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RL 102 Survey of The New Testament > Final Exam Ch. 13-26 > Flashcards

Final Exam Ch. 13-26 Flashcards

1
Q

One of twelve intimate disciples chosen by Jesus to be “sent out” to continue his ministry and to bring the gospel to others, though Paul is later counted among them?

A

apostle

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2
Q

A title for the followers of Christ, first applied to believers in Antioch

A

Christian

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3
Q

A Jewish creed from Dt 6 which declares the unity of God and the wholehearted devotion of the believer to him

A

Shema

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4
Q

A theological emphasis on the divinity of Jesus rather than his humanity

A

high Christology

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5
Q

Jesus’ coming back to life three days after his death and his extension of this glorified life to those who believe in him

A

resurrection

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6
Q

Participation in the messianic age through faith in Christ rather than adherence to Jewish Law and custom

A

new covenant

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7
Q

A scholarly shift in interpreting Paul’s opponents to be Jewish legalism and not good works in general

A

new perspective

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8
Q

The process of becoming righteous

A

justification

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9
Q

“Saul of Tarsus” who is converted by Christ on the way to Damascus and changes from persecuting the church to being its greatest missionary

A

Paul

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10
Q

A free city in the province of Cilicia whose inhabitants were known for their learning; home to Saul/Paul and the rabbi Gamaliel

A

Tarsus

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11
Q

The Nabatean kingdom south of Damascus where Paul first preached after his conversion

A

Arabia

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12
Q

The half-brother of Jesus

A

James

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13
Q

A Cypriot Jew and companion of Paul on his missionary journeys

A

Barnabas

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14
Q

Paul’s final missionary destination

A

Spain

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15
Q

The removal of foreskin at the end of the penis which marked a man as a Jew

A

circumcision

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16
Q

A movement prevalent in the early church where Judaizers encouraged Gentile Christians to undergo circumcision and follow the Jewish Law

A

Judaizing

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17
Q

A time governed by sin, death, and adherence to the Law

A

old age

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18
Q

A time governed by grace, life, and communion with God inaugurated by Jesus

A

new age

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19
Q

The art of persuasion which governed public discourse in antiquity

A

rhetoric

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20
Q

A source’s credibility or the speaker’s/author’s authority

A

ethos

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21
Q

Emotional or motivational appeals; vivid language, emotional language and numerous sensory details.

A

pathos

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22
Q

Logic used to support a claim or facts used to help support the argument.

A

logos

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23
Q

A Gentile believer who sympathized with Judaism but did not fully adopt Jewish theology or practice

A

God-fearer

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24
Q

When the apostles convened and decided that Gentile believers do not need to observe the Jewish Law and customs in order to be saved in Christ

A

Jerusalem council

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25
Q

A region named for ethnic Gauls who lived there which also extended South to Pisidian Antioch

A

Galatia

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26
Q

The patriarch in the Old Testament who is often called the “Father of Faith” and who also originated the practice of circumcision

A

Abraham

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27
Q

“Cephas”; a leader among the apostles who is the protagonist in the first part of Acts, who Paul chastises in Galatians for endorsing circumcision

A

Peter

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28
Q

The second coming of Christ

A

parousia

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29
Q

Falling away from or abandoning the faith

A

apostasy

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30
Q

Generically one who is opposed to Christ, or specifically Satan or the Devil; John clarifies this as one who denies God was revealed in the flesh in Jesus

A

Antichrist

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31
Q

Macedonian city named after Alexander the Great’s sister

A

Thessalonica

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32
Q

Paul’s traveling companion, cofounder of churches, and amanuensis

A

Silas

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33
Q

Paul’s traveling companion, cofounder of churches, circumcised by Paul

A

Timothy

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34
Q

A dry canal constructed in order to carry goods across the isthmus of Corinth

A

Dioklos

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35
Q

A region brought under Roman rule

A

Roman colony

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36
Q

A speaker’s platform erected during the Augustan period

A

bema

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37
Q

Skilled orators who would often impress people with their rhetoric and would teach anything for money

