Final Exam

Question 1

4 DRIVE THEORY

Answer 1

persons drives are based on the drives to:

• acquire
• bond
• learn/comprehend
• defend

Question 2

MARS model

Answer 2

motivation, ability, role perceptions, situational factors; these predictors of an individuals performance or behaviour

Question 3

organizational culture

Answer 3

represents the values and assumptions shared within an organization

Question 4

espoused culture

Answer 4

represents socially desirable values and positive public image

Question 5

enacted values

Answer 5

what employees truly rely on corporate culture to guide their behavior and decision

Question 6

organizational subcultures

Answer 6

1. dominant culture
   - values and assumptions shared most consistently and widely
2. subculture
   - located throughout the org. , can enhance or oppose dominant culture

Question 7

2 functions of countercultures

Answer 7

1. surveillance and critical review

2. source of emerging values

Question 8

artifacts

Answer 8

observable symbols and signs of culture;

ex: structures or ceremonies

Question 9

why people resist change

Answer 9

1. negative valence of change
2. fear of unknown
3. not invented here syndrome
4. breaking routines
5. in-congruent team dynamics
6. in-congruent org systems

Question 10

reducing restraining forces

Answer 10

1. communication
2. learning
3. employee involvement
4. stress management
5. negotiation
6. coercion

Question 11

managing change across cultures

Answer 11

• innate drives: needs
• change or growth drives: thoughts
• context: situational factors

Question 12

Power

Answer 12

capacity of a person, team, or org to influence others; could be positive or negative

Question 13

sources of power

Answer 13

• legitimate
• reward
• coercive
• expert
• referent

Question 14

legitimate power

Answer 14

agreement that people in certain roles can request certain behaviors of others

Question 15

reward power

Answer 15

control rewards valued by others, remove negative sanctions

Question 16

coercive power

Answer 16

ability to apply punishment; positive or negative

Question 17

expert power

Answer 17

capacity to influence others by possessing knowledge they value; positive or negative

Question 18

contingencies of power

Answer 18

• substitution
• centrality
• discretion
• visibility

Question 19

substitution

Answer 19

contingent upon the availability of alternatives

Question 20

reducing substitution

Answer 20

• monopoly over resource

- control access to resource

Question 21

visibility

Answer 21

holder of valued resource

Question 22

discretion

Answer 22

freedom to exercise judgement

Question 23

social network

Answer 23

people connected to each other through forms of interdependence; generate power through capital

Question 24

3 power resources through networks

Answer 24

• information
• visibility
• referent power

Question 25

social network ties

Answer 25

1. strong ties; more resources but less unique
2. weak ties; offers unique resources we don’t have
3. many ties; resource increase with number of ties

Question 26

3 factors in centrality

Answer 26

1. betweenness: located between others in the network
2. degree centrality: number of people connected to you
3. closeness: strong relationships

Question 27

structural hole

Answer 27

area between 2 or more dense social network areas that lacks ties

Question 28

influence

Answer 28

behavior that attempts to alter someone’s attitudes or behavior

Question 29

organizational politics

Answer 29

behaviors that others perceive as self serving tactics for personal gain at the expense of other people and the org
results in lower: job satisfaction, commitment, citizenship, performance

Question 30

minimizing organization politics

Answer 30

• minimize scarce resources
• resource allocation decisions are clear and simple
• diagnose and alter systems and role modeling that support self serving behavior
• Machiavellian values

Question 31

Machiavellian Values

Answer 31

belief that deceit is a natural and acceptable way to influence others and that getting more than one deserves is acceptable