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Chest & Abdomen Final > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

What is the best modality for pneumothorax?

A
  • upright films

- inspiratory/expiratory films

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2
Q

What is the best modality for sarcoidosis?

A
  • biopsy

- kveim test

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3
Q

What is the best modality for bladder calculi?

A

x-ray

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4
Q

What is the best modality for kidney stones?

A

x-ray

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5
Q

What is the best modality for uterine fibromas?

A
  • x-ray

- US

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6
Q

What is the best modality for gallstones?

A

US

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7
Q

What is the best modality for a hiatal hernia?

A

x-ray + barium swallow

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8
Q

What is the best modality for pancreatic lithiasis?

A
  • US
  • CT
  • x-ray
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9
Q

What is the best modality for a AAA?

A
  • US (100% accurate)
  • CT
  • arteriography
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10
Q

What is the best modality for hydatid disease?

A

-CT

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11
Q

What is the best modality for trauma?

A
  • Fx: CT

- Soft tissue/cord: MRI

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12
Q

What is the best modality for MS?

A

MRI (T2)

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13
Q

What is the best modality for neurofibromas?

A

MRI

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14
Q

What is the best modality for a pituitary tumor?

A

MRI

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15
Q

What is the best modality for Arnold Chiari Malformation?

A

MRI

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16
Q

What is the best modality for tarlov cyst?

A

MRI

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17
Q

What is the MC primary tumor of the pleura?

A

pleural mesothelioma

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18
Q

Extrapleural sign is seen with what disease?

A

pleural mesothelioma

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19
Q

What are the MC locations for a teratoma in order?

A
  • gonadal
  • sacrococcygeal
  • thorax
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20
Q

Where in the mediastinum are teratomas usually found?

A

anterior mediastinum

w/ peripheral Ca++

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21
Q

What are the 3 T’s + H?

A
  • thyoma**
  • thyroid
  • teratoma
  • Hodgkins lymphoma**
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22
Q

What does adult respiratory distress syndrome lead to?

A

increase capillary permeability and pulmonary edema

23
Q

What causes ARDS?

A
  • drug abuse
  • smoke inhalation
  • transplants
24
Q

What is the layout of pulmonary edema in ARDS?

A

alveolar proximally, interstitial distally

25
Q

What causes extrinsic allergic alveolitis (EAA)?

A

occupational inhalation of organic agents

26
Q

What are the 2 different appearances of EAA?

A
  • acute: nodular radiodensities

- chronic: interstitial pattern (upper lobe)

27
Q

What are examples of Non-fibrogenic pneumoconiosis?

A
  • silicosis (silicon)

- siderosis (iron)

28
Q

What are examples of fibrogenic pneumoconiosis?

A
  • asbestosis

- coal

29
Q

What type of appearance does non-fibrogenic pneumoconiosis take?

A

eggshell

30
Q

What is pneumothorax?

A

collection of air in pleural space

31
Q

What is the MC cause of pneumothorax?

A

traumatic

32
Q

What are the 2 types of spontaneous pneumothorax?

A
  • primary: young adult, bleb

- secondary: chest dx that produce cavities and cysts

33
Q

What is a radiographic finding associated with tension pneumothorax?

A

crescent-shaped radiolucent shadow in upper lateral portion of lung

34
Q

What disease causes multisystem aggregation of noncaseating epitheloid granulomas?

A

sarcoidosis

35
Q

How is sarcoidosis confirmed?

A
  • biopsy

- Kviem test

36
Q

What are the different stages of sarcoidosis?

A

0: no findings
1: bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy
2: hilar and parenchymal nodules
3: parenchymal nodules
4: parenchymal fibrosis

37
Q

What causes the formation of bladder calculi?

A

urinary stasis

associated w/ carcinoma

38
Q

What are most kidney stones made of?

A

calcium oxalate

39
Q

What are some risk factors for gallstones?

A
  • sickle cell
  • obesity
  • age
  • pregnancy
40
Q

What is the best way to identify gallstones compared to kidney stones?

A

gallstones: US

kidney stones: x-ray

41
Q

What is the normal measurement of the abdominal aorta?

A

<3cm

42
Q

At what measurement of AAA is surgery indicated?

A

5-6 cm

3.5-5 cm = watch and wait

43
Q

What is Hydatid disease?

A

infestation of Echinoccoccus granulosus

44
Q

Where are hydatid cysts found MC?

A

liver and spleen

45
Q

What is the gold standard modality for intracranial injuries?

A

CT

46
Q

What is the MC primary brain tumor?

A

astrocytoma

47
Q

What is the difference between syringomyelia and hydromyelia?

A

syringomyelia: dilation of cord next to central canal
hydromyelia: fluid dilation in central canal

48
Q

What are Tarlov cysts?

A

dilations of subarachnoid space surrounding spinal nerve root

49
Q

What are two occupations that are related to extrinsic allergic alveolitis?

A
  • Farmer: moldy hay

- Bird lover: bird droppings

50
Q

In what populations is Sarcoidosis MC in?

A
  • females

- blacks

51
Q

Which modality has a high false-negative for kidney stones?

A

US

52
Q

What are the MC causes of abdominal obstruction?

A
  • adhesions
  • hernias
  • tumors
  • Crohn’s dx
53
Q

What is Rigler’s Sign?

A

pneumoperitoneum (air in bowl)

Chest & Abdomen Final (1 decks)

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