A

Sophists

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38
Q

Living unmarried, single, and without sexual relations

A

celibacy

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39
Q

Christians in Corinth who do eat meat offered to idols

A

“weak” Christian

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40
Q

Christians in Corinth who refrain from eating meat from idols

A

“strong” Christian

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41
Q

Someone who writes a letter which is dictated by the author; they often have editorial or stylistic influence on the final writing

A

amanuensis

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42
Q

A Roman province in the Greek region of Peloponnesus

A

Achaia

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43
Q

Proconsul in the Roman province of Achaia

A

Gallio

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44
Q

A Roman region north of Achaia; home of Alexander the Great

A

Macedonia

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45
Q

Paul’s opponents who claim to have more authority than the apostles based on their revelatory dreams

A

super-apostles

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46
Q

A letter written to the Corinthian church after Paul’s painful visit which we do not have

A

tearful letter

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47
Q

The author uses both praise and blame to persuade his readers

A

epideitic rhetoric

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48
Q

A collection Paul is trying to gather from all the churches to aid the famine in Judea

A

the famine relief collection

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49
Q

One who delivers a speech

A

orator

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50
Q

Giving a proportion of one’s income to support the church

A

tithing

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51
Q

The northern arm of the Mediterranean Sea with the regions of Achaia to the west, Macedonia and Thrace to the north, Asia Minor and Phrygia to the east, and Crete to the south.

A

Aegean Sea

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52
Q

The city in Achaia from which Paul wrote his letters to the Thessalonians and the Romans

A

Corinth

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53
Q

A prominent city in Asia Minor whose people were originally converted by John the Baptist and whose church was influenced by John the apostle

A

Ephesus

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54
Q

Paul’s traveling companion, cofounder of churches, circumcised by Paul

A

Timothy

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55
Q

Gentile converted by Paul who accompanied him on missionary travels and led the church in Crete

A

Titus

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56
Q

A rhetorical device with a series of questions to which the answer is always an emphatic “no” (“may it never be”, “by no means”)

A

diatribe

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57
Q

The process of becoming holy

A

sanctification

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58
Q

A Greek word sometimes being translated as “expiation,” “propitiation,” meaning an act of appeasing or making well-disposed

A

hilasterion

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59
Q

The erroneous idea that the absence of the Law means we should keep sinning so grace can abound all the more

A

antinomianism

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60
Q

The center of the Roman Empire and the place where Peter and Paul were martyred

A

Rome

61
Q

Someone in Corinth whose greetings Paul passes on to those in Rome

A

Gaius

62
Q

Noble woman and deaconess of the church in Cenchreae who delivers Paul’s letter to the Romans

A

Phoebe

63
Q

Paul’s amanuensis who wrote the letter to his Romans and greets them

A

Tertius

64
Q

A region east of the Aegean Sea (now Turkey) which held the cities mentioned by John in Revelation

A

Asia Minor

65
Q

A coworker of Paul who founded the Colossian church

A

Epaphras

66
Q

A small Roman town in Asia Minor east of Ephesus with its prominent neighbors, Laodicea and Hierapolis

A

Colossae

67
Q

A word or phrase which occurs only once in a selection

A

hapax legomena

68
Q

Elemental or spiritual forces of nature popular in ancient forms of animism

A

stoicheia

69
Q

A rhetorical device with a central argument set in the middle of clauses that have inverted parallelism in which the first thing introduced is the last thing revisited

A

chiasmus

70
Q

The practice of bringing multiple belief systems, religions, philosophies, or practices together

A

syncretism

71
Q

Using divine names, utterances, or other tricks to manipulate the forces of nature or influence the spiritual realm

A

magic

72
Q

The theme of Paul’s letter to Philippians

A

joy

73
Q

The Roman road that cut across the province of Macedonia

A

Via Egnatia

74
Q

Soldiers charged with the protection of the emperor and the suppression of social elements which could cause unrest

