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Anatomy of Birds > Final Exam [INCOMPLETE] > Flashcards

Final Exam [INCOMPLETE] Flashcards

1
Q
A

Supraoccipital Bone

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2
Q
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Parietal Bone

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3
Q
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Frontal Bone

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4
Q
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Exoccipital Bone

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5
Q
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Nasal bone

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6
Q
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Premaxillary Bone

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7
Q
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Maxillary Bone

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8
Q
A

Lacrimal Bone

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9
Q
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Jugal Bone

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10
Q
A

Quadratojugal Bone

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11
Q
A

Supraoccipital Bone

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12
Q
A

Lacrimal Bone

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13
Q
A

Parietal Bone

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14
Q
A

Premaxillary Bone

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15
Q
A

Frontal Bone

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16
Q
A

Nasal Bone

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17
Q
A

Maxillary Bone

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18
Q
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Jugal Bone

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19
Q
A

Quadrate Bone

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20
Q
A

Interorbital Septum

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21
Q
A

Basioccipital Bone

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22
Q
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Basisphenoid Bone

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23
Q
A

Palatine Bone

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24
Q
A

Squamosal Bone

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25
Q

The Articular Surface for the Mandible is found on the…

A

Articular Bone

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26
Q

4

A

Pterygoid Bone

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27
Q
A

Urohyale

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28
Q
A

Paraglossum

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29
Q
A

Epihyale

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30
Q
A

Ceratohyale

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31
Q
A

Basihyale

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32
Q

What is shown?

A

The Hyobranchial Apparatus

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33
Q
A

Notarium

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34
Q
A

Unicate Process

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35
Q
A

Synsacrum

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36
Q
A

Pygostyl

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37
Q
A

Sternum

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38
Q
A

Sternal Rostrum

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39
Q
A

Craniolateral Process

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40
Q
A

Lateral Trabecula / Thoracic Process

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41
Q
A

Median Trabecule

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42
Q
A

Carina

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43
Q
A

Intermediate Trabecule / Abdominal Process

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44
Q
A

Clavicle / Furcula

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45
Q
A

Scapula

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46
Q
A

Coracoid Bone

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47
Q
A

Triosseal Canal

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48
Q
A

Humerus

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49
Q
A

Ulna

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50
Q
A

Radius

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51
Q
A

Radial Carpal Bone

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52
Q
A

Ulnar Carpal Bone

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53
Q
A

Carpometacarpus

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54
Q
A

Ossa Digitorum Manus

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55
Q
A

Renal Fossa

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56
Q
A

Preacetabular Wing of the Ilium

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57
Q
A

Postacetabular Wing of Ilium

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58
Q
A

Wing of Ischium

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59
Q
A

Ilioischiadic Foramen

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60
Q
A

Ischiopubic Window

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61
Q
A

Obturator Foramen

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62
Q
A

Acetabulum, Acetabular Foramen, Antitrochanter

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63
Q
A

Patella

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64
Q
A

Ossa Digitorum Pedis

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65
Q
A

Tarsometatarus

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66
Q
A

Fibula

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67
Q
A

Tibiotarsus

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68
Q
A

Femur

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69
Q

Number of Vertebrae in the Bird

A

Cervical: 13

Thoracic: 7

Lumbar + Sacral: 14

Coccygeal: 7

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70
Q
A

Pectoralis Muscle

Downstroke Muscle

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71
Q
A

Supracoracoideus Muscle

  • Upstroke Muscle*
  • Passes through the canalis triosseus*
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72
Q

Muscle used in the flexion mechanism of the digits when perching

A

m. ambiens

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73
Q
A

Gall Bladder

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74
Q
A

Spleen

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75
Q
A

Cloaca

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76
Q
A

Large Intestine

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77
Q
A

Gizzard / Ventriculus

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78
Q
A

Proventriculus

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79
Q
A

Crop

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80
Q
A

Oesophagus

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81
Q
A

Small Intestine

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82
Q
A

Double Caecum

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83
Q
A

Duodenal Loop / Duodenum

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84
Q
A

Pancreas

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85
Q
A

Liver

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86
Q

What are the three functions of the Crop?

A

Store Food

Moisten food

Sometimes Produce Crop Milk

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87
Q

What is the function of the Gizzard / Ventriculus?

