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World Literature > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Write a paragraph defining universality in literature. Give at least three examples of universal themes from three of our readings in this unit. Be sure to have a strong topic sentence, body, and clincher to your paragraph! (20 points)

A

Universality is defined as a universal theme across stories that is overused in different formats and contexts. Some examples would include the “knight saving the princess from villain” or a moral lesson. A few examples from our stories would be a moral lesson in “Three Questions” and irony in “How Much Land Does a Man Need?”. In “Three Questions,” the main character’s questions are answered by his actions. In “How Much Land Does a Man Need?” it is ironic when the main character spends time working to obtain more land when all he needs is what’s right in front of him. Another great example is a moral lesson in “A Problem,” when our main character squeezes his way out of felony. Ultimately, these examples serve a purpose in further proving universality among the vast array of existing stories and proving the similarity between them.

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2
Q

Explain two strategies presented in class which are recommended to use when reading poetry to aid your understanding. Number your answers 1 and 2. State the strategy and then explain it! (4 points)

A

Analyze – analyze each line and its meaning

Reflect – reflect on themes, words, and how they connect

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3
Q

Answer the following question in one properly developed paragraph. Be sure to fully support what you say with details that you remember from the readings. Your paragraph should have a strong topic sentence, body, and clincher. (5 points)

Choose one main character from the literature read and prove that he/she is a static character. Talk about what makes them so. Choose from the stories, not poems.

A

*

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4
Q

Answer the following question in one properly developed paragraph. Be sure to fully support what you say with details that you remember from the readings. Your paragraph should have a strong topic sentence, body, clincher. (5 points)

Choose one character from the literature read in this unit and prove that he or she is a dynamic character. Talk about what makes them so. Choose from the stories, not poems.

A

The king in the story “Three Questions” contemplates three questions and desires for them to be answered. He travels to consult a wise hermit about them, who supposedly keeps dodging his questions. Eventually, in the end of the story, it was the king’s actions that answered his own questions, which the hermit explained. The king left the hermit with a new attitude about life and humanity. This proves the king’s character as dynamic, because they underwent a drastic change.

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5
Q

Answer the following questions about grammar and sentence structure.

Identify the sentence in blue according to pattern. `Keep still, you little devil, or I’ll cut your throat!’

A

compound

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6
Q

Answer the following questions about grammar and sentence structure.

Identify the sentence starter. If Sasha’s error bordered upon crime, they must remember that Sasha had received practically no education.

A

subordinate clause

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7
Q

Answer the following questions about grammar and sentence structure.

Identify the sentence in blue according to purpose. Boy, am I tired!

A

exclamatory

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8
Q

Answer the following questions about grammar and sentence structure.

Which is not true of a topic sentence?

A

It can be anywhere in the paragraph.

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9
Q

How is the ending and last line of “How Much Land Does a Man Need?” ironic? Answer in at least 3 sentences. (5 points.)

A

The main character worked until he dug his own grave, which only then made him realize the answer to his question. All along, as he was tiredly working to expand his property, he only needed what was right in front of him. It’s ironic that he died trying to obtain something that wasn’t even necessary for his well-being.

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10
Q

Choose the correct form:

___________ emptied the recycling yesterday?

A

Who

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11
Q

Answer the following questions about grammar and sentence structure.

Identify the following sentence according to purpose. Study carefully before you attempt your test.

A

imperative

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12
Q

Answer the following questions about grammar and sentence structure.

Identify the sentence in blue according to pattern. The man, after he looked at me for a moment, turned me upside down, and then he emptied my pockets.

A

compound-complex

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13
Q

How is the infinitive used in this sentence: Mom is coming to help me prepare for the party.

A

adverb

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14
Q

How is atmosphere established in writing? Describe the atmosphere from one of the readings in this unit. Number your answers 1 and 2. (5 points)

A

Atmosphere is established through the physical background of the story, and the emotions attached along with it.
In Great Expectations, the graveyard scene is established as erie, mysterious, and dark.

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15
Q

Answer the following questions about grammar and sentence structure.

Identify the following sentence according to purpose. How many hours did you spend studying?

A

interrogative

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16
Q

Choose the correct form:

____________ did you call last night?

A

Whom

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17
Q

Answer the following questions about grammar and sentence structure.

