Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Head

A

Energy per unit weight of fluid

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2
Q

Aquifer

A

Water-bearing formation that can transmit water

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3
Q

Aquitard

A

Stratum less permeable than adjacent stratum

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4
Q

Aquiclude

A

Impervious stratum

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5
Q

Constant-Head Boundary

A

A body of water where the pressure head remains the same

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6
Q

Unconfined Aquifer

A

an aquifer where the water table occurs within the aquifer layer

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7
Q

Uniform Flow

A

When flow is relatively the same in all places.

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8
Q

Sorption

A

Contaminant moves from the aqueous to the solid phase

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9
Q

Longitudinal Dispersion

A

Dispersion in the direction of flow

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10
Q

Transverse Dispersion

A

Dispersion perpendicular to the direction of flow

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11
Q

θf

A

Field Capacity

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12
Q

ϴ=Vw/V

A

Volume Water Content

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13
Q

n

A

Porosity

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14
Q

p/уw

A

Pressure Head

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15
Q

Overland Flow

A

Moves over the top of the ground

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16
Q

Interflow

A

Moves in ground towards body of water above GWT

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17
Q

Infiltration

A

Goes into ground

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18
Q

Unsaturated Zone

A

Above GWT all ground

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19
Q

Recharge

A

Goes into GWT

20
Q

Saturated Zone

A

Area below GWT

21
Q

Ground Water Discharge

A

Water flowing into lake from under GWT

22
Q

What are Solid Lines

A

Steam lines/ Water Flow/ Pathlines

23
Q

What are Dashed Lines

A

Equipotentials/Head Contours

24
Q

What happens at the point where solid lines converge?

A

Water is pumping from one well to the other because one is pumping Q and the other is pumping -Q

25
Q

Whats happening where the solid lines diverge

A

The water is being pumped away from the one well and is being pumped in at the other well.

26
Q

Leaky Aquifer (Graph)

A

Has a regular line and a dotted line

27
Q

Unconfined Aquifer (Graph)

A

Has 2 dotted lines and 2 solid lines

28
Q

Theis Confined Aquifer (Graph)

A

Has only one solid line w/no dotted lines

29
Q

Steady State

A

No t in the derivative

30
Q

Unsteady State

A

t in the derivative

31
Q

Isotropic/Homogeneous

A

K has no direction

32
Q

Anisotropic/Heterogeneous

A

Kx,Ky, and Kz

33
Q

Recharge/Leakage

A

N is present

34
Q

LUST

A

Leaking Underground Storage Tank

35
Q

NAPL

A

Non-Aqueous Phase Liquid

36
Q

LNAPL

A

Light Non-Aqueous Phase Liquid

37
Q

DNAPL

A

Dense Non-Aqueous Phase Liquid

38
Q

Advection

A

Bulk flow of contaminant with ground water

39
Q

Mechanical Dispersion

A

Mixing or spreading of contamination due to fluid velocity variations

40
Q

Molecular Diffusion

A

Mixing or spreading of contamination due to random motions of molecules

41
Q

2 Types of Decay Reactions

A

1) Zero-Order

2) First-Order

42
Q

Zero-Order

A

Concentration decreases at a constant rate

43
Q

First-Order

A

Concentration decreases at a rate proportional to the concentration

44
Q

Absorption

A

Incorporated into the bulk of something else

45
Q

Adsorption

A

Attached to a solid surface