Final Exam Flashcards
Procedural Programming
- Solves spaghetti problem
- organized by feautures
- Main program has functions that have functions
- Small Moduals
- Many programs and subprograms being used at same time in many places by many people.
Compiler vs Run Time Errors
Both found in Preliminary Debugging stage of Testing
Compiler Error: Program does not run
-a syntax error
-programs does not follow the rules
Run-Time Errors: occurs while program is running
-logical/semantic error
-Produces Incorrect Result
Program Development Life Cycle
The process of creating Programs
- Analysis (Understand program specifics)
- Design (Lay out program before coding)
- Coding (Writing Program Language)
- Debugging and Testing (find defects in Program)
- Implementation and Maintenance
Choosing Program Languages
Languages: Set of rules to write computer program
1. Categories:
Low Level (difficult and machine dependent)
High Level (closer to natural language)
2. Purpose:
weather forecasting, business transactions, math
3. Difficulty
BASIC is a beginner language
4.Popularity:
Java-Most popular
Python-Google, NASA
Source Code vs Object Code
Before an object can be debugged, it must be translated into executable code
Source Code: coded program before it is compiled(language translator coverts source code into machine language)
Object Code: machine language version of a program
4 Ways to Add a Sprite on Scratch
- Choose a sprite from the library
- Draw a Sprite
- Upload a Sprite
- Take a Picture
Draw and Label Scratch X,Y Grid
x:
y: ^ 180, 0, -180 v
Forever Loop (Scratch)
- Forever loop is a control block in scratch
- it is used so the contained code will loop forever
- it would be helpful if you wanted a sprite to have the same translation repeatedly.
- I used it in my sprite to make multiple cars drive across the screen
- there was not time limit for the game, so a repeat function would not have been as affective
Broadcasting (Scratch)
- Is an event block
- it is used to create reaction between sprites
- a broadcast is sent out so a sprite is waiting for a reaction
Sensing Blocks (Scratch)
- Ask ___ and wait (Pose a question that the user can type an answer to)
- Answer (Use the previous answer in another speech)
- Touching (A reaction based on what sprite is touching)
- Key___pressed (A reaction based off of which key is pressed)
Frame by Frame vs Physical Simulation
Frame by frame: Draw each new image to string together into animation
Physical Simulation: tweening
Dyslexic Font
Dyslexie
- Helps them recognize 2D objects as 2D objects
- anchors the letter so they do not move
Rotation, Scaling, Shear, Translation
shearing is stretching
translation is moving
rotation is rotating
scale is to make bigger or smaller
Raster to Vector Font
Raster image may be prettier, but costs money. Costs storage money.
Vector images use math to use less storage and save money.
Debugging
taking defects out of programes
Java
most popular object oriented programming language that uses bytecode
COBOL
programming language that deals with business transaction processing that has extensive moduals
Fortran
programming language that is used for math, engineering and science
Pseudocode
English like statements to outline the logic of a program
Compiler
A type of language transltor that does entire program at once
Stage
backdrop area of Scratch
Sprite
Image or character in Scratch
Augment
Change or edit
Block
A type of script divided by what those scripts do
Script
A piece of code applied to a sprite
Comments
an explanation left on code to explain what it does
Discoverability
how a computer understands what you mean. (Court case vs pillow case)
Regression Bug
Breaking something works and breaking it by accident
Triangle Mesh
2D triangles that make up 3D images in a fast way
Internet vs World Wide Web
WWW: 1991 Created to communicate academic inforamation, system of interlinked documents locate on servers,
Internet: 1969 network of networks
Intellectual Property
Copyrights: original works (art)
TM’s: distinguishable words, phrases
Patents: inventions
Cyber squatting: buying McDonalds.com so they have to pay you for it
Fake News
False Information
Propagated through social media
Check for bias and citations
Keaton Jones (a lot of unproven information)
Tech and Emotional Health
- ever changing tech
- 24-7 society
- information overload
- burnout
- addiction
Interdisciplinary Artificial Intelligence
The creation and implementation of AI is across fields Engineering, psychology, medicine
Number Systems
Binary-computer processing
Decimal-addition and subtraction
Octal-
Hexadecimal
Applications for Machine Learning
- Making credit decisions
- Diagnosis of mechanical devices
- Autocomplete of repetitive forms
- Forecasting thunderstorms
AI and Reasoning
Mathematical: definitions, theories, proof
Non-Logical:language
Logical: deductive, inductive (Used by AI)
Net Neutrality
All information through the internet is equal
Web 2.0
A mid 2000’s ‘upgrade’ of the basic web
RSS
Rich Site Summary: a type of web feed which allows users to access updates to online content in a standardized, computer-readable format
Ergonomics
study of efficency
E-Waste
discarded electrical or electronic devices
byte
8 bits
Nibble
four binary digits or half of an eight-bit byte
Signed Magnitude Notation
Leading with 0 means positive, leading with 1 means negative
ASCII
American Standard Code for Information Interchange
7 bit code
IQ
Summation of mathematical and logical reasoning
EQ
Emotion Quotient
AI Capability
store knowledge, apply knowledge, gain knowledge
Machine Learning
Computers automatically improve their performance
Perceptron
a supervised classification because the computer is aided by the human classification of data points. Perceptron is also related to the development of “artificial neural networks,
Conditional
“If”
Legibility
the state or quality of being legible.
Typography. the quality of type that affects the perceptibility of a word, line, or paragraph of printed matter.
Readability
the state or quality of being readable.
Typography. the property of type that affects the ease with which printed matter can be read for a sustained period.
Intelligibility
Capability of something to be understood
Geometric Primitive
computer graphics and CAD systems is used in various senses, with the common meaning of the simplest (i.e. ‘atomic’ or irreducible) geometric objects that the system can handle (draw, store).
Cookies
Cookies are small files stored on a hard drive by a Web
server
Can be session-based or persistent
Can be used to identify return visitors and their
preferences
Data can be viewed or deleted
Settings can be changed and/or managed with
software
First-party cookies: Can be tracking cookies used to track Web activity
Third-party cookies: Can include personally identifiable information (PII) or non-personally identifiable information (Non-PII)
To Manage Third Party Cookies: Delete your browsing history, and block third party cookies in the browser
