Final Exam History

Question 1

Political threat to slavery

Answer 1

Before the constitution went into affect 8 Northern states outlawed slavery, but the South feared being out voted by state legislature’s

Question 2

William Lloyd Garrison

Answer 2

He begins the liberator which is a newspaper which is an anti-slavery newspaper. Which led to the birth of abolitionism.

Question 3

Slavery numbers in 1860

Answer 3

1/2 of all slave owners owned fewer than 5 slaves.
7/8 Slave owners owned fewer than 20 slaves
2/3 of all white southern households owned 0 slaves
Wealthy people mostly has slaves

Question 4

Role of slavery extension in sectional conflict

Answer 4

he disagreement over whether to allow slavery to expand into new territories created a major divide between the North and South, ultimately escalating into the Civil War as the issue became increasingly polarized.

Question 5

Thornton Stringfellow’s justification of slavery

Answer 5

He believes slavery was justified by the bible. He argued that slavery was sanctioned
(allowed) under law of Moses, Jesus never condemned slavery, decedents of Ham Marked As servants by turning them black

Question 6

Mudsill Argument

Answer 6

James Henry Hammond believed that socioeconomic defended slavery. Slaves did the hard work so others could do “higher work”. All great economy’s rested on a mudsill class. Mudsill=slaves.

Question 7

Mudsill Argument: Economic

Answer 7

If not for the Souths cotton nations economy would collapse/ said that economic chaos would come to the US and Europe and would collapse slavery ultimately crashing the cotton industry

Question 8

Mudsill Argument: Social

Answer 8

In history all great civilizations rested on the mudsill class. The mudsill class did the hard labor which left the higher class to do the easy labor so they would have an advanced civilization.

Question 9

The Cornerstone Speech

Answer 9

Alexander Stephens VP of the confederacy gave the speech. The Confederacy was built on the belief that whites were superior to blacks in contrast to the United States, which was founded on the idea of equality for all.

Question 10

Missouri Compromise terms

Answer 10

This legislation admitted Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a non-slave state/Slavery was prohibited in the Louisiana Territory north of the 36°30’ latitude line, with the exception of Missouri

Question 11

Martin Van Buren’s role in creating Democratic Party

Answer 11

He took lead in creating the party. To help revive competition to avoid future conflict from the North and South

Question 12

Creation of Whig Party

Answer 12

Henry clay created the Whig party in opposition to Andrew Jacksons presidency.

Question 13

Who proposed the Wilmot’s Proviso

Answer 13

David Wilmot

Question 14

Who supported the Wilmot’s Proviso

Answer 14

Northerners

Question 15

Who opposed the Wilmot Proviso

Answer 15

Southerners

Question 16

what did the Wilmot Proviso require

Answer 16

slavery be prohibited in any territory acquired by the United States from Mexico following the Mexican-American War

Question 17

Popular Sovereignty

Answer 17

The people get to vote

Question 18

Reasons Northerners opposed slavery expansion

Answer 18

Slavery was Immoral/ Northerners relied on free labor so the North felt they couldn’t compete fairly economically/ wanted to keep blacks out of the West/ to limit Souths political power

Question 19

Reasons Southerners were calling for secession conventions by summer 1850

Answer 19

If congress enacts the Willmots Proviso/ If cali admitted as a free state/If Congress failed to pass new, more rigorous fugitives slave acts

Question 20

Four parts of Compromise of 1850

Answer 20

North:
-CA admitted as free state
D.C slave trading abolished
South:
-NM and Utah territory are organized on popular sovereignty basis
- fugitive slave law is passed

Question 21

Henry Clay’s rationale for opposing Wilmot’s Proviso

Answer 21

it would limit the spread of slavery and threaten the economic and political power of the Southern states

Question 22

“Bleeding Kansas”

Answer 22

A period of violent conflict in the Kansas Territory before the Civil War,Hundreds of Missourians invaded Kansas. Destroyed printing presses and burned buildings.

Question 23

“Bleeding Sumner”

Answer 23

Preston Brooks attacked Sumner with a cane in retaliation for a speech Sumner gave two days earlier. Sumner’s speech criticized slaveholders, including Brooks’s relative, Senator Andrew Butler, leaving Sumner almost dead

Question 24

William Seward’s view of slavery in territory acquired from Mexico

Answer 24

Seward was against the Mexican War because he feared it would increase the political power of slaveholders by expanding slave territory

Question 25

Fugitive Slave Law

Answer 25

required that slaves be returned to their owners, even if they were in a free state

Question 26

Kansas-Nebraska Act

Answer 26

Was made by Dem. Senator Stephen Douglas. He introduced the Kan and Neb territory on popular sovereignty basis/ declared that Missouri Compromise had been superseded by the principles/ Douglas bill would replace the compromise.
Admitted CA as a free state

Question 27

“Irrepressible Conflict” speech

Answer 27

Willam Seward said that we can not be both free and non free in the United states. We need to pick one. The only way to stop slavery is removing the Democratic party from the govt. To defeat the South Northerners must elect Republicans

Question 28

“House Divided” speech

Answer 28

Abraham Lincoln gave this speech. “a House divided against it self can not stand”. He says that slavery will stop or it won’t

Question 29

Dredd Scott ruling

Answer 29

The SC stated that Slaves will never be citizens, they will never be free, and they will always be slaves. They said that he did not have the right to even sue for this case. States that the “Missouri Compromise” is unconstitutional

Question 30

Why Southern states seceded

Answer 30

Bc slavery and tariffs

Question 31

How Civil War ended

Answer 31

General Robert E. Lee signed the ceasefire agreement of the Army of Northern Virginia, withdrawing the primary military force of the Confederate States of America from the Eastern Theater

Question 32

Role of sharecropping/tenant farming in post-war South

Answer 32

Sharecropping/Tennat farming was soulution to labor probiom in the south after the war
- possible for planters to obtain labor without paying wages
-possible for landless farmers to get soil w/out buying or renting.
• Tenant farming landlord provides his croppers w/ land, tools, fertilizer, seed, housing etc.
• Share Croping - owners and tennat farmers agreed to Share the proceeds of the crop at harvest times

Question 32

KKK

Answer 32

Ku Klux Klan was made to undo reconstruction
Aimed to destroy the republican party’s infrastructure , undermine the reconstruction state, reestablished control of black labor forces, and restore racial subordination in all southern states

Question 33

Steps required by Reconstruction Act of 1867 for state readmission to Union

Answer 33

Divide into military districts, draft a new state constitution guaranteeing Black male suffrage, have the constitution approved by Congress, and ratify the 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution

Question 34

13th Amendment

Answer 34

Outlawed Slavery

Question 35

14th Amendment

Answer 35

Defines all people born or naturalized in the U.S. as citizens.
Due Process: Prohibits states from depriving anyone of life, liberty, or property without following proper legal procedures.
Equal Protection Clause: Requires states to provide equal protection under the law to all people within their jurisdiction.

Question 36

15th Amendment

Answer 36

Guaranteed all races of MEN can vote

Question 37

Which political party ended Reconstruction and why

Answer 37

Republicans, so democrats would vote for William b Hayes. Which led to compromise of 1876