposter for posterior MI
D. LBBB is an imposter for anterior MI
D. LBBB is an imposter for anterior MI
Submitted by AS
Which leads would display ST elevation and/or significant Q waves with an inferior MI?
A. V2-V4
B. I, aVL, V5-V6
C. II, III, aVF
D. aVR
C. II, III, aVF
Submitted by AS
What effect does Insulin have on an EKG?
A. Increases HR
B. Arrhythmia
C. AV blocks
D. None
D. None
Submitted by AS
Which exercise protocol is used for testing post-MI patients?
A. Bruce
B. Modified Bruce
C. Naughton
D. None, cannot perform stress test
C. Naughton
Submitted by AS
Which is NOT a cause for axial change?
A. Pregnancy
B. Excessive Exercise
C. Obesity
D. Lung condition
B. Excessive Exercise
Submitted by SH
Which is an absolute reason for termination?
A. Rating 2 Angina scale
B. Fatigue
C. Development of BBB or IVCD
D. Elevation ST seg
D. Elevation ST Seg
Submitted by SH
What is the function of anti-platelet medication?
A. help with angina
B. decrease platelet aggregation and inhibit thrombus formation
C. Break up blood clots by activating fibrinolysis
D. raises blood PH by relieving acidosis
B. decrease platelet aggregation and inhibit thrombus formation
Submitted by SH
How is right atrial enlargement indicated on an EKG?
A. QRS > 0.12 sec
B. P Wave > 2.5 mm
C. P wave > 0.12 sec
D. QRS < 0.12 sec
B. P Wave > 2.5 mm
Submitted by BC
How is left atrial enlargement indicated on an EKG?
A. QRS > 0.12 sec
B. P Wave < 2.5 mm
C. P wave > 0.12 sec
D QRS < 0.12 sec
C. P Wave > 0.12 sec
Submitted by BC
What effect does adenosine have on the EKG?
A. Slows the heart rate and converts to sinus rhythm
B. Increases the heart rate and converts to sinus rhythm
C. Prolonged PR
D. Narrow QRS
A. Slows the heart rate and converts to sinus rhythm (proceeded by several seconds of asystole)
Submitted by BC
Which of the following is an infarct imposter?
A. ST Elevation
B. T Wave Inversion
C. Early Repolarization
D. Prolonged PR Interval
C. Early Repolarization
Submitted by BC
When determining the axis quadrant, the QRS is positive in lead I and negative in AVF, what kind of axis deviation is there if any?
A. RAD
B. LAD
C. Normal
D. Indeterminate
B. LAD
Submitted by BC
What is the capital of Illinois?
A. Peoria
B. Palatine
C. Chicago
D. Springfield
D. Springfield
Submitted by KH
LVH is most commonly caused by
A. Chronic lung disease
B. Pregnancy
C. Hypertension
D. Arrhythmias
C. Hypertension
Submitted by JU
Where do myocardial infarctions mostly occur?
A. Left atrium
B. Left ventricle
C. Aorta
D. Right ventricle
B. Left ventricle
Submitted by JU
When looking for a LBBB, what should you see in V1?
A. RSR’
B. QS or RS
C. Small R
D. Inverted T waves
B. QS or RS
Submitted by JU
What effect do beta blockers have on an EKG?
A. Decreased heart rate
B. Prolonged PR, QRS and QT intervals
C. Increased heart rate
D. T wave inversion
A. Decreased heart rate
Submitted by JU
Which of the following is NOT a normal sign during a stress test?
A. Tall P waves
B. Shortened PR interval
C. Chronotropic incompetence
D. Decreased systemic vascular resistance
C. Chronotropic incompetence
Submitted by JU
Normal QRS should be no taller or deeper than _ in any lead.
A. 11mm
B. 13 mm
C. 7 mm
D. 14 mm
B. 13 mm
Submitted by NN
Which EKG change correctly describes old MI?
A. T wave inversion
B. Significant Q + T wave inversion
C. Significant Q only
D. Marked ST elevation + upright T wave
C. Significant Q only
Submitted by NN
What type of MI would ST elevation and/or significant Q in V2 to V4 indicate?
A. Inferior MI
B. Lateral MI
C. Anteroseptal MI
D. Anterior MI
D. Anterior MI
Submitted by NN
Which class of antiarrhythmics blocks the sympathetic nervous system’s beta - receptors, and slows the heart rate?
A. Calcium channel blockers
B. Beta - blockers
C. Potassium channel blockers
D. Sodium channel blockers
B. Beta - blockers
Submitted by NN
What are the ranges of systolic and diastolic pressure indicating severe hypertension (relative contraindication)?
A. systolic >210, diastolic > 120
B. systolic >220, diastolic > 100
C. systolic >180, diastolic > 90
D. systolic >200, diastolic > 110
D. systolic >200, diastolic > 110
Submitted by NN
