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CM 102 > Final Exam Chapter 9-13 > Flashcards

Final Exam Chapter 9-13 Flashcards

1
Q

what is a gantt chart

A

uses bars to show length of each activity
easy for clients to understand and follow since it relates to calander days
doesent show relationships with arrows between activities

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2
Q

what is a network diagram also known as

A

critical path method (CPM)

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3
Q

what is a network diagram

A

shows relationships duration and float

does not provide the visual clarity that gantt charts have

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4
Q

what are some other types of schedules and what type of work are tehy used for

A

matrix = highrises
line of balance = roadways
horse blanket = transit systems

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5
Q

what do you look at to choose the type of schedule

A 
size of company
volume of work
type of construction
project size
project complexity
computer capabilitis
contract requirements
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6
Q

what is a detailed schedule

A

breaks major activities down into smaller tasks so the overallschedule can be analyzed further

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7
Q

what is summary schedules

A

groups activities under broadheadings ie. sitework foundations

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8
Q

what are mini-schedules

A

a portion of the detailed or summary schedule that is broken down into even finer detail

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9
Q

what are short interval schedules aka

A

look ahead schedules

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10
Q

what are short interval schedules

A

crated by supers or foremen to coordinate and manage work over a short period of time typically 3 weeks

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11
Q

what is a special purpose schedule

A

keeps track of activities that support the work ie. delivery, submittal

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12
Q

what do you use to make sure you have all the activities needed to mangae the project

A

work breakdown schedule

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13
Q

what questions do you ask in the sequencing stage

A

what other activities must be completed first
which activites can start when this one ends
which activities can occur simultaneously as this activity

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14
Q

what are the basic rules to follow for determining durations

A

evaluate each activity as an independent operation
consult with subcontractors to get their time estimates
assume a standard crew size for each activity
adjust production rates to fit the job conditions
use a standard 8 hour day

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15
Q

can the critical path change throughout the project

A

yes

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16
Q

what are the two most common types of schedules

A

gantt charts and Network diagrams

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17
Q

what are the 2 techniques to make network diagrams

A

AOA

AON

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18
Q

what does AOA stand for

A

the Activity is On the Arrow and Nodes show relationships

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19
Q

what does AON stand for

A

Activity is On the Node and arrows show relationships

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20
Q

What is AON also known as

A

Precedence Diagramming

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21
Q

what are 3 different types of activities that are included in a typical schedule

A 
Production= physical construction work. install steel in concrete
procurement= obtaining materails and equipment
administrative= inspections, submitals, testing
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22
Q

what is float also known as

A

slack

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23
Q

what are the 3 calculations that you perform to ge thte project float

A

forward pass
backward pass
float calculation

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24
Q

what does the forward pass calculate

A

the early start and finish

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25
Q

what does the backward pass calculate

A

the late start and finish

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26
Q

what are the 3 stages of network diagram development

A 
planning= what needs to be done
sequencing= in what order
scheduleing= how long does each task take
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27
Q

what are the steps to teh project control cycle

A 
develop project plan
establish the estimate and schedule
monitor the project performance
identify performance deviations
evaluate corrective options
make adjustments as needed
document report and evaluate results
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28
Q

what is essential at the end of every project

A

a debriefeing and evaluation stage

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29
Q

what are some factors that impact project performance

A 
weather conditions
quality of the work force
quality of supervision
incorrect sequencing of work
change orders
overcrowded jobsite
defective materail
inadequate tools and equipment
late deliveries
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30
Q

what ae the primary tools used to track quality

A

plans and specs

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31
Q

what ae some administrative tests

A 
field observations
submittals
shop drawings
mock ups
inspections
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32
Q

what do you use to track project cost

A

a cost code

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33
Q

what is a cost code

A

a refrence number used to track cost and schedule info on project costs

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34
Q

when over run occurs what are steps the super and pm can take

A

material price escalations
increasing the amount of work force
identifying quantity errors

35
Q

are change orders cost overruns

A

no

36
Q

what is crashing the schedule

A

it means to compress the overall schedule and take steps to accelerate activities in the schedule to get it done early

37
Q

what is Earned Value Analysis

A

used to determine the estimated value of work completed to date and compare it to actual work completed on the project

38
Q

What is PV and what does it mean

A

Planned Value
budgeted cost of work schedule
based on estimate and schedule

39
Q

what is EV and waht does it mean

A

Earned Value

budgeted cost of work performed

40
Q

what is AC and what does it mean

A

ACtual cost

actual cost of work performed

41
Q

what are questions to ask in the progress reports

A

how is the project doing overall
what sections of work appear to be vulnerable
is overall productivity improving or decling
what is the project completion date

42
Q

what are 3 sources of info needed for an effective project control system

A

estimate
schedule
field report

43
Q

how do cost codes get the numbers

A

usually start with the original CSI refrence number associated with the activity and then another number is assigned that represents the type of cost

44
Q

what is an escalation clause

A

in a contract when there is a suspision that some pricing component of the estimate is an a high state of flux and allows for some flex in the final price

45
Q

what is Earned Value Analysis

A

used to determine the estimated value of work completed to date on a project and compare that to the actual work completed on the project

