Final exam (ch 26-33) Flashcards

1
Q

Karesansui

A

(Muromachi Period - architecture)
dried up mountains and water
** Rock garden

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Borrowed Scenery

A

(Muromachi Period - architecture)
Nature elements that were already there and they are now used for the landscape.
** Rock Garden (The trees are considered part of garden)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Fusuma

A

(Momoyama Period - architecture)
Paper covered sliding doors decorated or painted.
** Fusuma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Byobu

A

(Momoyama Period - architecture)

Free standing folding screens.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Shoin

A

(Momoyama Period - architecture)
an architecture style influenced by Zen Buddhism. Most noticable change: Tatami mats lined floors.
** Himeji Castle interior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Shoji

A

(Momoyama Period - architecture)
Wood frames covered with transulcent rice paper.
** Himeji castle interior.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Tatami

A

(Momoyama Period - architecture)
Floor mats. One mat has a size of 3x6 feet. Rooms are measured in Tatami mats. (ex: room might be described as an 8 mat floor)
** Himeji Castle interior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Chanoyu

A

(Momoyama Period - Tea ceremony)

The Japanese ritual drinking of tea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Tea bowl

A

(Momoyama Period - Tea ceremony)
called Yugure. is a red rake ware – hand built, low fired ceramic of gritty red clay. Developed especially for tea ceremony

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Raku ware

A

(Momoyama Period - Tea ceremony)

A material. hand built, low fired ceramic of gritty red clay. Developed especially for tea ceremony

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

lacquer

A

(Edo Period - Rinpa School)
derived from the sap of a tree
* Lacquer box for writing implements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Makie

A

Sprinkled design where powedered gold or silver is embedded in damp laquer
(Lacquer box)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Sencha

A

steep tea

Tea Bowl

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Key block

A

A key block is the block of wood that is carved out by the carver in Japanese woodblock printing.
(Tea Bowl)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

registration mark

A

A registration mark is applied to keep the blocks for each color aligned correctly in Japanese woodblock printing.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

ukiyo-e

A

(Edo Period - Ukiyo-e)
a style of woodblock prints depicting everyday life. Subjects mostly of Kabuki actors. “Pictures on the floating wolrd.” They are printed in Black and white and coloured by hand.
* Otani Oniji in the Role of Yakko Edobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

sukiyo-e

A

e

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

nishiki-e

A

(Edo Period - ?????)
brocade pictures. A japaneses Multi-colored wood block print. Separate wood blocks are created for every colour.
* The Flowers of Beauty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

koan

A

(Edo Period - Zen Painting)
questions posed to novices by Zen masters to guide their progression toward enlightenment during meditation. “What is the sound of hand clapping” By Zen Master Hakuin ekaku.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Kosode

A

(Edo Period - Crafts: cloth and ceramics)

Are robes with shot sleeves* Women’s Kosode

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Tachibana

A

(Edo Period - Crafts: cloth and ceramic)
citrus tree.
* Women’s robe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Nabeshina ware

A

(Edo period - Crafts: cloth and ceramic)
from kilns established by the Nabeshina samurai clan – were eventualy acquired by other noble families.
* Plate with Wisteria and Trellis Pattern

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Kirkane

A

(Modern Period - after WW2)
cut gold leaf
* Ornamental Box: Dancing in the Cosmos

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Rinpa school

A

(Edo period)
The modern name given to a group of artists whose art reinterpreted ancient courtly style. There artists are grouped together because of their shared artist interests; They were not just painters however they sometimes collaborated with crafts makers
* Lacquer box doe qriting implements
* Waves at Matsuchima

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Meiji

A

Modern period. This period represents te first half of Japan’s time an imperial power. In art: this period was marked by the divison into competing European and traditional indigenous styles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

CHAPTER 27

A

meow meow, meow meow meow meow, meow meow meow, meow meow meowwwwww

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

quipu

A

(Inca Empire)

knotted and colored cords. Inca kept detailed accounts and historical records on quipas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Polygonal-stone wall

A

(Inca Empire - achitecture)
Type of stone. The sides of the stone are straight giving the block an appearnace of a polygon. The walls are built without mortar. It’s a “dry” wall.
* Macchu Picchu