A

the Praetorian

75
Q

The act of not having personal freedom and being owned by another, which accounts for the largest group of people in Roman society who have the lowest social status

A

slavery

76
Q

Port city on the northern part of the Aegean Sea (named after the father of Alexander the Great) which later become a Roman colony where Latin was spoken and there were no taxes

A

Philippi

77
Q

Paul’s traveling companion, cofounder of churches, and amanuensis

A

Silas

78
Q

The only Gentile author of the New Testament who writes his gospel and the book of Acts which details the activity of the apostles and the founding of many early churches

A

Luke

79
Q

A man who almost commits suicide when an earthquake breaks open the prison where Paul and Silas are, but they did not leave and he ends up converting to Christ

A

Philippian jailer

80
Q

Runaway slave who encounters Paul in Rome and converts to Christ but still belongs to Philemon

A

Onesimus

81
Q

Secret salvific knowledge

A

gnosis

82
Q

Writings which have unknown origins or are attributed to another author

A

pseudepigraphy

83
Q

A morally corrupt Greek island where Titus ministered

A

Crete

84
Q

A phrase for Judaizers who encourage the Law of Moses on Gentile believers in Christ

A

“teachers of the law”

85
Q

The group of “dispersed” Jews existing outside of Judea or Israel.

A

dispersion

86
Q

A meeting of Jews for prayer, reading Scripture, and discussing the Law which developed in the absence of the temple

A

synagogue

87
Q

A common literary theme which many ancient writers or philosophers would deal with

A

topos

88
Q

The home of the temple, the center of Jewish festal life, and the capital of Judea

A

Jerusalem

89
Q

The interpretive technique which argues from smaller to large

A

qal wahomer

90
Q

The interpretive technique used by Paul which focuses on people and events in the Old Testament as prefiguring Christ

A

typology

91
Q

The foreshadowing of themes

A

inclusio

92
Q

The repetition of a word

A

anaphora

93
Q

The sacrificial death of Christ which effects a union between God and man

A

atonement

“At-one-ment”

94
Q

In a patron/client relationship the gifts given by a patron is responded to with the giving of thanks by the client

A

reciprocity

95
Q

A priest figure in the Old Testament who blesses Abram with an offering of bread and wine

A

Melchizedek

96
Q

Writings which have unknown origins or are attributed to another author

A

pseudepigrapha

97
Q

A final “farewell” collection of what one believes and thinks that can be shared and will remain after they have passed on

A

testament

98
Q

Philosophical school that denied divine providence and believed that the world ran by chance, and pleasure was the highest good in life

A

Epicureanism

99
Q

One whose personal opinions diverge from the truth of the whole church

A

heretic

100
Q

A heresy which states that the material world is inherently evil and that secret salvific knowledge is conveyed on individuals

A

Gnosticism

101
Q

The one who delivers John’s third epistle

A

Demetrius

102
Q

The prominent leader who rejected John, his letters, and his emissaries.

A

Diotrephes

103
Q

From the Greek word dokeo (“to seem”), a heresy which claimed that Jesus was not really human but only “seemed” to be human

A

Docetism

104
Q

The theology concerning the person and work of Jesus, especially concerning his humanity and divinity

A

Christology

105
Q

“Spirit”, “wind”, or “breath” in Greek

A

pneuma

106
Q

A name employed by John in his letters when he mentions himself

A

“the elder”

107
Q

A literary category with characteristic forms, styles, or subject matter

A

genre

108
Q

A revelatory literature with a narrative framework

A

Apocalypse

109
Q

A statement of what God wills to work out in history

A

prophecy

110
Q

The interpretation that there will be a thousand-year reign of blessedness beginning with the imminent Second Coming of Christ.

A

premillenialism

111
Q

The interpretation that the Second Coming of Christ will be the culmination of the thousand-year reign of blessedness wherein there are massive conversions to Christ and a thwarting of Satan

A

postmillenialism

112
Q

The interpretation that there will be no literal thousand-year reign of Christ from his throne in Jerusalem, and that the eternal kingdom follows the Final Judgment

A

amillenialism

113
Q

The teaching that believers who are alive at the return of Christ will be taken up with the resurrected believers.

