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Global > Final Exam GLOBAL 9H > Flashcards

Final Exam GLOBAL 9H Flashcards

test 6/17/22

1
Q

***Machiavelli’s quotes

A

1) end justifies the means

2) better to be feared than loved

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2
Q

***Type of government of the Mayas

A

de-centralized but had a trading center - TIKAL***

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3
Q

Mayans location

A

Mexico & parts of Central America

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4
Q

Achievements of the Mayas

A

math & science (called Greeks of the New World)

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5
Q

Why did Mayan’s decline?

A

no one knew

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6
Q

Aztec’s location

A

capital = Tenochitlan

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7
Q

Aztecs government

A

centralized - one king was a God

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8
Q

Aztec Achievements

A

Chinampas (floating gardens), gigantic empire, known for human sacrifice

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9
Q

Why did Aztecs decline?

A

Cortes - Spanish conquestador

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10
Q

Inca’s location

A

Chile + Peru

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11
Q

Inca’s Government

A

centralized - King was a God

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12
Q

Inca Achievements

A

Terrace farming (mountain farming), ROADS, quipo (system of writing but they were illiterate)

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13
Q

Why did Inca’s decline?

A

Pizzaro - Spanish conquestador

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14
Q

Islam

A

MONOTHEISTIC - Allah

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15
Q

Books of Islam

A 
Kuran = most important
Sharia = interpreted law book
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16
Q

Pillars of Islam

A

1 = no God but God

OTHERS
journey to Mecca (Hajj)
give alms to poor
pray 5 times a day facing Mecca
fasting during Ramadan
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17
Q

Founder of Islam

A

Muhammad

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18
Q

Why was Islam successful

A

attacked weak neighbors, united by faith, had camels (faster)

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19
Q

Split of Islam

A

SCHISM
fight over who is caliph after Muhammad

#1 Shia/Shittes - leader should be a descendent to Muhammad
#2 Sunni - anyone could be the leader
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20
Q

Dynasties of Islam

A

ABBASID = Golden Age
- medicine and math

Umayyad - not as important

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21
Q

***Islam Conquered

A

SPAIN

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22
Q

Geography of Africa

A
  • palisades (huge cliffs)
  • cataracts (currents and rapids)
  • Rivers - Nile, Niger and Senegal
  • deserts - Sahara + Kalahari
  • titisee fly - African sleep sickness
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23
Q

Kingdoms of Africa IN ORDER

A

Ghana -> Mali -> Songhai

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24
Q

Africa trade

A

TransSaharan trade route = SALT AND GOLD

north = salt (preserved food, and needed in diet)
western = gold
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25
Q

George Washington of Mali Empire

A

Sundiatta

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26
Q

Most famous African ruler

A

MONSAMUSA

had a famous hajj, stopped in Egypt, gave gold, hurt economy (10 years)

long term effect - people moved to Timbuktu (his capital)

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27
Q

Japan Geography

A

archipelago (small islands) - like Greece

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28
Q

Japan’s religion

A

polytheistic + animists + nature = SHINTO

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29
Q

Japan social pyramid

A

emperor (powerless) -> shogun (military general) -> Daimyo (land owners) -> Samari

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30
Q

***Code Samari’s follows

A

CODE OF BUSHIDO (like chivalry)

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31
Q

***Important family in Japan

A

TOKUGOWA SHOGUN = centralized Japan

passed SECLUSION ACT (closed doors to outside)

32
Q

***Mongols that took over China

A

Yuan Dynasty

run by Kublai Khan

33
Q

Who kicked the Mongols out?

A

Ming Dynasty

34
Q

***Who was an important person for the Ming Dynasty

A

Zheng He

35
Q

Who were the mongols who owned India?

