Final Exam

Question 1

Phenotypes

Answer 1

Observational (Dominant)

Question 2

Psychoanalysis

Answer 2

A theory of human development that holds that irrational unconscious drives & motives

Question 3

Teratogens

Answer 3

Anything that can cause abnormal development

EX: Caffeine, Alcohol, Aspirin, Tobacco, Marijuana, Heroin, Cocaine, Inhaled Solvents, Nicotine

Question 4

Rooting

Answer 4

Turning their mouth towards anything that touches their cheek

Question 5

APGAR Scale

Answer 5

A test is given at birth which checks the heart rate, respiratory effort, muscle tone, skin color, and reflex irritability

Question 6

Three periods of prenatal development

Answer 6

Germinal (2 wks after conception)
Embryonic (3-8 wks)
Fetal (9 wks-birth)

Question 7

Object Permanence

Answer 7

Understanding of something that exists even though it is not in sight or has been removed from the field of vision

Question 8

Operant Conditioning

Answer 8

A type of learning where behavior is controlled by consequences (Positive & negative reinforcement/punishment)

Question 9

Attachment Styles

Answer 9

Secure
Avoidant
Anxious/Ambivalent
Disorganized

Question 10

Vygotsky

Answer 10

Social Learning; sociocultural theory

Question 11

Reversibility/Irreversibility

Answer 11

A characteristic of preoperational thought whereby a young child thinks that nothing can be undone – doesn’t understand that something can be reversed

A thing cannot be restored to the way it was before a change occurred

Question 12

Theory of Mind

Answer 12

The ability to understand your own mental state, as well as the mental state of others

Question 13

Overregularization

Answer 13

Applying the general rules of grammar where they do not apply due to exceptions to these rules.
(Ex. My foots hurt, instead of my feet- I builded a housed. I missded you)

Question 14

Anorexia Nervosa

Answer 14

Starve self due to fear of getting fat

Question 15

Game of Thinking

Answer 15

Divorcing thought from reality and playfully considering various hypothetical possibilities in certain situations

Question 16

Off-time puberty

Answer 16

When a person experiences puberty earlier or later than most of his or her same-age peers

Question 17

Kohlberg’s level of moral reasoning

Answer 17

Looked at how people of various ages responded to stories about people caught up in moral dilemmas

Question 18

Presbycusis

Answer 18

“Old hearing”

Question 19

Emerging Adulthood

Answer 19

The period between the ages of 18 and 25
thought of as a separate developmental stage
Also called young adulthood

Question 20

Kubler-Ross’s 5 stages of death and dying

Answer 20

Denial
Anger
Bargaining- bargain for extra time
Depression
Acceptance

Question 21

Erik Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development

Answer 21

Trust vs Mistrust
Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt
Initiative vs Guilt
Industry vs Inferiority
Identity vs Role Confusion
Intimacy vs Isolation
Ego Integrity vs Despair

Question 22

Expertise

Answer 22

Acquisition of extensive knowledge in a field

Question 23

Sandwich Generation

Answer 23

Responsible for bringing up their own children and helping with aging parents

Question 24

Describe two of Piaget’s concepts

Answer 24

Sensorimotor: Learn from experiences and trial and error; Object permanence
Preoperational: Develop language, memr=ory, egocentric; Symbolic thought

Question 25

Nature vs. Nurture & 2 facts

Answer 25

Influences that make human behavior, such as personality, cognitive traits, temperament.
2 Facts: Behaviorism: Behavior is learned from environment conditioning and Humanism: basic physical needs, and is influenced by a person’s self-concept.

Question 26

Thanatology

Answer 26

Study of death, dying, and grief

Question 27

Phenotypes

Answer 27

Observational (Dominant)

Question 28

Invincibility Fable

Answer 28

The idea that one cannot be harmed in the same way that others can
Ex: unprotected sex, drug abuse, or high-speed driving.