Final Exam Chapter 7 & 8

Question 1

RNA Polymerase and transcription

Answer 1

• E. Coli RNA Polymerase consists of A,B,B’ , W and O subunits
• Explain process

Question 2

Repressors and negative control transcription

Answer 2

• Gene regulation in bacteria: Lac Operon

- blocks transcription until lactose present

Question 3

Positive control of transcription

Answer 3

-Transcriptional activators instead of repressors

Question 4

Eukaryotic RNA Polymerase

Answer 4

• rRNA (polymerases I and III)

- tRNA (polymerases III)

Question 5

General Transcription factors (RNA Polymerase II)

Answer 5

• RNA polymerase requires a promoter or primer to initiate

- TATA BOX

Question 6

Alternative Splicing

Answer 6

Exons joined in various combinations to make different genes

Question 7

Transfer RNA

Answer 7

tRNAs serve as adapters that align amino acids on the mRNA template.
Bind codons via anti codon

Question 8

Ribosomes

Answer 8

Consist of Proteins and Ribosomal RNA

Question 9

mRNA and initiation of translation

Answer 9

• Initiates with Methionine

- Initiation codons are identified by scanning from 5’ to 3’

Question 10

Process of translation

Answer 10

Starts with binding methionyl tRNA and mRNA to ribosomal subunit

Question 11

Chaperones and protein folding

Answer 11

Chaperones facilities folding

binding and stabilizing unfolded polypeptide chains