A

rapture

114
Q

One thousand years

A

Millenium

115
Q

A period of trial wherein evil seems to have the upper hand and Christians are persecuted before Christ returns in victory

A

tribulation

116
Q

When Jesus returns at the end of history

A

Second Coming

117
Q

The word for premillennialism in the early church

A

chiliasm

118
Q

A Christian evangelical, futurist, biblical interpretation teaching that God has related to human beings in different ways under different Biblical covenants in a series of “dispensations,” or periods in history

A

dispensationalism

119
Q

“The beloved apostle” who wrote this Gospel and who took Jesus’ mother Mary into his house from the cross

A

John

120
Q

A city in Asia Minor known for its tree-lined streets which produced a resin for making myrrh; it was symbolized by a crown

A

Smyrna

121
Q

A city in Asia Minor known for its parchment

A

Pergamum

122
Q

A city in Asia Minor known for being a crossroads in trade, and it had many guilds dedicated to the local and imperial religions

A

Thyatira

123
Q

A city in Asia Minor which suffered a major earthquake and was known for its softness

A

Sardis

124
Q

A city in Asia which suffered an earthquake and also patiently endured persecution

A

Philadelphia

125
Q

A city in Asia which was known for being lukewarm, both spiritually and in terms of its water which was brought by aqueducts from far away

A

Laodicea

126
Q

A manuscript written by the original author

A

autograph

127
Q

Studying the authenticity of texts

A

textual criticism

128
Q

An early “book” comprised of bounded sheets of papyrus

A

codex

129
Q

Instances of the same text which contain various differences

A

variants

130
Q

Different forms of the same text which might use a different orthography, organizational pattern, or language

A

text types

131
Q

Manuscripts from the fourth to the ninth century which use capital Greek letters

A

uncials

132
Q

The “received text” or collection of Greek New Testament texts which served as the basis for many translations including the Luther Bible and the King James Version

A

Textus Receptus

133
Q

The established “measure” and collection of books considered part of Scripture

A

canon

134
Q

The “rule of faith,” a summary of essential tenets of Christianity as determined by the apostles who knew Jesus

A

regla fides

135
Q

Aramaic translation of the Hebrew Scriptures or another text

A

targumim

136
Q

Roman numerals for “seventy”; shorthand for the Septuagint

A

LXX

137
Q

Church Father who translated the Bible from the original Hebrew and Greek into the Latin Vulgate

A

Jerome

138
Q

English theologian, reformer, and translator of the Vulgate into Middle English

A

John Wycliffe

139
Q

English translator of the Bible from the original languages into English who was strangled and burned

A

William Tyndale

140
Q

Burge, Cohick, and Green identify the most likely author of James to be ____________________.

A

James, the brother of Jesus

141
Q

James addressed his letter to ______________________.

A

the twelve tribes in the Dispersion

142
Q

Hebrews presents Jesus as the unique High Priest before God.

A

True

143
Q

Most early church fathers accepted John as the author of Hebrews.

A

False

144
Q

Many modern scholars question 1 Peter’s authenticity because the Greek style is very poorly written.

A

False

145
Q

Jude utilizes pseudepigraphal literature in his letter

A

True

146
Q

According to Burge, Cohick, and Green, the author of Jude is most likely Jude _________________.

A

the brother of Jesus

147
Q

While Christian traditions has attributed 1–3 John to John the Apostle, the letters are actually anonymous (expect that 2 and 3 John call their author “the elder”).

A

True

148
Q

What is the city most associated with the location of 1–3 John?

A

Ephesus

149
Q

Part of the reason why Revelation is such an enigma to understand is because it is comprised of three different genres: epistle, prophecy, and ______________.

A

apocalypse

RL 102 Survey of The New Testament (2 decks)

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