46
Q

what happens in total quality managment

A 
identify the problem
break the work down into smaller steps
Identify the weak link
determine the remedy
apply the remedy
measure the results
47
Q

what is the difference between quality assurance and Quality control

A

Quality assurance is at a process level and deals more with people and Quality control is at the project level and deals with procedures and paperwork

48
Q

what are the quality control mechanisms used to check for plan conformance

A 
submittals
mock ups
shop drawings
testing standards
independent testing and inspections
building code inspections
supervisory inpections
49
Q

what are the quality assurance mechanisms

A 
hiring practices
training programs
saftey
subcontracting practices
procurement methods
employee incentives
50
Q

what is a zero punch list

A

inspect work as it progresses so there is few punch list items at fianl walk through

51
Q

what is safety management offten covered under

A

quality specifications

52
Q

What does OSHA stand for

A

Occupational Safety and Health Administration

53
Q

what does OSHA do

A

establishes safety standards for construction
rigourous inspections at the job site
potential for fines if not followed

54
Q

what is the number one goal for safety management

A

mitigate hazards and prevent accidents

55
Q

what are 4 primary components of an effective safety management plan

A

management commitment
jobsite analysis
hazard prevention
safety and health training

56
Q

what are the 4 primary causes of jobsite accidents

A

falls
struck by materials, equipment, or other objects
crushed or trapped
electrical shocks

57
Q

what does the colors mean on the 4 corner diamond sign

A 
blue= health
red= flammability
yellow= reactivity
white= protective equipment
58
Q

what are 3 fundamental objectives of a quality management plan

A

do things right the first time
prevent things from going wrong
continually improve the process (TQM)

59
Q

what does TQM stand for

A

Total Quality Management

60
Q

what does MSDS stand for

A

Material Safety Data Sheet

61
Q

what is MSDS

A

an information sheet documenting pertinent chemical info on various products used in construction

62
Q

what does EMR stand for and what is it

A

Experience Modification Rate

will affect your insurance costs

63
Q

what is a good EMR rate and what is bad

A 
good = .4 - .75
Bad = 1.26 - 2.0
64
Q

What does FOR stand for and what does it mean

A

Field Observation Reports

everyone is encouraged to report any incorrect work

65
Q

whate are 3 steps to risk management

A

Risk identification=forward looking
Risk Quantification=calculate costs and their probability
risk mitigation=measures to take

66
Q

what is included in Risk Identification

A 
pre-bid Risk
Design risk
construction risk
political/legal/regulatory risk
financing risk
environmental risks
67
Q

what are some considerations to look at Pre-bid risk

A 
contract requirements
size and location
schedule and timeliness
budget and payments
warranty requirements
owner reputation
68
Q

what are some of the things that contributte to design risk

A

poor quality or in adequate bid documents
non compliance with design standards
excessive design review
owner directed changes
changes in design standard
inaccuracies in soil/environmental report
latent design defects(hidden flaw in design or worksmanship)
defects affecting warranty

69
Q

what are soem of the things that contribute to construction risk

A

management of materails, equipment, labor

project to project, focus on risk with the greatest impact

70
Q

what are some of teh things that contribute to political, regulatory (third party risk) risk

A 
protests
changes in taxes
impacts of community
harassment issues
changes in law
71
Q

what are examples of third parties

A 
SBE= Small business Enterprise
WBE= Womens business Enterprise
DVBE= Disabled Veteran Business Enterprise
72
Q

what are some of the things that contribute to financing risks

A

contractors financial position
financial strength of subs and suppliers
owners finances
intrest rates

73
Q

what are some of the things that contribute to Environmental risks

A

these can shut down the project
environmental permits and approvals
hazardous materials or site contamination
archeological findings
endangered species
wetlands, flood plains, or coastal protection

74
Q

what is risk quantification

A

likelihood of occurance
at what impact to cost, schedule, quality, relationship, ability
what consequences= additional work, delays, defects, over runs, litigation

75
Q

what is Risk Mitigation

A

anticipated negatives
initiate actions
implement strategies

76
Q

what are the Risk Mitigation Strategies

A

Risk Retention= retain reserve funds to off set risk or self perform work
Risk Avoidance= dont take job to begin with
Risk abatement= provide alternative or reduced risk in frequency or severity
Risk transfer= Subcontract, insurance and/or bonds, contract provisions
Risk allocation= Sharing risk with other parties, joint venture

77
Q

what is Risk management practices

A

needs adjusted as project moves forward
legal team advice may be needed especially with high dollar value projects or unusual projects
basics= actual cost compared with estimated cost, add another crew, tailgate meetings to focus on safety and quality

78
Q

what is risk assesment

A

every project, every site, every owner is different

79
Q

what is a Construction Managers duty

A

Evaluate Situation
Assess Risks
Make Decisions
Accept Responsibility for results

80
Q

what is a contingency

A

an amount of money added to an estimate to cover unknown conditions or risk factors

81
Q

what is joint venture

A

when 2 or more companies enter an agreement for a one-time, single project commitment and share resources and risk

82
Q

what is Latent design Defect

A

defects flaws in design details that are not known until after the construction is complete and time has passed, allowing the flaw to show itself

83
Q

what are 2 factors to consider when trying to determine the risk rating for any given risk

A

at what impact= cost, schedule, quality, safety, relationship
what consequences= additional work, delays, defects, overruns, litigation

CM 102 (4 decks)

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