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Smooth-surfaced wall

A

(Inca Empire - architecture)
Type of stone for Temples and Palaces
* Macchu Picchu

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Wampum

A

(North America - Eastern Woodlands)
Wampum is cylindrical purple and white shell beads called Wampum. They made belts and strings with these beads.
* Wampum belt (William Penn’s treaty with the Delaware)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Quilwork

A

(North America - Eastern Woodlands)
quills from porcupines and birds were dyed, then worked into rectilinear, ornamental surface patterns on deer skin clothin or birch bark items.
* Baby carrier

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

basketry

A

(North America - Eastern Woodlands)
is the weaving of reeds, grasses, and other plant materials to form containers
* Feathered basket

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

coiling

A

(North America - Eastern Woodlands)
Basketry technique. Involves sewing together a spiraling foundation of rods with some other material
* Feather Basketry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

beadwork

A

(North America - Eastern Woodlands)
mimicked the pattern of quilling. It eventially replaced quillwork and incorporated European design.
* Bandolier Bag

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

twinning

A

(North America - Eastern Woodlands)
Basketry technique. Twists multiple elements around a vertical warp of rods. Plaiting waves strips over and under each other.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Ovoid

A

(North America - Northwest Coast)
Slightly bent rectangle with rounded corners
* Chilkat Blanket

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Form line

A

(North America - Northwest Coast)
a feature in the indigenous art, distinguished by the use of characteristic shapes referred to as ovoids, U forms, and S forms. black, continuous, shapes defining lines.
*Chilkat Blanket

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

potlatches

A

e

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Blackware

A

(North America - Southwest)
ceramic style notable for its elegant forms and subtle textures.
* Blackware storage Jar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Koshares

A

(North America - Southwest)

Name for a group of Indian dancers. who wore masks.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

nadle

A

e

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Navajo

A

Native American territory.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Tenochitilan

A

City of Aztec. Largest city in world at the time.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Cuzco

A

Inca. a capital of great splendour. Its urban plan was said to have been designed by the Inca Pachacuti. City was devided into upper and lower parts.
* Machu Picchu

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Plains painting

A

e

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Hamatsa

A

practice of cannibalism?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

CHAPTER 28

A

Pacific Cultures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Terra Nullius

A

a land that belong to no one.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

atoll

A

e

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

rarrk

A

A style of painting known as cross hatching.

* The Burunga Statement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

korambo

A

(Melansia - architecture)
A type of house. Built as sign of wealth. Three zones of facade: woven mat, wooden lintel painted and carved, and sago bark panels painted.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

bilum

A

(Melansia - New Guinea)
Item made by women from single piece of thread. purpose: Carries items, Woman wear their husbands to morn their death, and symbols a bride getting married.
* Women wearing net Bags (bilum)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

bisj pole

A

(Melansia - New Guinea)
purpose: embodies the spirits of the ancestors and paid tribute to them.
material: Mangrove tree.
(The birds eat the fruits (head) of the trees (humans))
*Asmat Ancestral Spirit Poles (Bisj)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

malagan

A

(Melansia - New Ireland)

  • are death and commemorative rites that take place up to 2 years before death. The greater the malagan the greater prominence the clan leader had.
  • ALSO, initiated young men and women into adulthood
  • Malagan display
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

tubuan mask

A

(Melansia - New Britain)
Female masks for initiation and ceremonies that only occur every year. Tuba gives birth to Male masks called dukduks (faceless). Female masks have eyes, conical shape.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

Stick charts

A

They represent a system of mapping ocean swells, islands, etc. Wapepe: is a small shaped chart which shows wave patterns around single or atolls and was used for teaching purposed only.
* Wapepe navigation chart.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

mana

A

(Polynesia) word found in Austronesian languages meaning “power, effectiveness, prestige”. Power is understood to be supernatural. The first born was most sacred and had the most mana.