A

Mechanical Digestion

Contains small stones

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88
Q
A

Infundibular Cleft

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89
Q
A

Aditus laryngis

Laryngeal Inlet

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90
Q
A

Lingual Papillae

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91
Q
A

Pharyngeal Papillae

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92
Q
A

Palatine Ridge / Palatine Papillae

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93
Q
A

Choana

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94
Q

Tongues without intrinsic muscles are…

A

non-protrudable

Intrinsic muscles are needed in order for the tongue to protrude

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95
Q

The crop is absent in…

A

Ducks, Geese, Owls

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96
Q

Crops are usually observed in…

A

Seed eating birds

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97
Q

Pigeons posess prolactin-sensitive epithelial cells in their crops which allow…

A

Production of crop-milk for chicks

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98
Q

The Hepatic peritoneal cavities are bound by the…

A

Posthepatic Septum

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99
Q

A

A

Stomach, Ventral Surface

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100
Q

B

A

Stomach, Opened Ventrally

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101
Q

1

A

Oesophagus

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102
Q

2

A

Proventriculus

ventriculus glandularis

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103
Q

3

A

Papillae

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104
Q

4

A

Deep Proventricular Glands

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105
Q

5

A

Lumen of Gizzard

106
Q

6

A

Caudal Blind Sac

107
Q

7

A

Cranial Blind Sac

108
Q

8

A

Pyloric Orifice

109
Q

9

A

Cranioventral Muscle Mass

110
Q

10

111
Q
A

Proventriculus and Ventriculus

112
Q
A

M. crassus cranioventralis

containing saccus cranialis

113
Q
A

M. crassus caudodorsalis

containing saccus caudalis

114
Q
A

Ventriculus

115
Q
A

Gastric Isthmus

116
Q
A

Proventriculus

117
Q
A

Descending Duodenum

118
Q

Name the Yellow area

A

Cuticle

cuticula gastris

119
Q
A

Descending Duodenum

120
Q
121
Q
A

Colorectum

122
Q
123
Q
A

Meckel’s Diverticulum

yolk duct remnant

124
Q

Which ducts enter the Ascending Duodenum?

A
  • Ductus pancreaticus*
  • Ductus coledochus*
125
Q
126
Q
127
Q
A

Ductus Deferens

128
Q
129
Q
130
Q
131
Q
132
Q
A

Coprourodeal Fold

133
Q
A

Cloacal Bursa

134
Q
A

Proctodeum

135
Q
136
Q
A

Caudal Mesenteric Artery

137
Q
A

Caudal Renal Vein

138
Q
A

Caudal Renal Portal Vein

139
Q
A

External Iliac Vein

140
Q
A

Common Iliac Vein

141
Q
A

Caudal Renal Vein

142
Q
A

Cranial Renal Vein

143
Q
A

Cranial Renal Portal Vein

144
Q
A

Ischiadic Vein

145
Q
A

Afferent Veins

146
Q
A

Caudal Mesenteric Vein

147
Q
A

Interiliac Anastomosis

148
Q
A

Internal Iliac Vein

149
Q
A

Median Sacral Artery

150
Q
A

Descending Aorta

151
Q
A

Internal Iliac Artery

152
Q
A

Caudal Renal Artery

153
Q
A

Ischiadic Foramen

154
Q
A

Ischiadic Artery

155
Q
A

Middle Renal Artery

156
Q
A

External Iliac Artery

157
Q
A

Efferent Veins

158
Q
A

Coeliac Artery

159
Q
A

Cranial Mesenteric Artery

160
Q
A

Cranial Renal Artery

161
Q
A

Caudal Vena Cava

162
Q
A

Renal Portal Valve

163
Q

What is shown?

A

Proximal Larynx

164
Q
A

Arythenoid Cartilage

165
Q
A

Cricoid Cartilage

166
Q
A

Precricoid Cartilage

167
Q
A

Trachea Cartilage

fully circular, unlike most mammals

168
Q
A

Abdominal Air Sac

paired

169
Q
A

Caudal Thoracic Air Sac

170
Q
A

Cranial Thoracic Air Sac

171
Q
172
Q
A

Clavicular Air Sac

L & R sacs are fused

173
Q
A

Cervical Air Sac

174
Q

Describe the blood flow furing rest

A

Blood passes caudally through afferent veins to the kidney

175
Q
A

Left Brachiocephalic Trunk

176
Q
A

Right Brachiocephalic Trunk

177
Q
A

Right Common Carotid Artery

178
Q
A

Right Cranial Vena Cava

179
Q
A

Right Atrium

180
Q
A

Left Subclavian Vein

181
Q
A

Left Cranial Vena Cava

182
Q

How many cups are found on the right Atrioventricular valve?

183
Q

How many cusps are found on the left Atrioventricular valve?

184
Q

Where most animals have intercostal arteries, birds have…

A

Intersegmental Arteries

185
Q
186
Q
187
Q
188
Q
189
Q

What is shown?

A

The syrinx

190
Q
191
Q
A

Interbronchial Ligament

192
Q
A

Sternotracheal Muscle

193
Q

Which structure is found between the tympanum to the bronchial cartilages?

