Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ESG 162 > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

2 sub regions of Western Canada

A
  1. northern resource - hinter land

2. southern agriculture -densely populated, industrial core

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

western canada’s economic output

A

3rd after ontario and quebec

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

employment in western canada

A

lowest unemployment rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

non- renewable and renewable sources of West

A 
non-renewable= oil and gas
renewable= agriculture
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

problem in western Canada

A

long distance to ocean ports to export

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

one solution to long distance ocean port

A

construction of railway from to churchill in 1929 but there high cost of marine insurance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Physiographical Geography of Western Canada ( 2 major and 2 minor)

A 
2 major regions
1a. interior plains 
2a. canadian shield
2 minor regions
1b. hudson bay lowlands
2b. cordillera
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

interior plains (western canada)

A
  • sediment rocks
  • oil, gas, coal and potash
    western sediment basin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

canadian shield (western Canada)

A
  • no real agriculture
  • forest product
  • mining
  • hydroelectric system on nelson river
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Hudson bay lowland (western Canada)

A
  • hunting and trapping
  • muskeg
  • permafrost
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

cordillera (western canada)

A
  • timber
  • mining
  • tourism ( banff and jasper national parks)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

permafrost in western canada caused

A
  • railway flooded therefore no way to churchill

- but with climate change, russian plan maybe more feanible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

the river system in western Canada

A
  1. most rivers flow west to east
  2. In northern parts of alberta & sask., rivers flow north as part of mackenzie river drainage basin
  3. In southern part of alberta & sask., rivers connect to mississippi river and then to the gulf of mexico
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

weather & climate (western canada)

A
  • extreme daily & seasonal fluctuations
  • low precipitation
  • great temperature changes from night to day
  • dry region since moisture drops on the rockies
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

(western canada) 1857

A

john pallister sent out by royal gov. society & british gov. to check the suitability of canada west for agricultural settlement

  • southern dry region described as poor soil, no wood except on northern exposure
  • southern area known as “pallister triangle”, he believed it was part of the “great american desert”
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

(western canada) 1858

A

royal gov. society & british gov. sent out Henry Hind

  • mapped northern area
  • the better soil in the parkland
  • hind’s fertile belt
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

(western canada) 1896-1890 immigrants

A

aggressive recruitment for settler

  • list of immigrants with 3 categories
    1. most wanted - British or French
    2. acceptable - Belgin, Dutch, Scandivian, swiss, Finnish, Russians, Germans, Ukraines, polish
    3. least desirable - italians, jews, blacks, greeks, asians
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

problem with immigrants

A

middle canada filled with euros caused a problem with english speaking people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

factors that drew immigrants to canada

A

war, famine, poverty, religion, natural disaters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

(western canada) 1874- 1876

A

1400 Icelander

- failure of cod stocks & volcanic activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

(western canada) 1870’s

A

7000 mennonites from russian

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

(western canada) 1898-1899

A

7,400 douknobors from russian sent them to kooberg BC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

how did they overcome short growing seasons?

A

new strain of wheat : Marquin wheat

24
Q

new farming methods

A
  1. summer fallow: leave land idle for one or more years, allows crops to develop moisture and nutrients
  2. zero tillage: not breaking the top soil; drill and drop seeds, leaves crops residue
25
Q

droughts & depression in 1930’s

A
  • dust bowl & grasshopper infestation

these events sparked cultural, social, political and economic change

26
Q

who initiated many changes?

A

Prairie women, to build social nets

27
Q

what 2 political parties emerged from prairie women changes?

A
  1. social credit party

2. co-operation commonwealth federation

28
Q

social credit party

A
  • they believe citizens should be given money to spend their way out economic conditions
  • william aberhandt
29
Q

co-operation commonwealth federation

A
  • new democratic party
  • they believe capitalism should be replaced with a social system that would increase…
    programs for health & welfare insurance
    children’s allowance
    old-age pensions
30
Q

5 main agriculture regions

A
  1. fertile belt - wheat and canola
  2. dry belt
  3. agricultural fringe
  4. peace river country
  5. pallister’s triangle
    (check out the hand out)
31
Q

Jack Anawak signifies canada by “saying”

A

sea to sea to sea

32
Q

atlantic people are…

A

very proud and strong people

- known by others as poor cousins

33
Q

the deutsch commission was?

A
  • in the 1970’s
  • an attempt to unify the atlantic area’s together
  • didn’t end up happening
34
Q

what does the confederation bridge connect?

A

new brunswick to P.E.I.

35
Q

many rural communities in the atlantic provinces on verge of collapse because of….