Identify the sentence in blue according to pattern. `Hold your noise!’ cried a terrible voice, as a man started up from among the graves at the side of the church porch.

A

complex

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18
Q

Answer the following questions about grammar and sentence structure.

Identify the sentence starter. In short, the family was dear to him for many reasons, and he refused to admit the idea that, for the sake of a paltry fifteen hundred rubles, a blot should be cast on the escutcheon that was beyond all price.

A

preposition

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19
Q

Answer each of the following questions in a properly developed paragraph. Be sure to fully support what you say with details that you remember from the readings.

“Three Questions” ends with the statement “for that purpose alone was man sent into this life”. What is the purpose as explained by the hermit? Explain whether you agree or disagree with the purpose stated in the story and whether it is indeed man’s sole purpose. (5 points)

A

I believed the hermit answered the question something in the context of “spreading goodness into the world.” I agree halfway with this statement in accordance to the Bible. In a Biblical perspective, it would involve aspects of spreading the good news, and not simply spreading goodness. Without God there cannot be good, so this statement would be meaningless without Him.

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20
Q

Answer the following questions about grammar and sentence structure.

What is the main difference between a semicolon and a colon?

A

A semicolon is almost a full stop, while a colon urges the reader to go on.

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21
Q

Answer the following questions about grammar and sentence structure.

Identify the sentence starter. The maternal uncle, kind-hearted Ivan Markovitch, spoke smoothly, softly, and with a tremor in his voice.

A

subject

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22
Q

How is the infinitive used in this sentence: To go to Hawaii is a dream of mine.

A

noun

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23
Q

Answer the following questions about grammar and sentence structure.

Which of the following is not an acceptable way to make a compound sentence?

A

to use a comma

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24
Q

Answer the following questions about grammar and sentence structure.

Identify the sentence in blue according to pattern. I pointed to where our village lay, on the flat in-shore among the alder-trees and pollards, a mile or more from the church.

A

simple

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25
Q

Ralph considers _______ the most important thing on the island

A

the fire

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26
Q

Choose the best answer.

Writing that is clear with logical connections and progression of thought is called

A

coherent

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27
Q

Ralph best represents which aspect of human nature?

A

moral choice

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28
Q

Paragraph Answer: Name the three stages of conflict and explain those stages as they occur in Lord of the Flies.

A

*

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29
Q

The conch shell symbolizes all of the following except

A

authoritarianism

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30
Q

Short Answer: Why does Ralph cry at the end of the book?

A

I believe Ralph broke out into tears because of his rescue and someone who can end Jack’s painful society and idea of a democracy.

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31
Q

Ironically, Ralph’s life is saved by

A

smoke intended to force him out

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32
Q

Who hesitates when the boys vote for chief, unsure whether or not to support Ralph?

A

Piggy

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33
Q

Which is the best description of Simon?

A

He is a visionary and considered odd by the other boys.

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34
Q

Choose the best answer.

When writing formally, you should avoid use of personal ___________, abbreviations, slang, and contractions.

A

both of the above

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35
Q

Short Answer: What is the main purpose of Jack’s character? Explain using literary terms.

A

Jack is a round character who represents the fall of society.

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36
Q

What lures the navy ship to the island?

A

The fire in the jungle

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37
Q

Short Answer: What is the theme of Lord of the Flies as expressed by the author?

A

Each character represents a different aspect of society, Piggy being knowledge, Ralph being order, and Jack being chaos.

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38
Q

Short Answer: Explain the difference between atmosphere and tone. What is an adjective that can describe atmosphere? What is an adjective that can describe tone?

A

Atmosphere is the physical background, whether in a jungle or a city, while tone is the mood and the overall feel of the story, as in, how does the story make you feel? Sad? Angry? Happy?

39
Q

Which character in this novel is the most dynamic? Explain your choice with reasons and examples. (paragraph)

A

In my opinion, I think Jack was the most dynamic character of them all. He started off showing small signs of rebellion, desiring to have power among the boys. Eventually, after realizing that Ralph’s rules meant nothing, he gave up his character and turned to savagery. This initial shift from a bully with his mouth to a murderer with his hands is more drastic than any other change in the book. But then, in the very end when an adult appears, he cries, knowing that someone more powerful can end his idea of a civilization and put order back into his life, also, regretting his decisions.

