Final Exam Chapter 9-13 Flashcards

1
Q

what is a gantt chart

A

uses bars to show length of each activity
easy for clients to understand and follow since it relates to calander days
doesent show relationships with arrows between activities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is a network diagram also known as

A

critical path method (CPM)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is a network diagram

A

shows relationships duration and float

does not provide the visual clarity that gantt charts have

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are some other types of schedules and what type of work are tehy used for

A

matrix = highrises
line of balance = roadways
horse blanket = transit systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what do you look at to choose the type of schedule

A
size of company
volume of work
type of construction
project size
project complexity
computer capabilitis
contract requirements
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is a detailed schedule

A

breaks major activities down into smaller tasks so the overallschedule can be analyzed further

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is summary schedules

A

groups activities under broadheadings ie. sitework foundations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are mini-schedules

A

a portion of the detailed or summary schedule that is broken down into even finer detail

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are short interval schedules aka

A

look ahead schedules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are short interval schedules

A

crated by supers or foremen to coordinate and manage work over a short period of time typically 3 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is a special purpose schedule

A

keeps track of activities that support the work ie. delivery, submittal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what do you use to make sure you have all the activities needed to mangae the project

A

work breakdown schedule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what questions do you ask in the sequencing stage

A

what other activities must be completed first
which activites can start when this one ends
which activities can occur simultaneously as this activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what are the basic rules to follow for determining durations

A

evaluate each activity as an independent operation
consult with subcontractors to get their time estimates
assume a standard crew size for each activity
adjust production rates to fit the job conditions
use a standard 8 hour day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

can the critical path change throughout the project

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what are the two most common types of schedules

A

gantt charts and Network diagrams

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what are the 2 techniques to make network diagrams

A

AOA

AON

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what does AOA stand for

A

the Activity is On the Arrow and Nodes show relationships

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what does AON stand for

A

Activity is On the Node and arrows show relationships

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is AON also known as

A

Precedence Diagramming

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what are 3 different types of activities that are included in a typical schedule

A
Production= physical construction work. install steel in concrete
procurement= obtaining materails and equipment
administrative= inspections, submitals, testing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is float also known as

A

slack

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what are the 3 calculations that you perform to ge thte project float

A

forward pass
backward pass
float calculation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what does the forward pass calculate

A

the early start and finish

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what does the backward pass calculate

A

the late start and finish

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what are the 3 stages of network diagram development

A
planning= what needs to be done
sequencing= in what order
scheduleing= how long does each task take
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what are the steps to teh project control cycle

A
develop project plan
establish the estimate and schedule
monitor the project performance
identify performance deviations
evaluate corrective options
make adjustments as needed
document report and evaluate results
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what is essential at the end of every project

A

a debriefeing and evaluation stage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

what are some factors that impact project performance

A
weather conditions
quality of the work force
quality of supervision
incorrect sequencing of work
change orders
overcrowded jobsite
defective materail
inadequate tools and equipment
late deliveries
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

what ae the primary tools used to track quality

A

plans and specs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

what ae some administrative tests

A
field observations
submittals
shop drawings
mock ups
inspections
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

what do you use to track project cost

A

a cost code

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

what is a cost code

A

a refrence number used to track cost and schedule info on project costs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

when over run occurs what are steps the super and pm can take

A

material price escalations
increasing the amount of work force
identifying quantity errors

35
Q

are change orders cost overruns

A

no

36
Q

what is crashing the schedule

A

it means to compress the overall schedule and take steps to accelerate activities in the schedule to get it done early

37
Q

what is Earned Value Analysis

A

used to determine the estimated value of work completed to date and compare it to actual work completed on the project

38
Q

What is PV and what does it mean

A

Planned Value
budgeted cost of work schedule
based on estimate and schedule

39
Q

what is EV and waht does it mean

A

Earned Value

budgeted cost of work performed

40
Q

what is AC and what does it mean

A

ACtual cost

actual cost of work performed

41
Q

what are questions to ask in the progress reports

A

how is the project doing overall
what sections of work appear to be vulnerable
is overall productivity improving or decling
what is the project completion date

42
Q

what are 3 sources of info needed for an effective project control system

A

estimate
schedule
field report

43
Q

how do cost codes get the numbers

A

usually start with the original CSI refrence number associated with the activity and then another number is assigned that represents the type of cost

44
Q

what is an escalation clause

A

in a contract when there is a suspision that some pricing component of the estimate is an a high state of flux and allows for some flex in the final price

45
Q

what is Earned Value Analysis

A

used to determine the estimated value of work completed to date on a project and compare that to the actual work completed on the project

46
Q

what happens in total quality managment

A
identify the problem
break the work down into smaller steps
Identify the weak link
determine the remedy
apply the remedy
measure the results
47
Q

what is the difference between quality assurance and Quality control

A

Quality assurance is at a process level and deals more with people and Quality control is at the project level and deals with procedures and paperwork

