Final Exam Flashcards
to pass
which of the following behaviours would be leat appreciated by the scientific community?
a. observing patterns in nature
b. hypothesizing about evidence
c. providing 100% certainty
d. arguing over alt. interpretations
e. developing experiements to test a hypothesis
c.
Sustainable development is associated with
a. Rachel Carson.
b. The IPCC.
c. Aldo Leopold.
d. The 1992 Earth Summit.
e. Our Common Future.
d.
Which of the following is the best example of a command and control policy approach?
a. Permit trading
b. Emissions performance standards
c. Subsidies for renewable energies
d. BC’s carbon tax
e. Cap and trade in the EU
d.
Canada’s original Kyoto target was
a. 6% below global average.
b. 6% below 2005 levels.
c. 6% below 1990 levels.
d. 2°C below 1990 levels.
e. 350ppm.
c.
Which statement is most correct with respect to POPs?
a. Are synthetic organic compounds resistant to biodégradation.
b. The most toxic and persistent have been banned under the Basel Convention.
c. Examples include lead and mercury.
d. Were banned first in Canada because of their suspected endocrine disruptive potential.
e. Are plastic organic pollutants which are of emerging concern in our waterways.
a.
Which statement is most correct?
a. All chemicals are unsafe.
b. All natural chemicals are safe.
c. A chemical is toxic if it has a detrimental impact on the environment or human health.
d. All chemicals are safe except those that cause cancer.
e. Organic compounds are safe because they easily breakdown.
c.
The goal of the Basel Convention is to
a. Prevent another Bhopal type accident.
b. Preserve biodiversity
c. End the use and release of 12 toxins shown to be most dangerous
d. Ensure safe passage for migratory species
e. Prevent the trade in hazardous waste.
e.
We discussed how a pregnant woman's past exposure to lead can put her unborn baby at risk. This is likely because of a. Biomagnification. b. Bioaccumulation. c. Biostorage. d. Toxification. e. Toxic recollection.
b.
The LD50 refers to the
a. Lowest dose that kills 50 out of 100 members of the population.
b. Lowest dose required to trigger symptoms in 50% of the population.
c. Amount of toxicant it takes to kill half the population.
d. Lethal dose to any member of the population over 50 years old.
e. Lethal dose for an average adult weighing 50kgs.
c.
Bisphenol־A is
a. Found in certain older paints.
b. An endocrine mimicking chemical that is used in plastic manufacturing.
c. One of the dirty dozen.
d. A banned pesticide.
e. A chemical of concern often found in cosmetics.
b.
Which of the following is NOT a suspected endocrine disruptor?
a. PCBs
b. Arsenic
c. BPA
d. Pesticides
e. Plasticizers
e.
Identify the most correct statement with respect to the National Pollutant Registry.
a. Of all the pollutants registered, more than 55% have found to be toxic.
b. Was developed to ensure fair trade of pollutants between Canada, US, and Mexico.
c. A Canadian database which tracks over 350 pollutants released by industrial facilities.
d. Managed by Health Canada and Industry Canada.
e. A registry which reports on the environmental impacts of producing and transferring toxics
throughout Canada, US, and Mexico
c.
Which of the following is the best definition of biophilia?
a. An inherent connection all humans share because we share common genes.
b. A condition associated with lack of exposure to nature.
c. An innate love of all cuddly fuzzy mammals such as pandas and polar bears.
d. A recognition that all biota are interconnected and therefore interdependent.
e. A connection to nature that humans inherently seek.
e.
Which of the following is likely the greatest threat to biodiversity?
a. Climate change
b. Pollution
c. Invasive species
d. Habitat loss and fragmentation
e. Hunting and fishing
d.
Community knowledge as applicable to our discussion on biodiversity is best defined as:
a. Oral traditions passed through generations.
b. A type of citizen science where community members are encouraged to collect data
following the scientific method.
c. Information about a species that a person or group has obtained from personal experience.
d. Local knowledge that is not amenable to scientific study.
e. Collective understanding of the history and culture of a group.
c.
Which of the following is an international initiative designed to promote biodiversity?
a. Stockholm Convention
b. Montreal Protocol
c. CITES
d. SARA
e. Convention on Migratory Mammal Monitoring
a.
Which of the following is NOT a definition for biodiversity?
a. The number of species on Earth.
b. The variety of genes on Earth.
c. The richness of biological variation.
d. The complexity of communities on Earth.
e. All of the above are definitions of biodiversity.
e.
Which of the following is NOT a recommendation found in Paelhke’s (2000) reading to promote
greater biodiversity?
a. Build denser urban cores.
b. Build more large urban green spaces.
c. Promote energy taxes.
d. Greater scientific studies.
e. Ensure strict enforcement of endangered species legislation.
b.
Which of the following is the best definition of a ״hot spot” as defined in our lectures?
a. Regions, such as the Arctic, which will experience the greatest degree of warming.
b. A region or event of great political environmental significance, such as the COP21 meeting in
Paris.
c. An area that is earthquake prone and at high risk of nuclear radiation accidents such as
Fukishima in Japan.
d. A region where the threat is greatest to the greatest number of species.
e. A biodiversity rich region which is also a popular ecotourism destination.
d.
A2A and Y2Yare:
a. Proposed binational protected corridors.
b. Items of concern in chapter 11 under NAFTA.
c. Increasing level of extinction classification.
d. Versions of influenza viruses.
e. Designations for significant migratory rest stops, similar to airport acronyms such as YYZ.
a.
true or false:
currently, 1-2 million species have been identified out of an estimated 300 billion that are unknown today
false: 1-2 million out of an estimated 3-100 million
what is the environmental bill of rights in Ontario?
a platform for constituents to ask for investigations, reviews and comment on environmental policies
what is the environmental registry?
a registry where all environmental proposals are posted so that the public can see and comment in ministry decisions - information/transparency is the first step
true or false:
high levels of diversity are desirable for survival to changes in environmental conditions
true
which convention aimed at controlling the ‘dirty dozen’ how many of the 12 toxic chemicals were officially banned?
Stockholm convention - 9/12 dirty dozen were outlawed and limited DDT
true or false:
the 2004 Rotterdam Convention aimed at promoting open exchange of info and calls on exporters of hazardous chemicals to use proper labelling
true
true or false:
under the Rotterdam convention, signators must ban chemicals that are deemed harmful based on information provided
false, they can decide whether to allow/ban them
what convention is an int’l agreement on the control of transboundary movement of hazardous waste?
Basel Convention
what are the 4 env health hazards?
- physical
- cultural
- biological
- chemcial
what are the two general types of toxicants?
- heavy metals
2. organic compounds - synthetic organic compounds like POPs and EDCs
what are POPs?
persistent organic pollutants
- e.g. ‘dirty dozen’
what are EDCs?
endocrine disruptors
-e.g. BPA and flame retardants
true or false:
EDCs can naturally break down over a long period of time
false, they don’t naturally break down at all
what are VOCs?
volatile organic compounds
-e.g. cleaning products or anything scented
