Final Exam (abnormal psychology)

Question 1

Projective test versus personality inventories

Answer 1

• projective test: a test that consists of vague material that people interpret or respond to
• personal inventories: a test designed to measure broad personality characteristics that consists of statements about behaviors, beliefs, and feelings. People evaluate the statements as either characteristic or uncharacteristic of themselves.

Question 2

somatoform disorders

Answer 2

-a physical illness or ailment that is largely explained by psychological causes, in which the patient experiences no sense of wanting or guiding their symptoms

Question 3

Drug with the most risk of organ damage

Answer 3

alcohol

Question 4

Why were exorcisms used to treat mental illness

Answer 4

the idea was to coax the evil spirits to leave or to make the person’s body an uncomfortable place to live

Question 5

eating disorders

Answer 5

anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating

Question 6

• How is bipolar different in adults and kids

Answer 6

When children develop the illness, it is called early-onset bipolar disorder. This type can be more severe than bipolar disorder in older teens and adults. Also, young people with bipolar disorder may have symptoms more often and switch moods more frequently than adults with the illness.

Question 7

models of abnormality

Answer 7

?

Question 8

• Personality disorders

Answer 8

a very rigid pattern of inner experience and outward behavior that differs from the expectations of one’s culture and leads to dysfunctioning

Question 9

• Dyslexia

Answer 9

a disorder in which persons show a marked impairment i the ability to recognize words and to comprehend what they read (aka reading disorder)

Question 10

• Psychosis

Answer 10

a state in which a person loses contact with reality in key ways

Question 11

• Paraphilas

Answer 11

disorders characterized by recurrent and intense sexual urges, fantasis, or behaviors involving non human objects, children, non consenting adults, or experiences of suffering or humiliation

Question 12

• Treatment for bipolar disorder

Answer 12

lithium, antipsychotic medications, mood stabilizers, cognitive behavioral therapy
-antidepressant medication: Fluoxetine (Prozac), paroxetine (Paxil), sertraline (Zoloft), and bupropion (Wellbutrin)

Question 13

• ADHD

Answer 13

is a problem of not being able to focus, being overactive, not being able control behavior, or a combination of these.

Question 14

• Relationship between stress and illness

Answer 14

too much stress causes body to not be as strong against illnesses

Question 15

• Tardive dyskinesia

Answer 15

a condition characterized by extrapyramidal effects that appear in some patients after they have taken traditional antipsychotic drugs for an extended time

Question 16

• DID

Answer 16

Dissociative identity disorder: a disorder in which a person develops two or more distinct personalities (aka multiple personality disorder)

Question 17

• Positive psychology

Answer 17

The study and enhancement of positive feelings, traits, and abilities

Question 18

• Difference between psychiatrist and psychologist

Answer 18

• psychiatrist: a physician who in addition to medical school has completed three to four years of residency training in the treatment of mental functioning.
• psychologist:

Question 19

anxiety disorders

Answer 19

a disorder in which anxiety is a central symptom

Question 20

stress disorders

Answer 20

traumatic events; fight or flight

Question 21

correlation

Answer 21

the degree to which events or characteristics vary along with each other

Question 22

• Who was the first “star” to bring eating disorders to awareness

Answer 22

Karen Carpenter

Question 23

• NAMI

Answer 23

National Alliance on Mental Illness

Question 24

• Symptoms of schizophrenia and treatment

Answer 24

• symptoms: Hallucinations, Delusions, and Paranoia

- treatment: medication, cognitive behavioral therapy

Question 25

• How are fear and anxiety different

Answer 25

• fear: the central nervous system’s physiological and emotional response to a SERIOUS threat to one’s well being
• anxiety: the central nervous system’s physiological and emotional response to a VAGUE sense of threat or danger

Question 26

• Why are case studies useful

Answer 26

?

Question 27

• Fetish

Answer 27

a paraphilia consisting of recurrent and intense sexual urges, fantasies, or behaviors that involve the use of nonliving object, often to the exclusion of all other stimuli

Question 28

• What is a “high” form drugs

Answer 28

?

Question 29

Bipolar I

Answer 29

a type of bipolar disorder in which a person experiences full manic and major depressive episodes

Question 30

Bipolar II

Answer 30

a type of bipolar disorder in which a person experiences mildly manic (hypomanic) episodes and major depressive episodes

Question 31

• GID

Answer 31

Gender Identity disorder: a disorder in which a person persistently feels extremely uncomfortable about his or her assigned sex and strongly wishes to be a member of the opposite sex

Question 32

• Cause of autism

Answer 32

there is no known cause of autism but it is generally accepted that it is caused by abnormalities in brain structure or function.

Question 33

• IV versus DV

Answer 33

• dependent variable: the variable in an experiment that is expected to change as the independent variable is manipulated
• independent variable: the variable in an experiment that is manipulated to determine whether it has an effect on another variable

Question 34

• ODD and conduct disorder

Answer 34

• oppositional defiant disorder: a childhood disorder in which children argue repeatedly with adults, lose their temper, and feel great anger and resentment
• conduct disorder: a childhood disorder in which the child repeatedly violates the basic rights of others, displaying aggression and sometimes destroying others’ property, lying, or running away from home

Question 35

• Symptoms and treatment of depression

Answer 35

-Symptoms: Difficulty concentrating, remembering details, and making decisions
Fatigue and decreased energy
Feelings of guilt, worthlessness, and/or helplessness
Feelings of hopelessness and/or pessimism
Insomnia, early-morning wakefulness, or excessive sleeping
Irritability, restlessness
Loss of interest in activities or hobbies once pleasurable, including sex
Overeating or appetite loss
Persistent aches or pains, headaches, cramps, or digestive problems that do not ease even with treatment
Persistent sad, anxious, or “empty” feelings
Thoughts of suicide, suicide attempts
-treatment: medication, psychotherapy, interpersonal therapy, psychodynamic therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy

Question 36

• Assessment process

Answer 36

the process of collecting and interpreting relevant information about a client or subject