40
Q

Choose the best answer.

Words and phrases that unify a piece of writing, act as guideposts and indicate the logical relationship between ideas are called _______ devices.

A

transitional

41
Q

Choose the best answer.

The three functions of the thesis of an essay are (1) tell the topics to be discussed (2) reveal __________ and (3) suggest point of view.

A

*

42
Q

What does the conch symbolize?

A

Civilized discourse

43
Q

Which character best fits the description of an affable and easy-going boy whom everyone likes and admires?

A

Ralph

44
Q

Short Answer: What must be necessary for change to be believable in a character? (Explain, not list.)

A

For a change in a character to be believable, they should be plausible, timely, and relatable. Their actions must be committed in a believable amount of time, instead of changing overnight, it must be a gradual process, and their change must be relatable to the reader.

45
Q

Choose the best answer.

Effective writing must have ____________, coherence, and emphasis.

A

unity

46
Q

Choose the best answer.

When writing a critical analysis of literature, your thesis statement should include a reference to the type of _____________ , the author and title, the essay topic, point about the topic, focus, and organization.

A

literature

47
Q

Lord of the Flies was published in 1964.

A

False

48
Q

Which object’s symbolic meaning changes from hope to devastation and fear?

A

The fire

49
Q

Describe the difference between escape and interpretive literature. Give an example of a story from our readings in this unit that falls into each category and explain why. (Paragraph)

A

Escape literature is more focused towards entertainment, while interpretive literature makes you think and reflect on the story. A good example of escape literature would be “The Ransom of Red Chief”. This story is chaotic, full of many funny moments and tons of irony when two kidnappers steal a young boy and he annoys them to their end. There’s not much thinking involved in this story. An example of interpretive literature would be “August Heat”. This story, about two men who have never met that create art of themselves, one carving a gravestone and the other a simple painting. The gravestone carver is supposedly the killer, but we never know. We are supposed to use clues from the story to determine the ending.

50
Q

The theme of a story is a “truth” as the author/persona sees it and we should also view it as true.

A

False

51
Q

What is the main conflict in “The Lady or the Tiger?”

A

man vs. self

52
Q

Who is the protagonist in “The Ransom of Red Chief”?

A

Sam

53
Q

Fate is the result of an impersonal force predetermining it; thus fatalism removes ethical concerns from human actions.

A

True

54
Q

The predominant focus of “The Lady or the Tiger?” is

A

Plot

55
Q

A thesis is part of an essay, not a short story.

A

True

56
Q

Choose a protagonist from one of the stories in this unit and write a character analysis of him or her. Use the literary terms that you have learned (stock, dynamic, flat, round, foil, etc.). How is the character developed? Is the character believable?

A

The barber from “Just Lather, That’s All” – This character is not only believable, but we can relate to him on a moral and physical level. When we are first introduced, he is frightened when Captain Torres, a well known assassin, enters his shop to receive a haircut and shave. The barber’s first intentions are to make sure he doesn’t cut him at all while shaving (It is implied that he has never cut anyone in the first place, but he wants to be extra careful with the captain, because of his reputation). This quickly turns into an emotional rollercoaster of feelings. He becomes obsessed with the idea of simply cutting the captain’s throat and ending it all, but then shakes off the idea, realizing the consequences. He sweats and observes small details on his skin in his nervousness and indecisiveness. Finally, when he finishes the cut and shave, the captain explains that he was told that the barber would kill him. The barber is definitely a dynamic character, with many feelings, sides, personality, and moral intentions. He is ultimately extremely believable and relatable.

57
Q

Chance is involved in coincidence, but not fate.

A

True

58
Q

What type of irony is most prevalent in “Just Lather, That’s All”? Defend your answer.

A

I feel like situational irony is most present in “Just Lather, That’s All”. The barber and the audience know that the barber wants to kill Captain Torres. What’s ironic about the situation is not only does the barber decide against killing Captain Torres, but the captain knew all along what the barber had in mind. The barber is completely shocked at this.

59
Q

What are the ways to create suspense as mentioned in your lessons? Check all apply.

A

Through conflict
A precarious situation
An apparently unsolvable problem Foreshadowing
Delay (something interrupts the action) Seesaw
Vigil (waiting period)

60
Q

Which of the following best describes Laura’s attitude toward the workmen in “The Garden Party”?

A

She wishes that she had friends like the workmen instead of the silly boys with whom she dances.

61
Q

The predominant focus in “The Ransom of Red Chief” is

A

character

62
Q

What are the criteria for a short story?

A

All of the above.

63
Q

List and define the three types of irony. Include an example of each.

A

Verbal – Sarcasm, such as saying the boys locker room smells great while plugging your nose.
Dramatic – When the audience knows something that the characters do not, such as in Romeo and Juliet, when Romeo thinks Juliet is dead but was just in a temporary coma.
Situational – When the opposite of expected happens, such as Bill Gates using an Apple computer.

64
Q

Explain the theme of “In Flanders Fields”. Be sure to describe the speaker and the audience in the poem. Also describe the setting.

A

The speaker is a solider explaining his plan to avenge his fellow comrades who have died during the war. The setting is quite traumatic– death, destruction, and hatred, all related to the battle that took many of their lives.

65
Q

What is the rhyme scheme for the following stanza:

O Attic shape! Fair attitude! with brede
Of marble men and maidens overwrought,
With forest branches and the trodden weed;
Thou, silent form, dost tease us out of thought
As doth eternity: Cold Pastoral!
When old age shall this generation waste,
Thou shalt remain, in midst of other woe
Than ours, a friend to man, to whom thou say’st,
“Beauty is truth, truth beauty,—that is all
Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know.”

A

ABAB CDEDCE

66
Q

Which poem shows the irony of striving for worldly fame?

A

“Ozymandias”

67
Q

The poems “Ozymandias” and “On a Stupendous Leg of Granite . . .” are about which historical figure?

A

Ramesses, II

68
Q

This poet was orphaned by age 14 and died at age 26. His writings focused on themes of mortality.

A

Keats

69
Q

poem structure usually used for light and fanciful verse

A

Rondeau

70
Q

Story of love or tragedy which can be set to music.

A

Ballad

71
Q

A type of lyric poem that is usually written in honor or praise of someone or something.

A

Ode

72
Q

14-line poem written in iambic pentameter

A

Sonnet

73
Q

Two lines of poetry which must have rhythm and may rhyme.

A

Couplet

74
Q

Does not follow a particular pattern or rhyme scheme

A

Free Verse

75
Q

Has four lines in a stanza and usually follows a rhyme pattern.

A

Quatrain

76
Q

perfection

A

seven

77
Q

eternity

A

one thousand

78
Q

unity

A

one

79
Q

trial or testing

A

forty

80
Q

completion

A

ten

81
Q

Who is the speaker in “My Last Duchess”?

A

The Duke of Ferrara

82
Q

Explain the meaning of Millay’s poem, “Conscientious Objector”. Include the definition of the term “conscientious objector” and relate it to world events during the period it was written. What is the tone of the poem? Describe the most prominent poetic device used in the poem.

A

Conscientious objector – The act of refusing to support or engage in military activity.

She does not support the killing of others except natural death, as she describes through the imaginary character “Death,” which she will only allow to act in taking her life naturally. The periods were tough during these times– racial and war conflict aroused every part of the nation. The tone can be described as sorrowful and informative at the same time, presenting the tragedies of the world and expressing her beliefs. I would conclude that allusion is most prominently used, due to the references to real-life occurrences and situations.

83
Q

What type of poem follows this pattern?

A

Shakespearean sonnet

84
Q

the pattern of rhymes found in each stanza

A

rhyme scheme

85
Q

tell and bell

A

Masculine rhyme

86
Q

hill, hall; live, love

A

Alliteration

87
Q

“A kite is a fish you have already caught . . .”

A

Metaphor

88
Q

“‘I am great Ozymandias,’ saith the stone”

A

Personification

89
Q

“sneer of cold command”

A

Consonance

90
Q

stable and table

A

Feminine rhyme

91
Q

“Have sight of Proteus rising from the sea; Or hear old Triton blow his wreathed horn.”

A

Allusion

92
Q

“because it lives like a desperate trained falcon”

A

Simile

93
Q

rhyming within a line

A

Internal rhyme

94
Q

“I met a traveler from an antique land
Who said: Two vast and trunkless legs of stone
Stand in the desert . . .”

A

Persona

World Literature (3 decks)

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