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Global Food Security > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

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1
Q

Rome declaration Food Security definition (1996)

A

Food security ensures that all people at all times have physical and economic access to food that is safe and nutrition to eat that meets their dietary and cultural needs to provide individuals with an active and healthy life.

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2
Q

Food Insecurity

A

— Limited or uncertain availability of nutritionally adequate and safe foods or limited or uncertain ability to acquire acceptable foods in socially acceptable ways.
o Socially unacceptable ways include stealing, scavenging, food distribution inequality due to social castes or gender discrimination, prostitution, working children in the streets.

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3
Q

Food insecurity is not necessarily the lack of food security. why?

A

There is a shift from access to food (security) to lack of availability (insecurity)

  • food insecurity is lack of availability
  • food security is a lack of access
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4
Q

Right to Adequate Food (ICESCR)

A

o “The right of everyone to adequate food and the fundamental right to be free from hunger.”
 Regular, permanent, and unrestricted access
 Quantitatively and qualitatively adequate food
 Corresponding to cultural traditions
o Ratified by over 150 countries
o Legally binding: obligatory for states

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5
Q

The states that sign this agreement must:

A

o Respect: cannot take measures that prevent people to access food.
o Protect: prevent others from interfering.
o Fulfill: create conditions for effective realization. (facilitate (effective realisation of food), provide (free from hunger))

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6
Q

Why is the Right to Adequate Food a Concern for us/all members of society?

A 
human dignity
legal obligations
international commitment
economical 
political
ethical
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7
Q

Transitory Food Insecurity

A
  • need to develop resistance and plan ahead for disaster

- early warning capacity and safety net programs

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8
Q

Chronic Food Insecurity

A

Poverty fixers: education or access to productive resources, such as credit. More direct access to food to enable them to raise their productive capacity.

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9
Q
  1. Availability
A

“supply side”; determined by the level of food production, stock levels, and net trade in the country as a whole
- are there sufficient quantities of food available to the people?

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10
Q
  1. Access
A

Economic and physical

- are the people able to access the food that is available?

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11
Q
  1. Utilization
A

is the body making most of various nutrients? Good care, food prep, diversity of diet, biologival utilization of food

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12
Q
  1. Stability (SEEP)
A

Weather, politics, economic factors (unemployment, food prices). Includes social, economic, environmental, political stability (SEEP)\

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13
Q

Food security indicator for AVAILABILITY

A

Average caloric intake
Average value of food production
Share of dietary energy from cereals, roots, tubers (energy dense, nutrient poor)
Average supply of protein of animal origin

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14
Q

Food security indicator for physical access

A

Percentage of paved roads over total roads
Road density
Rail lines density

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15
Q

Food security indicator for economical access

A

Domestic food price index – monthly change in prices of a basket of food commodities

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16
Q

Food security indicator for Utilization

A

Access to improved water sources

Access to improved sanitation facilities

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17
Q

what can be a main cause of stunting

A

poor sanitation

- open air defecation

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18
Q

Food Security Measurement Methods

A
  1. food balance sheet
  2. household income and expenses
  3. adequacy of diet- 24 h recall
  4. child nutrition status
  5. experience
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19
Q

The State of Food Security in the World – SOFI (2015)

A

In 1996, at the World Food Summit, the goal was to decrease undernourishment by half the NUMBER by 2015.
— (millennial goal was to half the proportion

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20
Q

• The region with the HIGHEST NUMBER of undernourished people in the world is _____ but the HIGHEST PERCENTAGE is _______

A

asia, africa

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21
Q

Mild food insecurity:

A

worrying about ability to acquire food

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22
Q

moderate

A

compromising quality

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23
Q

severe

A

compromising quantity

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24
Q

The number of undernourished people increased by almost 40 million people between 2015 and 2016.
What caused this increase?

A

conflict

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25
Q

Global Food Security Index – The Economist

A

affordability
availibility
food quality and safety

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26
Q

What does the Voices of the Hungry allows us to differentiate between

A

mild, moderate and severe

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27
Q

in Canada % food insecure?

