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4th: Animal Nutrition > Final Exam (Cattle; Small Ruminant & Poultry Nutrition) > Flashcards

Final Exam (Cattle; Small Ruminant & Poultry Nutrition) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the name of this dairy breed ?

A. Holestein-Friesland
B. Jersey
C. Brown Swiss
D. Ayrshire

A

C. Brown Swiss

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2
Q

And this one ?

A. Jersey
B. Brown Swiss
C. Ayrshire

A

C. Ayrshire

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3
Q

Name this beef cattle breed

A. Holstein
B. Texas Longhorn
C. Brahman
D. Charolais
E. Hereford
F. Angus
A

E. Hereford

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4
Q

And this one ?

A. Holstein-Friesland
B. Texas Longhorn
C. Brahman
D. Charolais
E. Hereford
F. Angus
G. Brown Swiss
H. None of the above
A

H. None of the above

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5
Q

What is the target in dairy farms for lactation length ?

A. 305 days
B. 365 days
C. 205 days
D. 265 days
E. None of the above
A

A. 305 days

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6
Q

And for the dry period ?

A. 10 days
B. 30 days
C. 60 days
D. 80 days
E. 100 days
A

C. 60 days

2 months

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7
Q

What animal would you expect to be more likely to develop a nutrition-related problem such as bloat or acidosis?

A. Steer in Feedlot
B. Steer in Pasture

A

A. Steer in Feedlot

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8
Q

A heifer inseminated on the 15th November 2016 will calve in ____ and will start the dry period in ______.

A. August 2017 and June of the following year
B. May 2017 and May of the following year
C. May 2017 and July of the following year
D. August 2017 and December of the following year

A

A. August 2017 and June of the following year

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9
Q

In a dairy cow and on the first 5 weeks of lactation the fat content of milk ______

A. Increases, unlike milk volume produced
B. Decreases, unlike milk volume produced
C. Increases, like milk volume produced
D. Decreases, like milk volume produced

A

B. Decreases, unlike milk volume produced

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10
Q

In which part of the lactation curve do cows produce the highest amount of milk per day ?

A. 10 weeks
B. 20 weeks
C. 5 weeks
D. 40 weeks
E. Equal throughout lactation
A

C. 5 weeks

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11
Q

What is the normal pH in the rumen of a dairy

A

None of the above

Note: It is 6.5

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12
Q

What would be the most adequate (high quality) forage for high-yeild lactating dairy cow ?

straw
praire grass hay
pg silage
corn silage
pasture
A

Corn silage

contains 50% grain in a DM basis) 8% is protein, low on minerals (supplementation needed

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13
Q

Dairy cow feeding can be divided into 4 different

A

1 and 2

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14
Q

Which phase

A

1

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15
Q

and the lowest ?

1
2
3

A

3

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16
Q

Which animal would have the colostrum with a Higher variety of immunoglobulins

A

cow at third lactation

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17
Q

What should be the BCS at the end of phase one of lactation

A. 2.0 -2.5
B.
C.
D.

A

A. 2.0-2.5

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18
Q

What is the breeding for fall calving ?

A. November - January

A

A. November - January

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19
Q

How would you increase the efficiency of a pasture ?

A. Rotational grazing
B. Use more productive varieties
C. Use the adequate proportion of legumes and grasses
D. Fertilize pastures
E. All of the above
F. None of the above
A

E. All of the above

20
Q

Calve creep feeding is not advantageous for the adaptation of steers to feedlot finishing

True or False

A

False

21
Q

To lactating beef cows, generally speaking there is no need to feed mineral blocks

True or False

A

True and false

Both are accepted

It depends

22
Q

Which metabolic disease is associated to high-altitude?

A

F. None of the above

23
Q

Which metabolic disease is associated to Se deficiency

A

white muscle disease

24
Q

Where is Se deficiency more likely to be a problem in a beef cattle herd

A

Pacifc NW (Washington State)

25
Q 
Hole stein-Friesland
Jersey
Brown Swiss
Ayrshire
Gir
Guernsey
Milking shorthorn

Are examples of?

A

Dairy cattle breeds

26
Q

Name some important beef breeds:

A 
Angus
Hereford
Highland cattle
Shorthorn
Charolais
Brahman
Texas longhorn
27
Q

T or F

Ultimately all dairy breeds can be used for meat production but yield poor quality meat.

A

True

Ex. Simmentaler/fleckvieh
Normande

28
Q

90% of dairy breeds are:

A

Holstein-Friesland (black and white)

29
Q

This dairy breed cattle is the smallest; good at grazing and can be bull aggressive

A

Jersey

30
Q

Cow calf ops (a cow herd that produces calves that are raised until one year old) are fed…

A

On pastures

31
Q

Feedlots are fed…

A

Roughage [hay] + grain [corn]

Diet switches from mostly roughage to 70-90% grain (concentration diet)

32
Q

Dairy cows will produce ________gallons/day on average.

A

6.5

33
Q

Describe the dairy lactation curve:

A

Peak lactation (4-10 was) then decreases until drying off
Fat and protein content decreases until wk 10 then stabilizes
Dry matter intake increases with lactation
Body weight and BCS decreases during peak lactation then increases afterwards

34
Q

T or F

Milk production is always limited by the genetic (25%) and environmental (75%) component

A

True

35
Q

In cattle 60-80% of the DM should come from roughage a and the rest from concentrates and/or grain

True or false

A

True

36
Q

Holstein-Friesland

A

Number 1 dairy cattle breed in the world

Black and white

2.5-3.5% milk fat

37
Q

Jersey

A

2nd most important dairy breed (don’t produce as much milk as Holstein)

Light fawn to black
Small size
Good grazing ability
Can be nervous and bull aggressive
4.9% milk fat
38
Q

Brown Swiss

A 
Dairy cattle
Gray color
Good grazer
Docile
Heat tolerance
4% milk fat
39
Q

Ayrshire

A

Dairy cattle
Brown/red and white
Good grazing ability
4% milk fat

40
Q

Angus

A 
Beef cattle
black, smooth hair
Red (recessive gene)- red angus
Perform well in feedlots
High quality carcass
well-marbled meat
41
Q

Herfored

A 
2nd most important beef breed
High beef yield
white faces and red bodies
docile and easily handled
used in the ranching systems in western US
42
Q

Shorthorn/polled shorthorn

A

Beef
origin of 30 other different breeds
adaptable

43
Q

Charolais

A

most important beef breeds in Europe
white color, pink skin
lean carcass
high carcass yield

44
Q

Brahman

A 
Beef
(aka Zebu)
Grey or red
heat tolerance
quality carcass
ability to forage on poor pastures
45
Q

Texas Longhorn

A 
beef
adapted to harsh environments
tolerant to diseases and parasites
slow maturity
can survive on sparse rangelands
46
Q

Female calves are kept on artificial milk,
weaned at 35-45 days and reared for
another 420 days

true or false

A

true

47
Q

Dairy could have a life span of _____yrs but are typically slaughtered at _____months (3-5lactations)

A

20yrs …. 84mo

4th: Animal Nutrition (3 decks)

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