Final Exam Micro Flashcards
High G + C acid fast bacterium?
Mycobacterium
Which gram positive is responsible for more diseases than any other bacterial group?
Streptococcus
Source for many commercial antibiotics
Streptomyces
Why is Pseudomonas so pathogenic?
Vast genetic capacity, synthesize large numbers of enzymes, metabolize many strange things, ie. pesticides
Which Enterobactericae has over 2400 serovars and is part of the intestinal flora of poultry?
Salmonella enterica
How do Rickettsias differ from Chlamydias
Rickettsias transmit to humans by insects or ticks
Chlamydias transmit by humans or airborne
Which bacterium lacks a cell wall and causes atypical pneumonia?
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
How can you differentiate Staph from Strep?
Staph grape-like clusters
Strep chains of cocci circles, some oval shaped
What causes cat-scratch fever?
Bartinella henselae, a gram negative bacillus
Where is Lactobacillus found?
Vagina, oral cavity, intestinal tract
What bacterium causes antibiotic associated diarrhea?
Clostridium difficile or C. Diff
Dichotomous key
A sequence of questions with only two possible answers that leads the user to the correct name for a given thing.
Bordetella pertussis
Gram negative aerobic bacillus that causes pertussis or whooping cough
Chlamydia trochomatis
Most common sexually transmitted disease in the USe
Rhizobium
Alphaproteobacteria
Important for agriculture because it allows leguminous plants such as peas to fix nitrogen.
Differential staining
A staining technique that distinguishes objects on the basis of reactions to the stains applied to them.
What is phylogeny?
The evolutionary history or study of a group of organisms.
What is phylogenetic classification based on?
Based on the evolutionary relationships of living things, using fossils if available
Why are viruses not included in the three domain classification system?
Viruses are not composed of cells, and they use the anabolic (cell building) machinery within living host’s cells to multiply.
Why is binomial nomenclature important?
Efficient, accurate, used worldwide regardless of language
Define clone.
A population of cells derived from a single cell.
Taxonomic hierarchy
Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus species
Define a prokaryotic species
A population of cells with similar characteristics
Define a strain
Genetically different cells within a clone
What do biochemical tests determine?
Provide insight into a species niche in the ecosystem
Help determine through enzymatic activity of cells what the organism used for nutrients, likes certain environments for growth,
Produce acids or gases, or precipitates, provide different growing environments to determine the makeup of the organism
What is nucleic acid hybridization?
A technique that separates DNA strands from two different organisms to determine the extent of their similarity by matching base pairs.
What is the type of DNA amplification discussed in lab?
PCR polymerase chain reaction