A
  1. employment in primary sector (forestry & fishing) disappearing due to mechanization
  2. collapse of cod fishery (on handout)
  3. fishing & forest resources likely to be shared with Mi’kmaq
  4. outward migration to other provinces especially young
36
Q

3 climate zones of the atlantic

A
  1. arctic- chill coast of labrador, iceberg alley
  2. subarctic - inland labrador
  3. atlantic- mild airmass, warm moist air from gulf of mexico, hurricane, snow storms
37
Q

physiographic regions of the atlantic

A
  1. the appalachian uplands

2. canadian shield

38
Q

Arable land in atlantic

A

very little expect…

PEI, st. john river valley - NB, Annapolis valley - N.S. (fruit orchards) apple & vineyards

39
Q

where were most settlements in the atlantic region?

A

In clusters along…
coastline = fishing was
inland = minerals deposits were formed

40
Q

where is there mining in the atlantic region?

A

cape breton & voisey’s bay

41
Q

Atlantic diverse cultural geography (nova scotia)

A

nova scotia…

  1. settled by french canadians who were later expelled from moncton, edminston
  2. then by new england “planters” who were recruited by N.S. governor
    - charles lawerence who provided them free land- vacated by excited Acadians
  3. german protestants who arrived at Lunenburg ship builders - bluenose
  4. empire loyalists included 3000 blacks in Halifax and New glasgow
  5. galic speaking highland scots protestants
  6. first nations: mi’kmaq, maliseat, passamaqudd
42
Q

atlantic diverse cultural geography (newfoundland)

A

in newfoundland…

7. english & french & Irish

43
Q

atlantic diverse cultural geography (labrador)

A

in Labrador…

  1. Inuit - Moravian, Missionaires
  2. Innu
44
Q

sydney tarponds in nova scotia

A
  • Resulted from iron and steel production by Sydney SteelCo
  • Product of coke ovens include tar and toxic gases : Benzene, kerosene, naphthalene, arsenic and lead
  • toxic waste dumped into Muggah Creek
  • Orange goo seeped into basements and dust in backyards
  • High cancer rates in sydney higher than the rest of canada
45
Q

Fishing industry in the Atlantic region

A
  • Atlantic canada has a wide continental shelf
  • Superb fishing conditions cold water from labrador meets with warm water from the gulf of mexico
  • Sinking of cold water upwelling from the bottom detritus are brought up from the bottom
  • Also george banks is most productive
46
Q

Mismanagement of Cod stock

A
  1. Estimates of cod stocks by DFO
    - Too optimistic
    - Disregarded local ecological knowledge DFO set quotes too high
  2. Strong pressure for high cod quotes came from Nfld population and from major fish processors
  3. Canada had no control over foreign fishing “Nose” and “tail” waste created by draggers
    - Non commercial fish discarded
    - destroy coral reefs
    - Factory exploited fish
47
Q

George bank area of dispute

A

George bank area of dispute in 1984 International court awarded ⅚ of George bank to U.S.

48
Q

British Colombia- physical geography

A
  • Narrow continental shelf

- Numerous islands and deep fjord

49
Q

soil in B.C. is not fertile because…

A
  1. Soil gets washed away

2. High acidic because of conifier

50
Q

2 main Forest Region in B.C.

A
  1. Coast Forest

2. Interior Forest

51
Q

coast forest in B.C.

A

include

  • Western red cedar
  • Western hemlock
  • Douglas fir
52
Q

interior Forest in B.C.

A
  • Northern forest
    Coal temp, Pooling drainage, Muskeg, small trees, little value
  • Nechako Forest
    Moderate pot engelmann spruce, Cool summer
  • Fraser Plateau Forest
    Dry climate, Ponderosa pine
  • Columbia Forest
    Dry climate, Douglas fir, Western cedar, Ponderosa pine, Western Hemlock
53
Q

B.C. pipelines

A
  • Northern Gateway
  • Enbridge LAC pipeline terminal
  • in Vancouver, Transmountain pipeline, Kinder Morgan
54
Q

B.C. climate

A
  • West coast warmed by relatively warm concentration
  • Most rainfall in Whistler
  • Pineapple express
  • Warm water from hawaii
55
Q

pineapple express

A

a strong and persistent flow of atmospheric moisture and associated with heavy precipitation from the waters adjacent to the Hawaiian Islands

56
Q

B.C. soil lands

A

peace river, Fraser valley, Okanagan valley

57
Q

Who is the minister of interior in 1896?

A

Sir Clifford Sitfton

ESG 162 (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions