Final Exam (dec) Flashcards
Levels of organization
Biosphere Biome Ecosystem Community Population Species
Ecology is…
Interactions between organisms and their environment
Food chain vs. food web
Food chain- 1 single path
Food web- plants and animals interconnected by different paths
List the trophic level and organism
- Producer
- Primary consumer
- Secondary consumer
- Tertiary consumer
- Quaternary consumer
- Apex consumer
Biotic vs. abiotic
Biotic- living factors
Abiotic- non living factors
What is the original source of energy in most ecosystems?
THE SUN
Herbivore
Plants only
Omnivores
Both animals and plants
Carnivore
Animals only
Detritivores
Eat decomposing matter
Decomposers
Dead organisms
Bacteria
Hydrologic cycle
Precipitation If dry Seepage Root Uptake Transpiration (liquid-gas) Condensation (gas-liquid-cloud) If saturated Run off Rivers/streams/ground Evaporation ( liquid-gas)
Nitrogen cycle
Nitrogen in the air
Lightning bolts
No2 formed
Nitrogen fixation
Niche
Relationship abiotic & biotic factors affecting it
Community interactions
Predation Competition Symbiosis Mutualism Commensalism Parasitism
Primary succession
Occurs following an opening of uninhabited, barren habit or that occurs in an environment that is devoid of vegetables and lacks of topsoil
Secondary succession
Occurs on a pre-existing soil after the primary succession has been disrupted or destroyed due to a disturbances that reduces population of the initial inhabitants
Biodiversity
Variety of life in the world or in a particular habit or ecosystem
Conservation biology
Scientific study of the nature and status of earths biodiversity with the aim of protecting species, their habitats and ecosystem from extinction and biotic factors
Hooke-
Gave the name “cells” (cork)
Leeuwenhoek-
Living things in cells (pondwater)
Schleidon
Plants are made up of cells
Schwann
Animals are made up of cells
Virchow
All cells come from pre- existing cells
Light microscope
In class use See living organisms
Scanning microscope
3D image
External
Transmission microscope
Slicing
Internal image
Prokaryotic
Lacks a nucleus
Only ribosomes
Simple
Eukaryotic
Has nuclues
Complex
Larger
Example of diffusion
Scents traveling through building
shark dissection and foods room
Osmosis
Diffusion of water
Hypo-> hyper (salt& sugars)
To the hyper
Nuclues
Control center
Ribosome
RNA
Golgi
Receives E.R
Packages and sends to membrane or other cells
Endoplasmic reticulum
Smooth-lipids
Rough- ribosomes and make protein
Mitochondria
Power house of the cell
Cellular respiration equation
C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + 36 ATP
Aerobic has..
3 phases
Glycolysis
Cytoplasm
Glucose -> pyruvic acids
2 ATP
Krebs cycle
Matrix
2 ATP
ETC
Inner membrane-cristea
32 ATP
Anaerobic has… But…
2 phases
But both do not happen, only 1
Anaerobic
Alcoholic and amino acids fermentation
Cell cycle
Interphase (G1, S, G2)- resting Mitosis (PMAT) Prophase- chromosome Metaphase chromosome Anaphase- chromosome Telophase- chromatin Cytokineses- chromatin, 2 daughter
Homozygous
TT or tt
Heterozygous
Tt
Recessive
tt
Dominant
TT or Tt
Phenotype
Physical apperance
Genotype
Set of alleles
Genetic make up
Diploid
Cell having 2 if every chromosomes
Haploid
Cell having 1 of every chromosomes.