  • Mana could be earned or lost and was protected by laws of conduct called tapu.
  • objects had mana too.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

tiki

A

(polynesia) figures carved in stone, wood, and somteimes human bone.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

Koru

A

(polynesia - architecture)
a pattern. a curling stalk with a bulb at the end that resembles the young tree fern, dominates the design system
** Te-Hau-Ki-Turanga (Maori Meeting House)

60
Q

poupou

A

(Polynesia - Marquesas isalnd)
house panel. carved with steel tools.
* Carved figure form storehouse doorway

61
Q

moai

A

(Polynesia - Rapa Nui)

Stone figures of ancestors

62
Q

tapa

A

(Polynesia - Samoa)
Bark cloth made by women.
Used for clothin, sails, mats, and ceremonial purpose

63
Q

siapo

A

(Polynesia - Samoa)
The name for bark cloth in Somoa. (other name is tapa). made from stripping the inner bark from branches of the paper mulberry tree. The bark is beaten with a wooden mallet, then folded over and beaten again.

64
Q

upeti

A

e

65
Q

The Barunga Statement

A

(Modern Oceania)

1788: James cook claimed Australia for Britain
1988: Called for broader Aboriginal rights.

66
Q

The Dreaming

A

(Australia)

refers to the ongoing period before human existed.

67
Q

ere ibeji

A

image of twin

* Twin figures

68
Q

bwami

A

(Traditional Africa - Initiation)
For Initiation of young men and women. A political system based on a voluntary association called bwami, which comprises six levels or grades. Men and women can belong to swami (but women cannot receive a higher grade then men)
* Bwami mask (Lukwakongo)

69
Q

kikaki

A

(Traditional Africa - Initiation)
a three sided roofed enclosure built at cross roads near initiation center. It announced that initiation was soon to be finished and their children will soon be home.
* Initiation wall panel

70
Q

nkanda

A

(Traditional Africa - Initiation)
a celebration of coming of age initiation rites, by creating brightly painting sculptures and decorated wall panels with human and animal figures. For the Kikaku of the Nkanu people.

71
Q

minkisi

A

(Traditional Africa - spirit world)
pural of Nkisi. meaning container. are objects harnessing spirit forces of powers, and were made by the Kongo and Songye peoples of the Democratic Republic of Congo, primarily during the 19th and early 20th centuries. to alleviate illness, protect vulnerable individuals, and bring success in hunting, trade, and other.

72
Q

Spirit spouse

A

(Traditional Africa - spirit world)

Other world wife or otherworld husband.

73
Q

divination

A

(Traditional Africa - spirit world)
Yoruba have 2 important gods (orisha). Two orate are principle mediators: Orunmilia who represents certainty, fate, order, and equilibrium. and his counterpart Eshu who represents uncertainty, disorder, and chance.

74
Q

Kente

A

(Traditional Africa - Leadership)

woven textiles. A symbol of leadership.

75
Q

nganga

A

(chokwe diviner) shakes basket of symbolic objects and interprets the objects according to the way they come to rest inside the basket
*Divination Basket (Ngombo)

76
Q

power figure

A

houses powerful spiritual forces.

77
Q

dama

A

(Traditional Africa - Death and Ancestors)
a collective funeral rite in Dogon funerary Dama. A variety of different masks perdorm to the sound of gunfire to drive the souls of the deceased from the village.

78
Q

Ngady Mask

A

(Traditional Africa - Death and Ancestors)
“Female mask” carved form wood, decorated with beads and shells.
- Dances gracefully

79
Q

bwoom

A

(Traditional Africa - Death and Ancestors)

“male mask” They carry sword and shows power and aggression in the dance

80
Q

bieri (nsek) (eyema)

A

(Traditional Africa - Death and Ancestors)
A common belief that the skull, bones, and relics of ancestors who had performed great deeds during their lifetime were collected after burial and placed in a cylindrical barm container (nsek-bieri). SO a wooden sculpture (eyema bieri) is placed on top of the container holding the relics.

81
Q

uli

A

a design

82
Q

diaspora

A

disappearance of Jews

83
Q

Nankani

A

City in Ghana Africa.

84
Q

Yoruba

A

An ethnic group of people in Nigeria. Religion: Christianity, Islam. Yoruba has two important gods (orisha). Orunmilia and Eshu.

85
Q

Bwa

A

An ethnic group in Bali. Africa.

86
Q

Sande

A

women’s society in Africa.

87
Q

Lega

A

An ethnic group of Congo. Africa.

88
Q

Nkanu

A

Place in Africa.

89
Q

Orunmila and Eshu

A

Yoruba gods.
Orunmila: represents certainty, fate, order, and equilibrium
Eshu: represents uncertainty, disorder, and chance.

