Final Exam Flashcards
Main Street, Virginia City, NV c. 1875
- Buildings: Knights of Pythias, E Clampus Vitus Building and Miner’s Union Hall
- False front urbanism
- Association between ornamental facades and civic buildings
Broadway, New Haven, CT c. 2001
- Reference to Main Street
- Regeneration of Main Street as gentrification
- Influence of Yale University in city planning
- Trading small businesses for chains
- Facades imitate architectural diversity
Machu Picchu, Inca citadel, 15th c.
- Ideal of the “lost world”
- Ashlar masonry allowed for lack of mortar
- Steep terracing called for precision
Chichen Itza, Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico, 800-1200 CE
Teotihuacan, Mexico, 100 BCE - 250 CE
- Monumentality of form
- Monumentality embodying the strength of the civilisation
- Talud and tablero construction
- Avenue of the Dead connects the Temple of the Moon and the Temple of the Sun
- Avenue of the Dead organized as a celestial gesture
- Exploitation of labor
- Plan reflects social hierarchy
Teotihuacan, Mexico, 100 BCE - 250 CE, Plan
- Dominant axiality
- Modularity in plan
Pueblo Bonito, Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, 9th - 12th c.
- Development of khiva - underground, ceremonial rooms
- 1906: American Antiquities Act, in response to looting the site
- Utilization of nature in architectural production
- Man-made mountain built as a defense
Piegan Prairie Camp, c. 1908
- Mobility and freedom from the land
- Nomadic architecture
Plan of San Antonio
- Spanish Law of the Indies, 1573
- Western engagement with the grid
- Synthesis of urbanism and colonialism
- Laying claim to territory
Timgad, Algeria c. 100
- Roman colonial outpost
- Grid template
- Grid aided in organizing expanding territory
Valladolid, Yucatan, Mexico, c. 1545
- Small Mayan town converted into a settlement
- Inertia of first settlements - etching and reetching of urban lines
- Interior of blocks are green
- Quaint irregularity - frontier town
- Civic spaces framed by porches and arcades
New Orleans, 1718
- French settlement
- Fortified like a bastide town
- Shaped by the Mississippi river
Castello Plan of New Amsterdam, 1660
- Dutch influence
- Laid out with canals
- Fortified battery at southernnmost tip
John Bonner Map of Boston, 1722
- Incremental and topographic street layout
- Organic sprawl
- T-form urbanism
Plan of Town of New Haven, 1748
- Top-down planning
- 9-square grid
Paul Revere House, Boston, MA, c. 1680
- Second floor overhands the first
- Mortise and Tenon construction
- Room on second floor as a defense system
- Vernacular colonial architecture
Monticello, Charlottesville, VA, c. 1760-90
- Thomas Jefferson
- Fringes of an empire
- References classical architecture
- Palladio’s influence in ionic columns, domed rotunda, portico
- Pastiche of classical vernacular
- Gradient of privacy through the landscape
- Cross-axial relationship between functional spaces
Land Ordinance 1785
- Standardized system of land division
- Harbinger for the construction of frontier settlements
University of Virginia, 1817-26
- Thomas Jefferson and Benjamin Latrobe
- Latrobe branded himself as an expert of neoclassical forms
- References the insularity of a plantation
Commissioner’s Plan, 1807
- Overlays grid on the entire island
- Visionary plan meant to be implemented over time
- Missing central park
Gramercy Park, 1830s
- Developer: Samuel Ruggles
- Uses square to organize new urban district
- References the residential sqare in London
- Preservation of public spaces
“Sachem’s Wood” Hillhouse Family Mansion, New Haven, CT, 1829
- Andrew Jackson Davis
- Brownstone, Brick and Stucco
- Flat roof with center pediment and portico
- Elite planning as a district apart from the city
- Avenue is misaligned from the grid, instead built like a cul-de-sac
- Disengages with the city
Grove Street Cemetrery, 1797
- with Egyptianate Revival Gate, 1845
- Henry Austin
Tontine Crescent, Boston, MA, 1793-95
- Charles Bulfinch
- Tontine - real estate investment by selling shares
- Syndicate for investors
- Speculative housing for the new professions
- Align community in a row
Girard Row, Philadelphia, PA, 1831-37
- Fatest growing cities with diverse exciting economies
- Accommodations for new urban dwellers
- Housing for goldsmiths, bricklayers, merchants, shoemakers
Willis Bristol House, New Haven, CT, 1845
- Henry Austin
- Moorish architecture
- Decorative elements
- Italianate form
Eastern State Penitentiary, Philadelphia, 1823-36
- John Haviland
- Prototype for the modern mall
- Shopping is rationalized
Slater’s Mill, Pawtucket, RI, 1793
- Mass produciton of clothing in 19th c.
- Civic cupola and bell tower highlight presence in the landscape
