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Met 320 > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Dry Adiabat

A

line of constant potential temperature.

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2
Q

Isentrope

A

Line of constant potential temperature

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3
Q

4 types of inverions

A
  • Inversions
  • Subsidence
  • Frontal
  • Radiational
  • Turbulent
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4
Q

Subsidence Inversion

A
  • Dry aloft.
  • Sinking air
  • Top layer warms more than the bottom
  • Associated with anticyclones
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5
Q

Frontal Inversion

A

Deeper layer of moisture.

Associated with “overrunning”

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6
Q

CAPE

A

Convective Available Potential Energy

Energy available to sustain deep convection. Indicator of

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7
Q

Stability Indices

A
  • Showalter
  • Energy-Helicity
  • Bulk-Richardson
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8
Q

Showalter Index

A

T500-Tp500

The more the value decreases the higher the instability and likelihood for thunderstorms.

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9
Q

Lifted Index

A

+ Value -> Stable

  • Value -> Unstable
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10
Q

Energy-Helicity Index

A

Values > 3 = Potential for strong-violent tornadoes

Combination of CAPE and Helicity.

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11
Q

Bulk-Richardson Number

A

Values between 10-40 = Supercell potential

> 40 = multicell/squall line

CAPE/Shear

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12
Q

4 Methods of estimating vertical motion

A

Kinematic Method
Adiabatic Method
Vorticity Method
Satellite Infrared

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13
Q

Kinematic Method of Estimating Vertical Motion

A

Vertical motion proportional to divergence aloft

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14
Q

Adiabatic Method of Estimating Vertical Motion

A

Vertical temperature profile

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15
Q

Vorticity Method of Estimating Vertical Motion

A

Change in vorticity with time to estimate vertical motion

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16
Q

Satellite Infrared of Estimating Vertical Motion

A

Changes in cloud top temperatures

17
Q

What is QG theory?

A

Simplification of the equations of motion for mid-latitude synoptic scale systems.

18
Q

Q-G Diagnosis Equation

A

Omega Equation

19
Q

Q-G Prognosis Equation

A

Geopotential Tendency Equation

20
Q

Quasi Geostrophic Significane

A

Atmosphere attempts to achieve geostrophic and thermal wind balance

Acceleration produced by ageostrophic flow

21
Q

Q-G Limitations

A

Only an approximation

Problems around fronts and jets

22
Q

QG Omega Equation Solutions

A

Upward Motion

  • Increasing PVA
  • WAA

Downward motion

  • Increasing NVA
  • CAA
23
Q

QG Geopotential Tendency Equation Solutions

A

Height Falls

  • PVA
  • Decreasing CAA w/ height

Height Rises

  • NVA
  • Decreasing WAA w/ height
24
Q

Movement of anticyclones

A

Towards NVA
Towards CAA
Towards diabatic cooling

25
Q

Movement of cyclones

A

Towards PVA
Towards WAA
Towards diabatic heating

26
Q

Trenberth QG Omega

A

Eliminates uncertainty of PVA/CAA or NVA/WAA

Uses thermal wind for vorticity advection

27
Q

Hoskins QG Omega

A

Q Vector includes vorticity advection and temperature advection

28
Q

ELR Stability

A

ELR > SLR = Absolutely Stable

ELR > DLR = Absoulutely Unstable

SLR < ELR < DLR = Conditionally Stable

Met 320 (1 decks)

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