90
Q

Ashanti

A

an african empire.

91
Q

Dogon

A

An ethnic group who lives in Mali

92
Q

Fang

A

An ethnic group in Guinea.

93
Q

CHAPTER 30

A

jsdogjdsog

94
Q

rationalism

A

e

95
Q

salons

A

(Rococo)

refers to large rooms in the hotels as well as social events that are decorated in Rococo style.

96
Q

arabesque

A

(Rococo - architecture)
an architecture element. flowing lines and swirling shapes.
** Salon de la Princesse, Hotel de Soubise

97
Q

volute

A

(Rococo - architecture)
a scroll like ornament. (from an ionic column)
** Salon de la Princesse, Hotel de Soubise

98
Q

boiseries

A

(Rococo - architecture)
carved wood panels on floors and roofs embellished in low relief carvings.
** Salon de la Princesse, Hotel de Soubise

99
Q

memento mori

A

(Rococo)
clock surmounted by an allegorical figure of fame and sheltering a pair of lovers
*The Signboard of Gersaint

100
Q

vanitas

A

e

101
Q

fete galante

A

(Rococo)
a new category created after Jean Antoine Watteau’s painting called “Pilgrimage to the island of Cythera”. An elegant outdoor entertainment.

102
Q

Grand Tour

A

(Grand Tour)
(1660-1840) a tradition were a customary trip to Europe undertaken by wealthy Europeans and some Americans.
purpose: as cultural broadening and associated with a fairly standard itinerary.
Itinerary: England —> France —> Switzerlands —> Spain —> Northern Italy —> Venice —> Rome —> German —> Flanders —> home.

103
Q

Pastel

A

(Grand Tour - Italy Portraits)
Used for portraits to dry quicker then oils so tourists could spend more time doing tourist things. Rosalba Carriera used pastel
*

104
Q

Capriccio

A

(Grant Tour - Italy view)
an imaginary landscape or cityscape in which the artist mixed actual structures, such as famous ruins, with imaginary ones to create attractive compositions

105
Q

Veduta

A

(Grand Tour - Italy view)
a more naturalistic rendering of famous views and buildings, well known tourists attractions, and local color in the form of tiny figures of the Venetian people and visiting tourists.

106
Q

Picturesque

A

(Neoclassicism - architecture)
Pleasant, agreeable, and popular. used to describe “picturelike” qualities of some landscape scenes.
* The Park at Stourhead

107
Q

jasperware

A

(Neoclassicism - Rome)
a fine-grained, unglazed, colored pottery.
* The Apotheosis of Homer
* “Am I not a man and a brother?”

108
Q

Coterie

A

e

109
Q

intaglio

A

type of printmaking

110
Q

landscape architecture

A

e

111
Q

crenellation

A

(Gothic Revival - architecture) the battlements of a castle or other building
** Strawberry hill

112
Q

academies

A

(Academic art - Britain)
The French government founded a number of academies for students in literature, painting/sculpture, music/dance, and architecture.
* Academicians of the Royal Academy

113
Q

history painting

A

(Academic Art - Britain)
(based on historical, mythological, or biblical narratives and generally converting a high moral or intellectual idea). The term is derived form the wider meanings of the word historia in Latin and Italian, meaning “story” or “narrative”, and essentially means “story painting”
* Lady Sarah Bunbury Sacrificing to the Graces

114
Q

drame bourgeois

A

(France - enlightenment)
middle-class drama. Diderot expanded the traditional range of theatrical works in Paris from mostly exaggerated and comedy included the drama bourgeois. and “middle tragedy”
* The Village bride, or the Marriage, the moment when a father gives his son-in-law a Dowry

115
Q

fesces

A

(France - Neoclassicism)
a bundle of 13 rods (representing the 13 colonies)
* George Washington.