A

12.5 in 2013

28
Q

____ % of Inuit preschoolers FI?

A

70%

29
Q

immediate causes of FI

A

diet and disease

30
Q

underlying causes

A

household food insecurity
inadequate care (hygiene, feeding, psychological care)
unhealthy environment and inadequate services (clean water, bathrooms)

31
Q

Basic causes

A

lack of capital: financial , human physical, social and natural ,social

32
Q

4 types of capital other than financial

A

social, physical, human, natural

33
Q

food availability

A

quality available, food production in country

34
Q

access

A

financial resources, transport, distance, mobility

35
Q

utilization

A

cooking skills, storage, safety

36
Q

determinants of health

A 
constitutional factors
lifestyle factors
social + community
living and working conditions
socioeconomical
37
Q

how many hectors lost to drought and desertification annually

A

12 million

38
Q

what is increasing the risk of food borne disease

A
  1. urbanization ( need more food, risky food, more complex food chains )
  2. low levels biodiversity - relying on frugs to mask more husbandry
  3. high risk pathogen - gray waters, poor waste management for livestock
  4. lagging governance system
39
Q

urbanization

A

risk of food borne disease

40
Q

high risk pathogens

A

risk of food borne disease

41
Q

low levels biodiversity

A

risk of food borne disease

42
Q

lagging governance system

A

risk of food borne disease

43
Q

consequences of food insecurity

A
  • double burden, triple, quadruple
  • hidden hunger
  • more susceptible to infection
  • depressed
  • education impacted in adolescents
44
Q

% overweight or obese in the world

A

37%

45
Q

as time progresses

A

diet change–> grain loans–> small animal sales–> assets sales–> land sales –> out migration

46
Q

food categories

A

core, secondary, peripheral

47
Q

the world food summit (in ROME) made a plan of action
to half the number of undernourished people in the world by 2015. it took place in 1996 in Rome. what actions fit it implement? (state 4/7)

A
  • enable a political, social and economic environment to achieving sustainable food security for all
  • be prepared for disasters
  • create policy aimed at eradicating poverty
  • implement, monitor and follow up plan
48
Q

create a political, social and economic environment that is most conductive to achieving sustainable food security for all

A

the world food summit plan of action

commitments

49
Q
  • implement, monitor and follow up plan
A

the world food summit plan of action

commitments

50
Q

be prepared for disasters

A

the world food summit plan of action

commitments

51
Q

-policy aimed at eradicating poverty

A

the world food summit plan of action

commitments

52
Q

3 main strategies against undernutrition

A

food based
supplementation
disease control

53
Q

pathway to reshape global food system

A 
empower women 
more infrustrature
invest in research and development
fix fundamentals
improve food safety
54
Q

high priority policy actions

A
  • invest Human Resources
    -improve employment
  • improve markets and infrustracture
  • expand research
    natural resource management
    good governance
55
Q

% food waste

A

30-40%

56
Q

food loss

A

loss on supply chain

57
Q

food waste

A

edible but thrown away

58
Q

3 environments that affect food security

A

physical
social
policy

59
Q

what is food insecurity

A

limited or uncertain availability of safe and adequate foods OR limited or uncertain ability to acquire food in socially acceptable ways

60
Q

what is food security as stated in Rome

A

food security exists when all ppl at all times have economical, and physical access to safe, nutritious and adequate foods to meet their dietary needs and live a healthy, active life

61
Q

what is hunger

A

feeling of discomfort or weakness caused by lack of food, paired with desire to eat

62
Q

What did the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948 state in terms of the right to food?

A

everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and family, including food

63
Q

what’s wrong with 1948 declaration of human rights

A

…including food

“himself”

64
Q

ICESCR

A

UN, 1970 wish, ratifying 150 countries - stating that everyone having adequate food is a basic right. everyone should be free from hunger”

65
Q

methods to measure food security

A
  • food balance sheets
  • household income, expenditure
  • experience
  • child nutrition status
  • 24 h recall ( dietary adequacy)

Global Food Security (1 decks)

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