A

Lateral Tympaniform Membrane

194
Q

When primary bronchi enter the lung, they are known as…

A

Mesobronchi

195
Q
A

Lateral/Medial Tympaniform Membrane

196
Q
A

Clavicular Air Sac

197
Q

Muscle found along the trachea

A

Lateral tracheal muscle

198
Q

Which regions of the lung are regarded as ‘neopulmo’?

A

Lateral Dorsal Sector

199
Q

Which regions of the lung are regarded as ‘paleopulmo’?

A

Mediodorsal sector

Medioventral sector

Lateroventral sector

200
Q

What is shown?

A

Parabronchi

201
Q

With the exeption of the abdominal air sacs, air travels to the air sacs via the…

A

Secondary Bronchi

202
Q

Which location can fluid be removed and vaccinations be put into a bird?

A

Infraorbital Sinus

203
Q
A

Caudal Nasal Concha

204
Q
A

Rostral Nasal Concha

205
Q
A

Middle Nasal Concha

206
Q
A

Middle Renal Division

207
Q
A

Caudal Renal Division

208
Q
A

Cranial Renal Division

209
Q

What is the non-protrusible phallus composed of?

A

Median Phalic Body (Unpaired)

Lateral Phalic Bodies (Paired)

Lymphatic Bodies

210
Q
A

Gelatinous Body

211
Q

Which nerve is found between the middle and caudal liver sector?

A

Isciadic Nerve

212
Q
213
Q
A

Proximal Umbilicus

214
Q
215
Q
216
Q
A

Umbilical Barbs

217
Q
A

Distal Umbilicus

218
Q

The rachis and the calamus form the…

A

Scapus (Core)

219
Q
A

Down Feather

220
Q

Give the two types of contour feather

A

Remiges

Retricies

221
Q

Remiges are…

A

‘Rowing feathers’

222
Q

Retricies are…

A

‘Steering feathers’

tail feathers

223
Q

What kind of feather is found on the head of a bird?

A

Hair Feathers

224
Q

Which bones is the Furcula made of?

A

2 clavicular bones

225
Q

Canalis triosseus is composed of…

A

Furcula

Os Coracoideus

Scapula

226
Q

Which muscle passes through the canalis triosseus?

A

m. supracoracoideus

227
Q

A furcula is needed in order to…

228
Q

Can air sacs pass thorugh bones?

229
Q

True or false, birds have two rows of carpal bone

230
Q

True or false: the tarsometatarsal is made of tarsal and metatarsal

231
Q

Sinus infraorbitalis is in contact with…

A

Concha nasalis caudalis

232
Q

The proximal Larynx is composed of…

A

Cricoid Cartilage

Precricoid Cartilage

Arythenoid Cartilage (Paired)

233
Q

What is the Pessulus?

A

Connects the tympanic cartilage

First point of bronchial cartilages in the syrinx

234
Q

Which muscle is used in vocalisation of the birds?

A

m. sternotrachealis
m. trachealis lateralis

235
Q

Give the muscles of the stomach

A

m. crassus cranioventralis
m. crassus caudodorsalis

236
Q

How many liver lobes do birds have?

237
Q

How many gall bladders do birds have?

238
Q

How many pancreatic lobes do birds have?

239
Q

The aorta of the bird is located on the…

240
Q

Long-flying feathers are called

241
Q

Ventral Side feathers are called

A

Down Fearthers

242
Q

If the Caudal Renal Portal Vein is closed, blood travels…

A

Back into the portal system

243
Q

True or false, the portal system is open when the bird is resting

244
Q

Is the portal of the kidney seen in non flying birds and flying birds?

245
Q

Which nerve is found along with the Optic Chiasma?

A

n. trachialis

246
Q

Name of the dorsal spinal cord

A

Corpus gelatinosum

247
Q

Which muscle opens the larynx?

A

m. dilatatom glottitis

248
Q

Which muscle closes the larynx?

A

m. constrictor glottis

249
Q
250
Q
A

Os coracoideum

251
Q
252
Q

What is the function of the supracoracoideus muscle?

A

Stabilise the wing

253
Q

How many crops do pigeons/doves posess?

254
Q

What is fissure of the brain is characteristic in birds?

A

Fissura Longitudinale

255
Q

What kind of valves can be found in the left atrioventricular opening of the bird’s heart?

A

3 Cusps

(Tricuspid Valve)

256
Q

Where can you find exactly the corpus gelatinosum?

A

Between the left and right dorsal funiculi of the lumbosacral spine

257
Q
A

divisio renalis media

258
Q

The renal portal valve is…during rest

259
Q

Can renal portal circulation be found in non-flying birds?

260
Q
A

Central Tendon

Anatomy of Birds (1 decks)

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