final exam india and southeast asia

Question 1

Kushans

Answer 1

from central Asia, barbarians who came in and conquered a single city state and established themselves as the new rulers
- converted to Hinduism by the Brahma priests

Question 2

Chandragupta I

Answer 2

creates the Gupta Empire with amazing military and gov’t leadership and creates a centralized gov’t
- claimed right to rule cuz of his descent from the Mauryans

Question 3

Chandragupta II

Answer 3

grandson of the first, brilliant scholar, wanted his empire to advance in the arts and sciences, not interested in war
- built first public university

Question 4

Maharajadhiraja

Answer 4

first one to take this title meaning “the great king of kings” was Chandragupta I

Question 5

Hinayana

Answer 5

“narrow way”, the only beliefs come from Buddha directly, Buddha was only a prophet, against bodhisattvas

Question 6

jati

Answer 6

wealthy commoners/businessmen that control the economy of the region

Question 7

Mahayana

Answer 7

“wide way”, broad range of beliefs and interpretations, Buddha was God-incarnate, enlightenment, many spiritual paths, believes in bodhisattvas

Question 8

Bodhisattvas

Answer 8

advanced souls that have reached nirvana or bodhi but chose to come back to help others

Question 9

Brahmanism

Answer 9

the elitist highest priestly caste of Hinduism

Question 10

Bhakti

Answer 10

new Hindu worship included in the sacred vedas & caused a rise in popularity (aestheticism to devotion based religious rites)

Question 11

Mahmud

Answer 11

leader of Turkish slaves who formed a kingdom in the old Kushan kingdom, extending Muslim control over the entire Indus Valley

Question 12

Sultanate of Delhi

Answer 12

the new Muslim state with the capital at Delhi, the center, to ensure loyalty
- allowed Hinduism but persecuted Buddhists

Question 13

Tamerlane

Answer 13

from Samarkand, claims to be a direct descendent of Alexander the Great and Genghis Khan and conquers the middle east and moves into India

Question 14

purdah

Answer 14

Islamic practice of keeping women “behind the veil” that was adopted in India

Question 15

Sikhism

Answer 15

new religion that arose in northwest India that rejected asceticism of Hinduism and accepted the participation in secular life

Question 16

Sanskrit

Answer 16

official language of India, including in courts and literature

Question 17

Ajanta Caves

Answer 17

Buddhist temple carved into the terrain of the Deccan Plateau

Question 18

Kalidasa

Answer 18

poet & playwright, equivalent to Shakespeare, popularized theater and his poems were meant to be sung

Question 19

wet rice economies

Answer 19

the first civilizations in southeast Asia arose near the riverbeds of Burma, Vietnam, and Cambodia whose agricultural staple was rice

Question 20

Ankor

Answer 20

most impressive city, capital of the Ankor kingdom which dominated the region of Cambodia until conquered by the Thai

Question 21

Ayutthaya

Answer 21

capital established by the Thai in Siam that built their capital in lower Thailand

Question 22

Malaysians

Answer 22

first to correctly navigate the ocean, immigrants from southeast China that moved into the Indonesian archipelago and down into the Pacific as far down as Tahiti, Hawaii, and Easter Island

Question 23

Srivijaya

Answer 23

kingdom that rose from taking advantage of the ships traveling through the Strait of Malacca

Question 24

Majapahit

Answer 24

trading kingdom that arose in the Straits of Sunda after Chola attacked Srivijaya

Question 25

Borobudur

Answer 25

massive Buddhist temple that shows Indian influence on Asia (think hitman map)

Question 26

shadow plays

Answer 26

puppet productions set to music