Final Exam

Question 1

Oxidation

Answer 1

Strips an electron from an atom in a compound.

Question 2

Reduction

Answer 2

Addition of an electron stripped from the reducing agent.

Question 3

NAD+

Answer 3

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (Derived from vitamin B3[Niacin])

Question 4

FAD+

Answer 4

Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide ( Derived from vitamin B2[Riboflavin])

Question 5

Role of NAD+ and FAD+?

Answer 5

To bind and carry high energy electrons between compounds in pathways(i.e Catabolic and Anabolic pathways).

Question 6

Anabolic

Answer 6

Constructs Molecules

Question 7

Catabolic

Answer 7

Breaks down Molecules

Question 8

ATP

Answer 8

Adenosine Triphosphate ( Energy Currency of the cell)

Question 9

ADP

Answer 9

Adenosine Diphosphate

Question 10

AMP

Answer 10

Adenosine Monophosphate (monomer of ATP) An adenine molecule bonded to a ribose molecule and a single phosphate group.

Question 11

Ribose

Answer 11

A five carbon sugar found in RNA.

Question 12

RNA

Answer 12

Ribonucleic Acid

Question 13

DNA

Answer 13

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

Question 14

True or False, Phosphate groups are negatively charged and thus repel one another when arranged in a series?

Answer 14

TRUE

Question 15

Hydrolysis

Answer 15

The process of breaking complex macromolecules apart.

Question 16

What happens during Hydrolysis?

Answer 16

Water is split (or lysed) and the resulting hydrogen atom(H+) and Hydroxyl group (OH-) are added to the larger molecule.

Question 17

Hydrolysis of ATP produces..?

Answer 17

ADP, an inorganic Phosphate ion (Pi) and the release of free energy.

Question 18

In nearly every living thing energy comes from the metabolism of…?

Answer 18

Glucose.

Question 19

biological macromolecules

Answer 19

large molecules, necessary for life, that are built from

smaller organic molecules.

Question 20

Name the 4 major biological macromolecule classes

Answer 20

carbohydrates, lipids,

proteins, and nucleic acids

Question 21

Monomers

Answer 21

a sub unit(building block) of most macromolecules

Question 22

What happens when monomers covalently bond?

Answer 22

They form a Polymer.

Question 23

What happens when monomers turn into polymers?

Answer 23

They release water molecules as by products.

Question 24

dehydration synthesis

Answer 24

“to put together while losing water”

when monomers form a polymer and release water molecules as a byproduct.

Question 25

what happens in a dehydration synthesis?

Answer 25

the hydrogen of one monomer combines with the hydroxyl group of another monomer, releasing a water molecule.