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CA1 SHSUCOM > Final Exam Abdominal Cavity > Flashcards

Final Exam Abdominal Cavity Flashcards

1
Q

What is located in the right upper quadrant?

A 
right lobe of liver
gallbladder
pylorus
duodenum (1-3)
pancreatic head
right suprarenal gland
right kidney
right colic (hepatic) flexure
right half of transverse colon
superior part of ascending colon
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2
Q

What is located in the left upper quadrant?

A 
left lobe of liver
spleen
stomach
jejunum and proximal ileum
pancreatic body and tail
left kidney
left suprarenal gland
left colic (hepatic) flexure
left half of transverse colon
superior part of descending colon
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3
Q

What is located in the right lower quadrant?

A 
cecum
appendix
most of ileum
inferior part of ascending colon
right ovary
right uterine tube
right ureter
right spermatic cord
uterus (only if enlarged)
urinary bladder (if full)
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4
Q

What is located in the left lower quadrant?

A 
sigmoid colon
inferior part of descending colon
left ovary
left uterine tube
left ureter
left spermatic cord
uterus (only if enlarged)
urinary bladder (if full)
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5
Q

What is the superior border of the abdominal cavity?

A

thoracic cage to 4th intercostal space

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6
Q

What is the inferior border of the abdominal cavity?

A

pelvic inlet (superior pelvic aperture)

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7
Q

What are the 2 layers of the peritoneum?

A

parietal and visceral

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8
Q

What are the lines separating the 9 regions of the abdominal cavity?

A

2 midclavicular to midinguinal
1 trans subcostal line (10th intercostal space)
1 trans tubercular line

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9
Q

What are the lines separating the 4 quadrants of the abdominal cavity?

A 
midsagittal line
and transumbilical (L3/L4)
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10
Q

What is located at the very base of the abdominal cavity?

A

part of ileum, cecum, appendix, and sigmoid colon

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11
Q

What is located at the most superior portion of the abdominal cavity?

A

spleen, liver, part of kidneys, and stomach

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12
Q

What forms the peritoneal recess?

A

inferior recess of omental bursa between the greater omentum and umbilical folds

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13
Q

What are the 5 folds of the abdominal cavity?

A

1 median umbilical fold
2 medial umbilical folds
2 lateral umbilical folds

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14
Q

What is the median umbilical fold a remnant of?

A

urachus (drained the fetal bladder)

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15
Q

What do the medial umbilical folds cover?

A

medial umbilical ligaments

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16
Q

What do the lateral umbilical folds cover?

A

the inferior epigastric vessels

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17
Q

What does the the median umbilical fold cover?

A

median umbilical ligament

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18
Q

What are the common sites for abdominal hernias?

A

supravesical fossae
medial inguinal fossae
lateral inguinal fossae

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19
Q

Where are direct inguinal hernias likely?

A

medial inguinal fossae AKA inguinal triangles AKA Hesselbach triangles

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20
Q

Where are indirect inguinal hernias likely?

A

lateral inguinal fossae

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21
Q

What innervates the parietal peritoneum?

A

somatic nerves of T7-L1

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22
Q

What innervates the visceral peritoneum?

A

ANS

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23
Q

What anchors the liver to the anterior abdominal wall?

A

falciform ligament

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24
Q

What ligament conducts the portal triad?

A

hepatoduodenal ligament

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25
Q

What comprises the portal triad?

A

portal vein, hepatic artery, and bile duct

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26
Q

What ligaments are part of the greater omentum?

A

gastrocolic ligament, gastrosplenic ligament, gastrophrenic ligament

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27
Q

What ligaments are part of the lesser omentum?

A

hepatoduodenal ligament, gastrohepatic ligament

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28
Q

What ligament anchors the spleen to the kidney?

A

lienorenal ligament

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29
Q

What is the potential space between the diaphragm and liver called?

A

subphrenic recesses

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30
Q

What is located in the supracolic compartment?

A

stomach, liver, and spleen

31
Q

What is located in the infracolic compartment?

A

ascending and descending colon, and SI

32
Q

What does the greater omentum do?