116
Q

atrial cross

A

(Spanish America indigenous)
Christian symbolism became inextricably mixed withe the symbolism of indigenous religious beliefs which can be seen in colonial atrial cross.
* Atrial cross

117
Q

ateliers

A

(France - )

a word for studios. In france

118
Q

esquisse

A

(early 19th France - Neoclassicism)
French word for “sketch”. A quickly executed drawing or painting conveying the overall idea for a finished painting.
* Portrait of Madame Desire Raoul-Rochette

119
Q

odalisque

A

(early 19th France - Neoclassicism/Romanticism)
Turkish word for “harem slave girl” or “concubine”. Ingres painted these female slaves. early 19th century.
* Large Odalisque

120
Q

Lithography

A

(early 19th France - early Realism)
Process of making a print (lithograph) from a design drawn on a flat stone block with greasy crayon. Ink is applied to the wet stone and adheres only to the greasy areas of the design.
* Rue Transnonian Le 15 avril 1834 (Honore Daumier)

121
Q

sublime

A

19th century artists goal. Of a concept, thing, or state of greatness or vastness with high spiritual, moral, intellectual, or emotional value; or something awe-inspiring
* Snowstorm: Hannibal and His Army Crossing the Alps

122
Q

landscape painter

A

(early 19th France - early Romantic landscape)

123
Q

Lunar Society

A

Joseph Wright belonged to the Lunar Society, a group of industrialists (including Wedgwood), merchants, traders, and progressive aristocrats who met monthly in or near birmingham to exchange ideas about science and technology.

124
Q

French Academy of Painting and Sculpture

A
They has hierarchy of genres: 
History paintings
Historical portraiture 
Landscape painting
Various other forms of portraiture 
Genre painting
Still life
Many Western Cultural capitals followed the French Academic model. Berlin (1696), Dresden (1705), London (1768). Boston (1780), Mexico City (1785), New York (1802).
125
Q

barocco and rocaille

A

Two words that combined to one and is called Rococo

126
Q

CHAPTER 31

A

ye ye yeeeee

127
Q

bourgeoisie

A

the middle class, typically with reference to its percieved materialistic values or conventional attitudes.

128
Q

proletariat

A

workers or working-class people. regarding collectively.

129
Q

imperialism

A

e

130
Q

historicism

A

(Academic art)

Academic art drew subjects from the past. Greek and Roman

131
Q

academic vs. avant garde

A

e

132
Q

camera obscura

A

a darkened chamber in which the image of an outside object is projected and focused onto a surface.

133
Q

daguerreotype

A

An early type of photograph created by exposing a silver-coated copper surface previously exposed to iodine vapour or iodine and bromine vapours.

134
Q

calotype

A

an early photographic introdcued in 1841 by William Henry Fox Talbot that used paper coated with silver iodide: also known as talbotype.

135
Q

draft animal

A

e

136
Q

success de scandale

A

a term for any artistic work whose success is attributed, in whole or in part, to public controversy surrounding the work.
ex: the stone breakers. Burial at Ornans

137
Q

serfdom

A

(Realism - France)
is the status of many peasants under feudalism, specifically relating to manorialism. It was a condition of bondage, which developed primarily during the High Middle Ages in Europe and lasted in some countries until the mid-19th century.
* The Stone breakers

138
Q

en plein air

A

Where artists painted outside looking at their subject instead of painting in the studio
* The rouen cathedral

139
Q

complementary color

A

(Post-Impressionist) are pairs of colours that when combined, the cancel each other out and make a new colour.
*A sunday afternoon on the island of la Grande Jatte

140
Q

pontillism/divisionism

A

(Post-Impressionist) a style of brushwork used to apply the paint. dots.
*A sunday afternoon on the island of la Grande Jatte

141
Q

repoussoir

A

which roughly translates to “to push back,” this technique puts a figure or object in the extreme foreground and uses it as a contrast in order to increase the illusion of depth and focus our attention on the main subject.
* Mont Sainte-Victoire

142
Q

Academic des Beaux-Art

A

e

143
Q

Orientalism

A

an academic term. a critical approach to representations of the Orient of the Eastern cultures of the Middle East, North Afica, South West Asia, and South East Asia.
* The Snake Charmer

144
Q

Salon des Refuses

A

Artists like Manet and Pissaro got rejected to display their art in the Salon. So Napoleon 3 made another exhibit so they can display their work called salon Des Refuses.

145
Q

Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood

A

(Realism - Britain)
looked back to the Middle Ages and early Renaissance (before Raphael) for beauty and spirituality that they found lacking in their own time. They believed this earlier art was more moralistic and “real”.

146
Q

Japonisme

A

Europeans were interested in Japonise art. Especially Vincent Van gogh.