Final Exam

Question 1

mRNA

Answer 1

Messenger RNAs code for proteins

Question 2

rRNAs

Answer 2

ribosomal RNAs, form the basic structure of the ribosome and catalyze protein synthesis

Question 3

tRNAs

Answer 3

transfer RNAs, central to protein synthesis as adaptors between mRNA and amino acids

Question 4

snRNAs

Answer 4

small nuclear RNAs, function in a variety of nuclear processes, including the splicing of pre-mRNAs

Question 5

snoRNAs

Answer 5

small nuclear RNAs, used to process and chemically modify rRNAs

Question 6

scaRNAs

Answer 6

small cajal RNAs, used to modify snoRNAs and snRNAs

Question 7

miRNAs

Answer 7

microRNAs, regulate gene expression typically by blocking translation of selective mRNAs

Question 8

siRNAs

Answer 8

small interfering RNAs, turn off gene expression by directing degradation of selective mRNAs and the establishment of compact chromatin structures

Question 9

Noncoding RNAs

Answer 9

Function in diverse cell processes, including telomere synthesis , X-chromosome inactivatoin, and the transport of proteins into the ER