A

connects stomach to transverse colon

33
Q

What does the lesser omentum do?

A

connects stomach to liver

34
Q

What are the boundaries of the omental foramen?

A

hepatoduodenal ligament (anterior)
IVC & right crus of diaphragm (posterior)
liver (superior)
first part of duodenum (inferior)

35
Q

What is the function of the mesentaries?

A

connects parts of the intestines to the posterior abdominal wall

36
Q

What are some examples of intraperitoneal organs?

A

stomach, small intestine, liver, and spleen

37
Q

What are some examples of retroperitoneal organs?

A

esophagus, rectum, kidneys, ascending/descending colon

38
Q

What supplies the foregut with blood?

A

celiac trunk

39
Q

What supplies the midgut with blood?

A

superior mesenteric artery

40
Q

What supplies the hindgut with blood?

A

inferior mesenteric artery

41
Q

When dealing with an infection in the peritoneum, what can cause the ascitic fluid to move and spread?

A

paracolic gutters

42
Q

What are the boundaries for the anterior abdominal wall?

A

costal cartilage & xiphoid process (superior)

inguinal ligament and pelvic girdle

43
Q

The superficial fascia below the umbilicus is divided into what 2 layers?

A

Camper’s fascia and Scarpa’s fascia

44
Q

What does the linea alba do?

A

connects the L & R rectus sheaths

45
Q

What is the anterior rectus sheath formed by?

A

external oblique and part of the internal oblique aponeurosis

46
Q

What is the posterior rectus sheath formed by?

A

transversus abdominus and part of the internal oblique aponeurosis

47
Q

What are the 3 functions of the ab muscles?

A

compress contents, maintain and increase IAP, and posture

48
Q

What is the importance of T10?

A

level of umbilicus

49
Q

What is the importance of L1?

A

inguinal canal

50
Q

The L1 nerve splits into what 2 nerves?

A

iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves

51
Q

Where is the transverse abdominal plane?

A

between the internal oblique and transversus abdominus

52
Q

Where is anesthetic inserted to for a TAP block?

A

triangle of petit

53
Q

What are the superior epigastric and musculophrenic arteries a continuation of?

A

internal thoracic artery

54
Q

What is the inferior epigastric artery a branch of?

A

external iliac artery

55
Q

What is the superficial epigastric artery a branch of?

A

femoral artery

56
Q

Where do veins drain into ABOVE the umbilicus?

A

internal thoracic vein and lateral thoracic vein

57
Q

Where do veins drain into BELOW the umbilicus?

A

superficial and inferior epigastric veins

58
Q

Where do the lymphatics drain into ABOVE the umbilicus?

59
Q

Where do the lymphatics drain into BELOW the umbilicus?

A

superficial inguinal

60
Q

What is the opening in the transversalis fascia which is the entrance of the inguinal canal?

A

deep inguinal ring

61
Q

What is found in the inguinal canal?

A

ilioinguinal nerve, spermatic cord OR round ligament of the uterus, and the genitofemoral nerve

62
Q

The transversalis fascia becomes the

A

internal spermatic fascia

63
Q

The internal oblique becomes the

A

cremasteric fascia

64
Q

The external oblique aponeurosis becomes the

A

external spermatic fascia

65
Q

What type of hernia goes through the entire inguinal canal?

66
Q

What causes indirect hernias?

A

patent processus vaginalis

67
Q

What are the 6 important structures of the caudal foregut?

A 
esophagus
stomach
duodenum
pancreas
liver/galbladder 
spleen
68
Q

What are the 6 important structures of the midgut?

A 
duodenum
jejunum
ileum
cecum/appendix
ascending colon
transverse colon
69
Q

What are the 3 important structures of the hindgut?

A

descending colon
sigmoid colon
rectum

70
Q

What is the blood supply to the caudal foregut?

A

celiac trunk

71
Q

What is the blood supply to the midgut?

A

superior mesenteric

72
Q

What is the blood supply to the hindgut?

A

inferior mesenteric

73
Q

Where is the lesser sac?

A

in front of the pancreas, behind the stomach, below the liver, above the transverse colon

CA1 SHSUCOM (2 decks)

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