A

Mughal Dynasty

run by Akbar the Great

36
Q

***What was Korea’s nickname?

A

“shrimp among whales”

37
Q

William the Conqueror

A

English King in feudal Eurpe
Won the Battle of Hastings - took over england
King of England and Normady

38
Q

Henry ll

A

accidently killed Thomas Beckett

2 kids = Richard Lionheart and John the Loser

39
Q

John king of England

A

lost to Pope, France, and own nobles

40
Q

Battle of Tours

A

stopped Muslims from advancing to France

won by Charles Martel

41
Q

***Holy Roman Emperor problems

A

Charlemagne bowed to Pope proving power

Barbarossa spending time in Italy, decreased power of HRE (decentralized)

42
Q

Catholic Church was…

A

the most powerful and stable institution in Middle Ages

43
Q

Feudalism vs manoralism

A

feudalism was POLITICAL (protection FOR land)

manorialism was ECONOMICAL (self sufficient) no trade was needed because everything was in a manor

44
Q

***Machiavelli book

A

Prince - shaped political thought

45
Q

***What made everyone want to trade in the Middle Ages?

A

COMMERCIAL REVOLUTION - insured goods

46
Q

***Thomas Aquinas

A

SCHOLASTICISM = using logic and faith to support Christian teachings

47
Q

***Key of gothic architecture

A

Flying buttresses (support pillars)

48
Q

Crusades was for

A

Gold, God, Glory

49
Q

name for Crusades and WHY

A

“worlds most successful failure”

  • plague, failed goal
  • trade, cultural diffusion, exploration
50
Q

***Canterbury Tale

A

By Chaucer

book on pilgrims visiting Thomas Beckett’s grave

51
Q

Where did the Renaissance start and WHY

A

Italy

  • finished plague first
  • had $
  • rebirth of Rome ideas took place in Italy for a reason
52
Q

Artists of Renaissance

A

Michelangelo, Leonardo, Raphael, and Donatello

53
Q

patron

A

financial supporter

most important = Medici family (Lorenzo)

54
Q

Luther

A

hated INDULGENCES (pay church for sins), did NOT recant, wrote the 95 Thesis

55
Q

***John Calvin

A

PREDESTINATION (predetermined place after death)

wrote the Institutes of Christian religion

56
Q

***John Calvin’s followers named…

A

“God’s chosen elect”

57
Q

***Henry Vlll wrote…

A

Act of Supremacy

58
Q

***Northern vs Southern Renaissance

A

South (Italy) = ART

North = change

59
Q

Catholic Reformation

A

Catholic Church countering Protestant formations

60
Q

Exploration cause

A

To avoid MIDDLEMEN (Muslims and Italians TAX)

find a DIFFERENT way

61
Q

The Encounter

A

COLUMBUS

62
Q

Columbian Exchange

A

Trade of food and animals

BAD for America –> received diseases

63
Q

Vasco Da Gama

A

first to reach southern tip of Africa

64
Q

Magellan

A

first to “circumnavigate” the globe

died in Philippines (discovered for Spain)

65
Q

Pizarro

A

killed Incas

66
Q

Cortes

A

killed Aztecs

67
Q

Why did the conquistadors defeat natives?

A

had better technologies, division of natives, thought they were Gods

68
Q

encomienda

A

plantation system using whips and force

69
Q

***Las Casas

A

priest who wrote letters to help natives

70
Q

Social pyramid from exploration

A 
Peninsulares (Spanish)
Creoles (Spanish descendants)
Mestizo (Europe and Native parents)
Mulatto (African and Europe parents)
Natives
71
Q

mercantilism

A

raw materials -> Europe -> sell back

Colonies existed for the good of the MOTHER COUNTRY

72
Q

TransAtlantic / Triangular Trade

A

Slaves from Africa

Raw materials for Americas

73
Q

Middle Passage

A

Slaves from Africa -> America

74
Q

***Absolutism in Europe

A

England was different than others because in the end the kings had ZERO POWER

75
Q

***Peter the Great

A

tried to WESTERNIZE Russia (rich people)

Global (1 decks)

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