48
Q

what are the quality control mechanisms used to check for plan conformance

A
submittals
mock ups
shop drawings
testing standards
independent testing and inspections
building code inspections
supervisory inpections
49
Q

what are the quality assurance mechanisms

A
hiring practices
training programs
saftey
subcontracting practices
procurement methods
employee incentives
50
Q

what is a zero punch list

A

inspect work as it progresses so there is few punch list items at fianl walk through

51
Q

what is safety management offten covered under

A

quality specifications

52
Q

What does OSHA stand for

A

Occupational Safety and Health Administration

53
Q

what does OSHA do

A

establishes safety standards for construction
rigourous inspections at the job site
potential for fines if not followed

54
Q

what is the number one goal for safety management

A

mitigate hazards and prevent accidents

55
Q

what are 4 primary components of an effective safety management plan

A

management commitment
jobsite analysis
hazard prevention
safety and health training

56
Q

what are the 4 primary causes of jobsite accidents

A

falls
struck by materials, equipment, or other objects
crushed or trapped
electrical shocks

57
Q

what does the colors mean on the 4 corner diamond sign

A
blue= health
red= flammability
yellow= reactivity
white= protective equipment
58
Q

what are 3 fundamental objectives of a quality management plan

A

do things right the first time
prevent things from going wrong
continually improve the process (TQM)

59
Q

what does TQM stand for

A

Total Quality Management

60
Q

what does MSDS stand for

A

Material Safety Data Sheet

61
Q

what is MSDS

A

an information sheet documenting pertinent chemical info on various products used in construction

62
Q

what does EMR stand for and what is it

A

Experience Modification Rate

will affect your insurance costs

63
Q

what is a good EMR rate and what is bad

A
good = .4 - .75
Bad = 1.26 - 2.0
64
Q

What does FOR stand for and what does it mean

A

Field Observation Reports

everyone is encouraged to report any incorrect work

65
Q

whate are 3 steps to risk management

A

Risk identification=forward looking
Risk Quantification=calculate costs and their probability
risk mitigation=measures to take

66
Q

what is included in Risk Identification

A
pre-bid Risk
Design risk
construction risk
political/legal/regulatory risk
financing risk
environmental risks
67
Q

what are some considerations to look at Pre-bid risk

A
contract requirements
size and location
schedule and timeliness
budget and payments
warranty requirements
owner reputation
68
Q

what are some of the things that contributte to design risk

A

poor quality or in adequate bid documents
non compliance with design standards
excessive design review
owner directed changes
changes in design standard
inaccuracies in soil/environmental report
latent design defects(hidden flaw in design or worksmanship)
defects affecting warranty

69
Q

what are soem of the things that contribute to construction risk

A

management of materails, equipment, labor

project to project, focus on risk with the greatest impact

70
Q

what are some of teh things that contribute to political, regulatory (third party risk) risk

A
protests
changes in taxes
impacts of community
harassment issues
changes in law
71
Q

what are examples of third parties

A
SBE= Small business Enterprise
WBE= Womens business Enterprise
DVBE= Disabled Veteran Business Enterprise
72
Q

what are some of the things that contribute to financing risks

A

contractors financial position
financial strength of subs and suppliers
owners finances
intrest rates

73
Q

what are some of the things that contribute to Environmental risks

A

these can shut down the project
environmental permits and approvals
hazardous materials or site contamination
archeological findings
endangered species
wetlands, flood plains, or coastal protection

74
Q

what is risk quantification

A

likelihood of occurance
at what impact to cost, schedule, quality, relationship, ability
what consequences= additional work, delays, defects, over runs, litigation

75
Q

what is Risk Mitigation

A

anticipated negatives
initiate actions
implement strategies

76
Q

what are the Risk Mitigation Strategies

A

Risk Retention= retain reserve funds to off set risk or self perform work
Risk Avoidance= dont take job to begin with
Risk abatement= provide alternative or reduced risk in frequency or severity
Risk transfer= Subcontract, insurance and/or bonds, contract provisions
Risk allocation= Sharing risk with other parties, joint venture

77
Q

what is Risk management practices

A

needs adjusted as project moves forward
legal team advice may be needed especially with high dollar value projects or unusual projects
basics= actual cost compared with estimated cost, add another crew, tailgate meetings to focus on safety and quality

78
Q

what is risk assesment

A

every project, every site, every owner is different

79
Q

what is a Construction Managers duty

A

Evaluate Situation
Assess Risks
Make Decisions
Accept Responsibility for results

80
Q

what is a contingency

A

an amount of money added to an estimate to cover unknown conditions or risk factors

81
Q

what is joint venture

A

when 2 or more companies enter an agreement for a one-time, single project commitment and share resources and risk

82
Q

what is Latent design Defect

A

defects flaws in design details that are not known until after the construction is complete and time has passed, allowing the flaw to show itself

83
Q

what are 2 factors to consider when trying to determine the risk rating for any given risk

A

at what impact= cost, schedule, quality, safety, relationship
what consequences= additional work, delays, defects, overruns, litigation